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Road noise generated by freely flowing traffic is assessed by the time-average sound level, L AT. The noise interaction with the ground surface is the only wave phenomenon that modifies geometrical spreading. A simplified model of the ground effect is applied. The model is founded on the Weyl-Van der Pol solution. Prediction of the time-average sound level, at a perpendicular distance less than 100m and an altitude not exceeding a few tens of meters, requires two simultaneous measurements of L AT at the site of interest.
Słowa kluczowe
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Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
481--490
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 9 poz., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Department of Acoustic Design, Kyushu Institute of Design, Minami-ku Fukuoka, Japan
autor
- Institu te of Acoustics A. Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] K. Attenborough. Review of ground effects on outdoor sound propagation from continuous broad¬band noise, Appl. Acoust., 24, 289-319 (1988).
- [2] W. Bowlby, Highway noise prediction and control, [in:] Acoustical Measurements and Control, C.M. Harris [Ed.], McGraw-Hill, New York 1991.
- [3] S. Brandt, Statistical and computational methods in data analysis, North-Holland, Amsterdam 1976.
- [4] T.F .W . Embleton, Tutorial on sound propagation outdoors, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 100, 31-48 (1996).
- [5] B. Favre, Factors affecting traffic noise and methods of prediction, [in:] Transportation Reference Book, P.M. Nelson [Ed.], Butterworths, London 1987.
- [6] K.M. Li, K. Attenborough and N.W. Heap, Source height determination by ground effect inversion in the presence of a velocity gradient, J. Sound Vibr., 145, 111-128 (1991).
- [7] R. Makarewicz, Near grazing propagation above a soft ground, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 82, 1706-1710 (1987) and 88. 1172-1175 (1990).
- [8] R. Makarewicz and P. Kokowski, Simplified model of ground effect, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 101, 372-376 (1997).
- [9] K. Takagi and K. Yamamoto, Calculation methods for road traffic noise propagation proposed by ASJ, Inter-Noise 94, 289-294 (1994).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT3-0007-0129