The Relationship between Shock Sensitivity and Morphology in Granular RDX

• Autorzy: Czerski H. , Proud W. G. , Field J. E.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

It is known that batches of the secondary explosive RDX from different manufacturers show significant variation in their shock sensitivity. No obvious correlation between shock sensitivity and either chemical composition or morphology has previous been identified which explains this. We use a range of techniques to study the microstructure of RDX crystals and the bulk morphology of granular beds in order to assess which hotspot mechanisms tend to be dominant. Crystals were characterized using mercury porosimetry, environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and optical microscopy. This range of methods yields quantitative and qualitative data on internal void size and number and surface structure. Shock sensitivity is quantified using small-scale gap tests, and this demonstrates the clear differences in sensitivity between batches from different manufacturers. The samples used are from three manufacturers, produced by both the Woolwich and Bachmann processes, and all have an average particle size of approximately 1200 μRDXm.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

RDX; gap tests; sensitivity; morphology

• Czasopismo: Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
• Rocznik: 2006
• Tom: Vol. 3, nr 3
• Strony: 3--13
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 12 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Czerski H.

autor

Proud W. G.

autor

Field J. E.

• PCS Group, Cavendish Laboratory, J.J. Thomson Avenue ; Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK,

Bibliografia

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• [2] Bowden F. P., Yoffe A. D., Initation and Growth of Explosion in Liquids and Solids, Cambridge University Press, London 1952.
• [3] Peugeot F., Watt D., RS-RDX, Literature Review and Discussions, NIMIC report, 2004.
• [4] Nesterenko V. F., Dynamics of Heterogeneous Materials, Springer Series, High Pressure Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, 2001.
• [5] Borne L., Explosive Crystal Microstructure and Shock Sensitivity of Cast Formulations, 11th Detonation Symposium, 1998, p. 657-663.
• [6] Borne L., Beaucamp A., Effects of Explosive Crystal Internal Defects on Projectile Impact Initiation, 12th Detonation Symposium, 2002, p. 35.
• [7] Moulard H., Kury J. W., Delclos A., The Effect of RDX Particle Size on the Shock Sensitivity of Cast PBX Formuations, 8th Detonation Symposium, 1986.
• [8] Borne L., Patedoye J., Quantitative Characterization of Internal Defects in RDX Crystals, Propellants, Explos., Pyrotech., 1999, 24, 255-259.
• [9] Field J. E., Bourne N. K., Palmer S. J. P., Walley S. M., Smallwood J. M., Hotspot Ignition Mechanisms for Explosive and Propellants, Proceedings of the Royal Society Series A, 339(1654): 269-283 May 15,1992,
• [10] Chakravaty A., Gifford M. J., Greenaway M. W., Proud W. G., Field J. E., Factors Affecting Shock Sensitivity of Energetic Materials, Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, 2001, 1007-1010.
• [11] Czerski H., Greenaway M. W., Proud W, G, Field J. E., Links between the Morphology of RDX Crystals and their Shock Sensitivity, ibid, 2006.
• [12] Czerski H., Proud W. G. Field J. E., Aspects of Material Insensitivity, Submitted to Insensitive Munitions & Energetic Materials Technology Symposium, Bristol 2006.