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Assay of the Insensitive High Explosive FOX-7 by Non-Aqueous Titration

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
A non-aqueous titration method was developed to assay the insensitive high explosive 1,1-diamino-2, 2-dinitroethene (FOX-7). The weak acidic nature of FOX-7 (pKa 10.6) was exploited in the assay method. The sample was dissolved in the protophilic solvent N, N-dimethylformamide and titrated against sodium methoxide solution in benzene/methanol using azo violet as indicator. FOX-7 samples obtained from regular batch operations were assayed by this method and the results were compared with that of a recrystallized sample. The method is simple, rapid and has good accuracy and precision.
Rocznik
Strony
343--352
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 20 poz.
Twórcy
autor
autor
autor
autor
  • High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering & Pilot Plant Division, Sutarwadi, Pune-411021, India, nandi.ak@hemrl.drdo.in
Bibliografia
  • [1] Latypov N.V., Bergman J., Langlet A., Wellmar U., Bemm U., Synthesis and Reactions of 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethene, Tetrahedron, 1998, 54, 11525-11536.
  • [2] Östmark H., Bergman H., Bemm U., Goede P., Holingren E., Johansson M., Langlet A., Latypov N.V., Pettersson A., Petterson M.L., Wingborg N., Vorde C., Stenmark H., Karlsson L., Hihkio M., 2,2-Dinitroethene-1,1-diamine (FOX-7) − Properties, Analysis and Scale Up, 32nd Int. Annual Conference of ICT, Karlsruhe, July 3-6, 2001, 26-1/26-21.
  • [3] Latypov N.V., Johansson M., Holingren E., Sizova E.V., Sizov V.V., Bellamy A.J., On the Synthesis of 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7) by Nitration of 4,6-Dihydroxy-2-methylpyrimidine, Org. Process Res. & Dev., 2007, 11, 56-59.
  • [4] Mandal A.K., Sutar V.B., Narasimhan V.L., Thermal Hazard Evaluation of 2-Methyl-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine Nitration by Calorimetric Studies, 6th Int. High Energy Materials Conference & Exhibition, Chennai, India, December 13-15, 2007.
  • [5] Mandal A.K., Sahu S.K., Jadhav V.V., Narasimhan V.L., Reaction Kinetics and Process Optimization of Nitration of 2-Methyl-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine, 7th Int. Autumn Seminar on Propellent, Explosives & Pyrotechnics, Xi’an, China, October 23-26, 2007.
  • [6] Mandal A.K., Kulkarni G.J., Sutar V.B., Panday R.K., Process Optimization and Kinetics of Hydrolysis for 2-Dinitromethylene-5,5-dinitropyridinedione to Prepare FOX-7, 7th Int. High Energy Materials Conference & Exhibition, Pune, India, December 8-10, 2009.
  • [7] Lochert. I., FOX-7 – A New Insensitive Explosive, DSTO Report No DSTO-TR-1054, 2001.
  • [8] Östmark H, Langlet A., Bergman H., Wingborg U., Wellmar U., Bemm U., FOX-7, A New Explosive with Low Sensitivity and High Performance, 11th Int. Symposium on Detonation Office of Naval Research, Department of Navy, Washington, DC, USA, 1998.
  • [9] Kempa P.B., Herrmann M., Molina Metzger F.J., Thome V., Phase Transition of FOX-7 Studied by X-ray Diffraction and Thermal Analysis, 35th Int. Annual Conference of ICT, Karlsruhe, June 28-July 3, 2004, 71-1/71-4.
  • [10] Wild Ronald, Teipel Ulrich, Characterisation and explosive properties of FOX-7, 35th Int. Annual Conference of ICT, Karlsruhe, June 28-July 3, 2004, 69-1/69-9.
  • [11] Ticmanis U., Kaiser M., Pantel G., Fuhr I. , Teipel U. , Kinetics and chemistry of thermal decomposition of FOX-7, 35th Int. Annual Conference of ICT, Karlsruhe, June 28-July 3, 2004, 70-1/70-13.
  • [12] Panday R.K., Mandal A.K., Jadhav V.V., Velan U.T., Sutar V.B., Scale-up of the Process for Preparation of FOX-7, High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Sutarwadi, Pune, India, Final Technical Report No. 5/2010, 2010.
  • [13] Holingren E., Goede P., Latypov N., Crescensi C., Carlsson H., Porous Graphite Column (PGC) − A Convenient Column Packing Material for HPLC Analysis of FOX-7, 32th Int. Annual Conference of ICT, Karlsruhe, June 24-27, 2001, 119-1/119-8.
  • [14] Holingren E., Carlsson H., Goede P., Latypov N., Characterization of FOX-7, Its Precursors and Possible Byproducts, 34th Int. Annual Conference of ICT, Karlsruhe, June 24-27, 2003, 107-1/107-11.
  • [15] Buszewski B., Michel M., Cudziło S., Chyłek Z., High Performance Liquid Chromatography of 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethene and some Intermediate Products of Its Synthesis, J. Hazard. Mater., 2009, 164(2-3), 1051-1058.
  • [16] Błądek J. Pietrzyk S., Cudziło S., Chyłek Z., Application of Thin Layer Chromatography for Monitoring of FOX-7 Synthesis, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2009, 34(4), 321-325.
  • [17] Vogel Arthur I., Elementary Practical Organic Chemistry, Part III, Quantitative Organic Analysis, 1st Indian ed., CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi, ch. XV and XVIII, 1987, 663-675 and 687.
  • [18] Sandberg C., Latypov N.V., Goede P., Tryman R., Bellamy A.J., Acid-base Characteristics of FOX-7 and Its Mono-hydrazo Analogue, New Trends Res. Energ. Mater., Proc. Semin., 5th, Pardubice, June 19-21, 2002, 292-299.
  • [19] Teipel U., Furh I., Harlieb K., Kjellstrom A., Eldsater C., Crystallization of 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7), 34th Int. Annual Conference of ICT, Karlsruhe, June 24-27, 2004, 51-1/51-11.
  • [20] Nandi A.K., Paramasivan P., Sonawane S.H., Mandal A.K., Manual F., Aglawe S.C., Soman T., Sikdar A.K., Provisional Specification for 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7), Document No. HEMRL/CEPP-EMR/PS/FOX-7, High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Sutarwadi, Pune, 24th March, 2009.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT1-0043-0036
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