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Leaching with sulfuric and hydrochloric acids for upgrading titanium slag obtained from the Qara-aghaj ilmenite concentrate to a high grade titanium dioxide (TiO2) was studied. The titanium slag containing 72.7% TiO2 and 7.8% Fe2O3 was leached at varying solid/liquid (S/L) ratio, particle size, leaching time and acid concentration. The optimum amount of S/L ratio, particle size, acid concentration and leaching time using both acids were determined as 1:4, -100 µm, 8% and 2 h. Under optimum conditions, by using sulfuric acid, a titanium dioxide concentrate with 86.8% TiO2 and 1.87% Fe2O3 was produced, while employing hydrochloric acid resulted in a concentrate containing 91% TiO2 and 0.61% Fe2O3. The titanium dioxide concentrate prepared with hydrochloric acid, having acicular texture and by means of elongated separate particles; has less impurities than the one produced by sulfuric acid. The results demonstrate that hydrochloric acid dissolution of titanium slag and removing some impurities such as SiO2 and MgO provide a product with good quality is prepared which is suitable as raw material for TiO2 pigment production through the chloride process.
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
425--439
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 25 poz., fig, tab.
Twórcy
autor
autor
- Department of Mining and Metallurgical Eng., Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, iranajad@aut.ac.ir
Bibliografia
- 1. EL-HAZEK N., LASHEEN T.A., EL-SHEIKH R., ZAKI SALAH A., 2007. Hydrometallurgical criteria for TiO2 leaching from Rosetta ilmenite by hydrochloric acid, Hydrometallurgy 87, 45–50.
- 2. GUEGUINA M. and CARDARELLI F., 2007. Chemistry and mineralogy of titanium-rich slags. Part 1. hemo-ilmenite, sulphate, and upgrading titanium slags, Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 28, 1–58.
- 3. IRANNAJAD, M., 2002. Mineral Processing Studies of Iranian Titanomagnetites Case Study: the Qara-aghaj Titanium Ore, Report of investigation, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
- 4. IRANNAJAD, M., 1990. Pilot Plant Flowsheet Development of the Kahnooj Titanium Ore Deposit, Report of investigation, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (In Farsi).
- 5. IRANNAJAD, M. and MEHDILO, A., 2007. Laboratory-Based Flowsheet Development of Iranian Ilmenite Upgrading, 20th International Mining Congress and exhibition of Turkey IMCET.
- 6. IRANNAJAD, M., MEHDILO, A., 2004. Concentration of Iranian Titanium Ore by Physical Methods, 2nd International Gravity Concentration Symposium (Gravity 04), Perth, Australia.
- 7. IRANNAJAD M., MONTAJAM M., 2005. Upgrading of Ilmenite Concentrate from Uromieh Qara Aghaj by Smelting, 1st Iranian Mining Engineering Conference, 2-5 February, Tehran, Iran (In Farsi)
- 8. KAMALA K. S., THOMAS C. A., DEVABRATA M., ARCHANA A., 2006. An overview on the production of pigment grade titanium from titanium-rich slag, Waste Management & Research 24, 74–79.
- 9. LASHEEN T. A., 2009. Sulfate digestion process for high purity TiO2 from titanium slag, Front. Chem. Eng. China 3, 155–160.
- 10. LASHEEN T. A., 2008. Soda ash roasting of titanium slag product from Rosetta ilmenite, Hydrometallurgy 93, 124–128.
- 11. LASHEEN T.A.I., 2004. Chemical beneficiation of Rosetta ilmenite by direct reduction leaching, Hydrometallurgy 76, 123–129.
- 12. LI C., LIANG B., WANG H. Y., 2008, Preparation of synthetic rutile by hydrochloric acid leaching of mechanically activated Panzhihua ilmenite. Hydrometallurgy 91, 121–129.
- 13. MAHMOUD M.H.H., AFIFI A.A.I., IBRAHIM I.A., 2004. Reductive leaching of ilmenite ore in hydrochloric acid for preparation of synthetic rutile, Hydrometallurgy 73, 99-109.
- 14. MEHDILO A. and IRANNAJAD M., 2010. Applied Mineralogical Studies on Iranian Hard Rock Titanium Deposit, Journal of Minerals & Materials Characterization & Engineering 9 (3), 247–262.
- 15. MEHDILO A., IRANNAJAD M., 2006, Production of TiO2 Pigment from Iranian Titanium Recourses, Iran Surface Coatings Magazine 15, 16–22. (In Farsi)
- 16. MEHDILO A., IRANNAJAD M. and SHAFAEI S. Z., 2006. Investigation about TiO2 Pigment Production from ilmenite concentrate of Qarah-aghaj titanium deposit, 1st international & 2nd national conference on color science and technology, 2-5 January, 2006. Tehran, Iran.
- 17. MEHDILO, A., 2003. Mineral Processing Studies of the Qara-aghaj Titanium Ore by Physical Methods, MSc Thesis, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. (In Farsi)
- 18. NAYL A.A., AWWARD N.S., ALY H.F., 2009a. Kinetics of acid leaching of ilmenite decomposed by KOH Part 2. Leaching by H2SO4 and C2H2O4, Journal of Hazardous Materials168, 793–799.
- 19. NAYL A.A., ISMAIL I.M. and ALY H.F., 2009b. Ammonium hydroxide decomposition of ilmenite slag, Hydrometallurgy 98, 196–200.
- 20. OLANIPEKUN E., 1999, A kinetic study of the leaching of a Nigerian ilmenite ore by hydrochloric acid, Hydrometallurgy, 53, 1–10.
- 21. SAMALA S., MOHAPATRA B.K., MUKHERJEE P.S. and CHATTERJEE S.K., 2009. Integrated XRD, EPMA and XRF study of ilmenite and titanium slag used in pigment production, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 474, 484–489.
- 22. SASIKUMAR C., RAO D.S., SRIKANTH S., MUKHOPADHYAY N.K., MEHROTRA S.P., 2007. Dissolution studies of mechanically activated manavalakurichi ilmenite with HCl and H2SO4, Hydrometallurgy 88, 154–169.
- 23. ZHANG S. and NICOL M. J., 2009. An electrochemical study of the reduction and dissolution of ilmenite in sulfuric acid solutions, Hydrometallurgy, 97, 146–152.
- 24. ZHANG S. and NICOL M. J., 2010. Kinetics of the dissolution of ilmenite in sulfuric acid solutions under reducing conditions, Hydrometallurgy 103, 196–204.
- 25. ZHANG Y., TAO Q., ZHANG Y., 2009. A novel preparation of titanium dioxide from titanium slag, Hydrometallurgy, 96, 52–56.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT1-0043-0082