Aspekty immunologiczne terapii fotodynamicznej

• Autorzy: Kawczyk-Krupka A. , Czuba Z. , Latos W. , Mertas A. , Król W. , Simon-Sieroń M. , Sieroń A.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Immunological features of photodynamic therapy

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Terapia fotodynamiczna (photodynamic therapy - PDT) jest metodą leczenia wybranych (przede wszystkim wczesnych) nowotworów i stanów przednowotworowych. Istotą tej metody jest selektywne niszczenie zmienionych chorobowo tkanek poprzez zadziałanie na nie światła laserowego o ściśle określonej długości fali. Zjawisko to umożliwia substancja - fotouczulacz, wychwytywana przez chorobowo zmienioną tkankę. Standardowo stosowanymi fouczulaczami są porfiryny, które są komponentą hemoglobiny. Działanie fotodynamiczne wywołuje trzy typy reakcji w naświetlanej tkance: bezpośredni efekt cytotoksyczny, pośredni efekt cytotoksyczny przez okluzję naczyń krwionośnych oraz wtórne działanie immunostymulujące i prozapalne. Spośród wymienionych sposobów działania, efekt immunostymulujący wydaje się być unikalny, zważywszy, że zarówno chemio- jak i radioterapia powodują upośledzenie funkcji układu immunologicznego. Wiele prac doświadczalnych wykazało, iż w trakcie terapii fotodynamicznej dochodzi do mobilizacji komórek immunokompetentnych: nacieku limfocytów, neutrofili, makrofagów, co wskazuje na aktywację procesu zapalnego. Mediatorami tego procesu są substancje wazoaktywne, składniki C3 dopełniacza, białka ostrej fazy, proteinazy, peroksydazy, reaktywne formy tlenu, cytokiny, czynniki wzrostu oraz inne substancje biorące udział w odpowiedzi immunologicznej. Podkreśla się, iż immunomodulacyjny efekt terapii fotodynamicznej związany jest także z wpływem na angiogenezę i aktywność metastatyczną komórek nowotworowych.

EN

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-known method for the selective, non-invasive and effective treatment of precancerous and cancerous lesions due to the activation of photobiochemical processes that cause cytotoxicity. PDT is based on mutual reactions between laser irradiation and photosensitizers that accumulate in tissues and result in selective damage of pathological tissues. The anticancer effect of PDT is due to three main mechanisms. First, PDT is cytotoxic, with both necrotic and apoptotic effects. Second, PDT leads to the occlusion of blood and lymphatic vessels of the tumor. Third, PDT is associated with the modulation of immune and inflammatory responses. In addition to these mechanisms of cell death, there is a variety of events that occur during PDT that lead to and magnify the inactivation of tumor cells. Many studies have reported the infiltration of lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages into PDT-treated tissue, indicating activation of the immune response. The inflammatory process is mediated by factors such as vasoactive substances, components of the complement and clotting cascades, acute phase proteins, proteinases, peroxidases, reactive oxygen species, leukocyte chemoattractants, cytokines, growth factors and other immunoregulators. It is possible that immunomodulatory mechanisms of PDT could also influence angiogenesis and the invasiveness of tumor cells.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

terapia fotodynamiczna; immunoterapia; immunoregulatory

EN

phytpdunamic therapy; immunotherapy; immunoregulators

• Wydawca: Górnośląska Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna im. Kardynała Augusta Hlonda
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecology and Health
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: R. 14, nr 6
• Strony: 284--290
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 32 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Kawczyk-Krupka A.

autor

Czuba Z.

autor

Latos W.

autor

Mertas A.

autor

Król W.

autor

Simon-Sieroń M.

autor

Sieroń A.

• Ośrodek Diagnostyki i Terapii Laserowej, Katedra i Klinika Chorób Wewnętrznych, Angiologii i Medycyny Fizykalnej, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny

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