Zapobieganie łuszczeniu powierzchni betonowych przy użyciu nawilżonego kruszywa lekkiego Cz. I - Stan wiedzy

• Autorzy: Jóźwiak-Niedźwiedzka D.

Warianty tytułu

EN

The counteracting of the concrete scaling problem by means of pre-wetted lightweight aggregate Part l - State of the art

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

W pracy naszkicowano aktualny stan wiedzy na temat mechanizmów, powodujących powierzchniowe łuszczenie betonów. Uzupełniając opis zjawisk powierzchniowych przytoczono również podstawowe hipotezy, dotyczące wewnętrznej destrukcji betonu, spowodowanej działaniem mrozu, a także przedstawiono podstawy koncepcji zastosowania "inteligentnego" materiału, tj. nawilżonych drobnych frakcji kruszywa lekkiego jako alternatywy w stosunku do tradycyjnych środków napowietrzających. Ponadto, opisano rodzaje porów występujących w betonie oraz sposób ich wypełnienia przez wodę.

EN

The paper reviews the phenomenon of damage of the concrete surface - scaling - due to cyclic freezing and thawing in the presence of de-icing salts. A possibility to replace air-entraining admixtures by other techniques is considered.The main kinds of air pores in the concrete and the process of water filling and freezing of water inside the porę structure arę described. A review of publications concerning the mechanism of both internal and external deteriorations of concrete structure due to cyclic freezing and thawing is presented. The next part is devoted to characterisation of concrete with regard to scaling phenomenon.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

łuszczenie betonów; zjawiska powierzchniowe; kruszywo lekkie; nawilżanie

• Wydawca: Instytut Badawczy Dróg i Mostów
• Czasopismo: Drogi i Mosty
• Rocznik: 2006
• Tom: nr 2
• Strony: 37--54
• Opis fizyczny: bibliogr. 34 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Jóźwiak-Niedźwiedzka D.

• Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki PAN, Warszawa

Bibliografia

• [l] BrandtA. M.: Struktury materiałów kompozytowych o cementowej matrycy. DROGI i MOSTY, nr 3/2003, 43-72
• [2] Powers T. C.: The air requirement of frost-resistant concrete. Highway Research Board. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting 29, 184-211, 1949
• [3] Krenkler K.: Chemie des Bauwesens. Band l, Springer, Berlin 1980
• [4] Aitcin P. C.: The influence of the spacing factor on the freeze-thaw durability of high-performance concrete. Intemational Symposium on High-Performance and Reactive Powder Concretes, Universite de Sherbrooke, August 16-20, 1998, 419-433
• [5] Marchand J., Sellevold E. J., Pigeon M.: The Deicer Salt Scaling Deterioration of Concrete - an Overview. American Concrete Institute, SP 145-1, 1-46
• [6] Pigeon M.: Frost resistance. A critical look, ACI SP 145-7, 1994
• [7] Powers T. C, Brownyard T.L.: Studies ofthe physical properties of hardened portland cement paste. JACI, 18, 934-969, 1946
• [8] Wawrzeńczyk J.: Diagnostyka mrozoodpomości betonu cementowego. Monografie, studia, rozprawy, Politechnika Świętokrzyska, 32, Kielce 2002
• [9] Powers T. C., Helmuth R.A.: Theory of Volume Changes in Hardened Portland-Cement Paste during Freezing. Proceedings Highway Research Board 32, PCA Buli 46, 1953,285-297
• [10] Litvan G.G.: Frost Action in Cement Paste. Materiaux et Constructions, 6, 34, 1973, 293-298
• [11] Litvan G.G.: Pore Structure and Frost Susceptibility of Building Materials. RILEM Symposium, Prague 1976, 139-144
• [12] Litvan G.G.: Reply to S. Chatterji's Discussion on „Frost Action in Cement in the Presence of De-icers". Cement and Concrete Research, 7, 1977
• [13] SetzerM. J.: The micro ice lens pump - a new sight offrost attack and frost testing. Proceedings Third Intemational Conference on Concrete Under Severe Conditions, Edited by N. Banthia, k. Sakai and O. E. Gjorv, The University of British Columbia, Canada, Vancouver 2001, CD, 428-438
• [14] Fagerlund G.: The Intemational Cooperative Test ofthe critical degree of saturation Method of Assessing the Freeze/Thaw Resistance of Concrete, Mater. Constr., 10, 58,1977,230-251
• [15] Fagerlund G.: Trwałość konstrukcji betonowych. Arkady, Warszawa 1997
• [16] Durable concerte structures CEB Designe Guide. Comite Euro-Intemational du Beton, Bulletin d'information, 182, juin 1989
• [17] Method for Test ofthe Frost Resistance of High Performance Concrete. State of Art, HETEK, Vejdirektoratet Kopenhavn, Report No. 55, 1996
• [18] Arnfelt H.: Damage on concrete Pavements by Wintertime Salt Treatment. Meddelande 66, Statens Vaginstitut, Stockholm 1943
• [19] Verbeck G.J„ Klieger P.: Studies of salt scaling of concrete. Research and development Laboratories of the Portland Cement Association, Research Department, Bulletin 83, January 1956
• [20] Fagerlund G.: Studies of the destruction mechanisms at freezing of porous materials. Proc. VI Intern. Congress on the Problems Raised by Frost Action, Le Havre, France, 1975,166-196
• [21] MacInnis C., Whiting J.D.: The frost resistance of concrete subjected to a deicing agent. Cement Concrete Research, 9, 1979, 325-336
• [22] Mather B.: Concretes need not deteriorate. Concrete Intemational, l, 9,1979,32-70
• [23] Rösli A., Harnik A.B.: Improving the durability of concrete to freezing and deicing salts. American Society for Testing and Materials, 1980, 464-473
• [24] Pűhringer J.: Deterioration of materials by hydraulic pressure in salt water systems outline model. Proc. 8 Intemational Congress on deterioration and conservation of stone, Berlin 1996
• [25] Fagerlund G.: The niture structural stability of concrete structures exposed to frost Third Intemational Conference on Concrete Under Severe Conditions, Edited by N. Banthia, K. Sakai and O.E. Gjørv, The University of British Columbia, Canada, Van-couver 2001
• [26] Campbell R.H., Tobin R.E.: Core and cylinder strengths of natural and lightweight concrete. ACI Joumal, 64(4), 1967, 190-195
• [27] Philleo R.: Concrete Science and reality. Materials Science of concrete II, Eds. J.P. Skalny and S. Mindess, American Ceramic Society, 1-8, USA, OH, Westerville 1991
• [28] Hammer T.A.: High strength LWA concrete with silica fume - effect of water content in the LWA on mechanical properties. Supplementary Papers in the 4th CANMET/ACI INT. Conf. On Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete, 314-330, Turkey, Istanbul 1992
• [29] Vaysburd AM.: Durability of Lightweight Concrete bridges in severe environments. Concrete Intemational 18(7), 1996, 33-38
• [30] Weber S., Reinhardt H. W.: Improved Durability of High-Strength Concrete Due to Autogenous Curing. Durability of Concrete, Proceedings ofFourth CANMET/ACI Intemational Conference, Sydney l997, 93-121
• [31] Zhutovsky S., Kovler K., Bentur A.: Efficiency of lightweight aggregate for intemal curing of high strength concrete to eliminate autogenous shrinkage. Materials and Structures, 52, March 2002, 97-101
• [32] Laura P., Jensen O.M., Igarashi S.L: Measurements of intemal water curing and of its consequences. RILEM, TC-196 ICC, raport wewnętrzny, marzec 2004
• [33] Kucharska L.: W/C - wskaźnik wpływu warstwy przejściowej na właściwości mechaniczne betonów zwykłych i WWB i ich podział. Cement Wapno Beton, 2, 1999, 39-45
• [34] Hoff G. C.: The use of lightweight fines for the intemal curing ofconcrete, prepared forNortheast Solite Corporation. HoffConsulting LLC, RILEM, TC-196 ICC, raport wewnętrzny, August 2002