Wind- and density-driven water circulation in the Southern Baltic Sea - a numerical analysis

• Autorzy: Herman A. , Jankowski A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The study focuses on the hydrodynamic processes in the southern Baltic Sea, with special interest in the Stolpe Channel - the only deep water connection between Bornholm Basin to the west and Gdansk and Gotland Basins to the east. The Channel is an area of strong interactions of wind- and density-driven currents that may lead to a complex flow structure. A three-dimensional numerical model was applied to an analysis of processes mentioned above. Three model versions of different spatial resolution (5, 3 and 1Nm) were used to investigate an influence of this parameter on the model results. The simulations were performed for four main wind directions, for a variable in time wind speed. It was shown that water circulation in the southern Baltic is to a high degree dependent on local anemobaric conditions. The results confirm the hypothesis of Krauss and Brugge that the flow in the Channel is opposite to the wind direction. Numerical grid step can have a decisive influence on the modeled circulation patterns, especially when barotropic andbaroclinic flow components counteract. In such situations - when the flow is bidirectional and mesoscale eddies are generated - high resolution of the model is particularly important.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

wind-driven circulation; density currents; hydrodynamic modeling; Stope Channel; Southern Baltic; Princeton Ocean Model

• Wydawca: Politechnika Gdańska
• Czasopismo: TASK Quarterly : scientific bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
• Rocznik: 2001
• Tom: Vol. 5, No 1
• Strony: 29--58
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 30 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Herman A.

• Department of Physical Oceanography, Faculty of Biology, Geography and Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland

autor

Jankowski A.

• Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstanców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] HELCOM 1996 Third periodic assessment of the state of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea, 1989–1993. Background document, HELSINKI COMMISSION, Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission
• [2] HELCOM 1996 Third periodic assessment of the state of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea, 1989–1993. Executive summary, HELSINKI COMMISSION, Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission
• [3] Jakobsen F 1995 J. Marine Systems no. 6 227
• [4] Matth¨aus W and Lass H U 1995 J. Phys. Oceanogr. 25 (2) 280
• [5] Boehlich M J 1987 A three-dimensional baroclinic model of the Western Baltic, in: Nihoul J C J, Jamart B M, Three-dimensional models of marine and estuarine dynamics, Elsevier Oceanography Series 45, ELSEVIER, Amsterdam–Oxford–New York–Tokyo
• [6] Sayin E and Krauss W 1996 Tellus 48A 324
• [7] Fennel W and Sturm M 1992 J. Marine Systems no. 3 183
• [8] Gidhagen L and H°akansson B 1992 Tellus 44A 414
• [9] Krauss W and Br ¨ugge B 1991 J. Phys. Oceanogr. 21 (3) 373
• [10] Stigebrandt A 1987 Tellus 39A (2) 170
• [11] Omstedt A 1987 Tellus 39A 254
• [12] Lass H U and Talpsepp L 1993 Continental Shelf Res. 13 (2/3) 189
• [13] K˜outs T and Omstedt A 1993 Tellus 45A (4) 311
• [14] Mellor G L 1998 User’s guide for a three-dimensional, primitive equation, numerical ocean model (1998 revision), 35 pp, Prog. in Atmos. and Ocean. Sci., Princeton University, Princeton
• [15] Mellor G L and Yamada T 1982 Rev. Geophys. and Space Phys. 20 (4) 851
• [16] UNESCO 1983 Algorithms for the computation of fundamental properties of sea water, UNESCO Tech. Pap. Mar. Sci.
• [17] Jensen T G 1998 J. Marine Systems 16 (3–4) 297
• [18] Engedahl H 1995 Tellus 47A 365
• [19] Seifert T and Kayser B 1995 Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte no. 9, Institut f ¨ur Ostseeforschung, Warnem¨unde, p.72
• [20] Sokolov A, Andrejev O, Wulff F and Medina M R 1997 Systems Ecology Contributions no. 3, Stockholm University, p.66
• [21] Jankowski A 1996 Oceanologia 38 (4) 485
• [22] Liljebladh B and Stigebrandt A 1996 J. Geophys. Res. 101 (C4) 8895
• [23] Piechura J, Walczowski W and Beszczy´nska-M¨oller A 1997 Oceanologia 39 (1) 35
• [24] Rydberg L 1976 Observations of the deep water flow through the Stolpe Channel during August 1976, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gothenburg, Sweden, Report no. 15, 6 pp
• [25] Pedersen F B 1977 Nordic Hydrology 8 297
• [26] Omstedt A 1990 Tellus 42A 286
• [27] Elken J 1996 Deep water overflow, circulation and vertical exchange in the Baltic Proper, Estonian Marine Institute Report Series, no. 6, Tallinn, 91 pp
• [28] Jakobsen F 1996 Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 48 (2) 133
• [29] Paka V T, Jurbas V M, Golenko N N and Stefancev L A 1998 Fizika Atmosfery i Okeana 34 (5) 713 (in Russian)
• [30] Oey L-Y and Chen P 1992 J. Geophys. Res. 97 (C12) 20,063