PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
Tytuł artykułu

Fortifcation of W/O Emulsions by Demilitarized Explosives. Part I. Use of TNT

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
This paper presents a study of the relationship between detonation velocities, D, and relative explosive strength (RS) of fortifed W/O emulsion explosives, on the one hand, and the grain size and quality of the demilitarized TNT used for this fortifcation, on the other. It has been found that demilitarized TNT having a grain size below 400 μm could give acceptable results both in terms of initiation and detonation velocity and the RS values. Demilitarized TNT, however, is not a reliable sensitizer even in a micronized state, and therefore using TNT necessitates simultaneous sensitizing of the fnal W/O explosive with microballoons and it has no signifcantly better infuence on the performance of the resulting explosives. The small-scale cook-off test of such a W/O mixture fortifed by 50% by wt. of TNT has shown that such a mixture is a relatively safe explosive.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
193--207
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 29 poz.
Twórcy
autor
autor
autor
autor
autor
Bibliografia
  • [1] Apolenis A.V., Aleshkina E.I., Annikov V.E., Kozak G.D., Explosion Hazard of Water Gel-Like Systems on a Base of High Explosives, in: Proc. 9th Seminar NTREM, (J. Ottis, M. Krupka Eds.), Univ. of Pardubice, 2006, pp. 464-472.
  • [2] Matseevich B., Commercial Explosives on the Base of Removed Energetic Condensed Systems, in: Application of Demilitarized Gun and Rocket Propellants in Commercial Explosives, (O. Machacek Ed.), Kluwer Acad. Publs., Dordrecht, 2000, pp. 7-16.
  • [3] Maranda A., Lipińska K., Lipiński M., Analysis of Possibility of Waste Energetic Material Application in Mining Blasting Agents, Proc. 5th Seminar NTREM, Univ. of Pardubice, 2002, pp. 146-150.
  • [4] Mendoca M., Campos J., Gois J., Aqueous Emulsion Explosive with TNT, Proc. 27th Int. Ann. Conf. ICT., Karlsruhe , 1996, pp. 56/1-56/13.
  • [5] Mendoca M., Plaksin I., Gois J., Detonation Behavior of Emulsion Explosive/TNT Mixtures, Proc. 28th Int. Ann. Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe,. 1997, pp. 90/1-90/11.
  • [6] Zeman S., Tamchyna V., Applications of Demilitarized Energetic Materials, Scientific Papers of University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chem. Technology, Series A, 2004, 10, 271-277.
  • [7] Zeman S., Tamchyna V., Some Applications of Demilitarized Energetic Materials, in: Third World Conference on Explosives & Blasting Technique, EFEE, (R. Holmberg Ed.), Brighton, 2005, pp. 499-503.
  • [8] Kohlíček P., Jakubček E., Zeman S., Some Aspects of the Application of Small Perforated Powders in the Emulsion Explosives, in: Application of Demilitarized Gun and Rocket Propellants in Commercial Explosives, (O. Machacek Ed.), NATO Sci. Series II: Mathematical and Physical Chemistry – Vol. 3, Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht, 2000, pp. 59-71.
  • [9] Kohlíček P., Detonation Characteristics of the Emulsion Explosives, PhD. Thesis, Univ. of Pardubice, 2001.
  • [10] Zeman S., Kohlíček P., Maranda A., Study of Chemical Micro-Mechanism Governing Detonation Initiation of Condensed Explosive Mixtures by Means of Differential Thermal Analysis, Thermochimica Acta, 2003, 398, 185-194.
  • [11] Krupka M., Devices and Equipments for Testing of Energetic Materials, in:, Proc. 4th Seminar NTREM, (J. Vágenknecht Ed.) Univ. Pardubice, April 2001, p. 222.
  • [12] Kissinger H.E., Reaction Kinetics in Differential Thermal Analysis, Anal. Chem., 1975, 29, 1702-1708.
  • [13] Notice of Czech Mining Authority No. 246/1996 of Law Collect, Establishing More Detailed Conditions for Allowing Explosives, Explosive Objects and Aids Into Use, and Their Testing, Aug. 13th, 1996, pp. 3200-3208.
  • [14] M. Sućeska, Test Methods for Explosives, Springer, Heideleberg, 1995.
  • [15] Mareček R., Šelešovský J., Majzlík J., Development of Slow Cook-off Set-up, in: Theory & Practice of Energetic Materials, (Huang Ping, Wang Yajun, Li Sengcai Eds.), Vol. IX, Int. Autumn Seminar on Propellants, Explosives and Pyrotechnics, Nanjing, China, Sept. 2011.
  • [16] Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Manual of Tests and Criteria, Third revised edition, United Nations, 1999.
  • [17] STANAG 4491: Explosives, Thermal Sensitiveness and Explosiveness Tests, NATO, Aug. 2002.
  • [18] Sućeska M., Calculation of Detonation Parameters by EXPLO5 Computer Program, Materials Science Forum 465-466 (Explosion, Shock Wave and Hypervelocity Phenomena in Materials), 2004, 325-330.
  • [19] European Standard EN 13631-15: Explosives for Civil use – High Explosives – Part 15: Calculation of the Thermodynamic Properties, 2005.
  • [20] Grys S., Trzciński W.A., ZMWCyw – A Code for Calculations of Thermodynamic Properties of Explosives for Civil Use According to a Standard PN-EN 13631-15, User’s Manual (in Polish), Warsaw, 2010.
  • [21] Grys S., Trzcinski W.A., Calculation of Thermodynamic Properties of Explosives for Civil Use (in Polish), Przegląd Górniczy, 2010, 11, 118-125.
  • [22] Wilkinson J., Watt D., Review of Demilitarization and Disposal Techniques for Munitions and Related Materials, Report, Munition Safety Inf. Analysis Centre (MSIAC), NATO Hedaquarters, Brussels, Belgium, 2006.
  • [23] Ford R.T., Hendrickson K.A., de Nevers C.C., Thermal Analysis of Reclaimed Tritonal Explosive, CPIA Publ., 657 (1997 JANNAF Propulsion Systems Hazards Subcom. Meeting, Vol. 1), 1997, 101-108.
  • [24] Mainiero R.J., Miron Y., Kwak S.S.W., Kopera L.H., Wheeler J.Q., Impact, Thermal and Shock Sensitivity of Molten TNT and of Asphalt-Contaminated Molten TNT, in: Proc. 22nd Ann. Conf. Explosives & Blasting Technique, Orlando, 1996.
  • [25] Němčák O., Hanus M., Compatibility of TNT, RDX and PETN with the Corrosion Products of Common Metals, in: Proc. 10th Symp. Chem. Probl. Connected Stabil. Explos., (J. Hansson Ed.), Margretetrop, Sweden, 1996, pp. 187-204.
  • [26] Cook M.A., The Science of Industrial Explosives, IRECO Chemicals, Salt Lake City, Utah, 1974.
  • [27] Pągowski W., Subocz B., Ballistic mortar, Biul. Inst. Przemysłu Org. (in Polish), Warsaw, 1971, No. 2, 17-19.
  • [28] Buczkowski D., Trzciński W.A., Zygmunt B., Study of the Properties of ANFO by Means of Cylinder Test and Ballistic Mortar, Scientific Papers of GIG “Mining & Environment”, Central Mining Inst., Katowice, Oct. 2006, p. 77.
  • [29] Leiper G.A., The Behavior of Non-Ideal Explosives in the Ballistic Mortar, J. Energ. Mater., 1989, 7, 381-404.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT1-0040-0018
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.