Kartografia w Internecie

• Autorzy: Mroczkiewicz H. , Pizoń M.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Cartography on the Internet

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Artykuł zawiera, poza krótką historią Internetu i wyjaśnieniem podstawowych pojęć z nim związanych, przegląd kartograficznych zasobów tego medium oraz podstawowych technik umożliwiających prezentowanie opracowań kartograficznych w sieci.

EN

Although the origin of the Internet dates back to the 1960s, it was not until 1990 that this medium started developing rapidly, which is a result of the existence of uniform transmission protocols and also of the advancement in the global communication technology. The Internet allow its users to communicate effectively (e-mail), to send computer data over large distances, to work on remote computers in a network (telnet), and what is most popular, it provides access to data stored on servers. Cartography plays an important role in the world's Internet resources. Owing to the specific way in which online maps function, they are referred to as "geoimages". The following categories of cartographic representation can be discerned, basing on their interactivity and dynamics: - Static View-Only (decorative elements of www sites, mobile phone coverage maps, maps illustrating various publication, advertisements of maps available in online stores etc.), - Static Interactive (maps used as base to include hyperlinks, maps of regions and city maps containing hotspots, geographic atlases with the selection of geographic areas and map themes), - Dynamic View-Only (weather maps, animations showing spatial distribution of selected phenomena e.g. temperature shown on a rotating globe, - Dynamic Interactive (city maps with hyperlinks to additional information on objects). In orded to include a map on a www site it is sufficient to be familiar with the HTML. It allows including a map in the form of a raster graphic image or a simple animation. However, in order to make certain elememts of a map active, it is necessary to use the DHML or JavaScript. In the case of interactive maps the CGI interface must be used. It enables the communication netween the user and the map server, which is essential to customize the map content. The application of Java apples, which activate in the users' servers, is a very popular way of distributing more complex interactive presentations. The VRML is considered to be the most advanced technology available. Apart from the map presentations, the Internet can also be used for accessing information on scientific events, library resources, new publications etc. Owing to the popularity of the Net, many vendors distributing data over the Internet try to secure their data from the unauthorized use and piracy, which can be done either by limiting the access to data or by marking the maps with their logo.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

kartografia; Internet

EN

cartography; internet

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne. Oddział Kartograficzny
• Czasopismo: Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
• Rocznik: 2000
• Tom: T. 32, nr 2
• Strony: 118--128
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 40 poz., il., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Mroczkiewicz H.

• Warszawa

autor

Pizoń M.

• Warszawa

Bibliografia

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• URL:
• URI 1 - CyberAtlas - http://cyber.atlas.internet.com
• URL 2 - Era GSM - http://www.era.gsm.pl/zasieg/zasieg.asp
• URL 3 - „American Memory" Biblioteki Kongresu USA - http://memory.loc.gov/
• URL 4 - Europe’s Environment: The Dobris Assessment - http://themes.eea.eu.int/toc.php/improvement/information?doc=36072&I=en
• URL 5 - Polskie Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Kartograficznych im. E. Romera S.A. - http://www.ppwk.com.pl/
• URL 6 - UNEP/GRID-Warszawa - http://www.gridw.pl/
• URL 7 - Plus GSM - http://www.plusgsm.pl/zasieg/index.asp
• URL 8- Tiger Mapping Service - http://tiger.census.gov/cgi-bin/mapbrowse-tbl
• URL 9 - Map Machine - http://plasma.nationalgeographic.com/mapmachine/index.html
• URL 10 - Microsoft Terra Server - http://terraserver.microsoft.com/
• URL 11 - Xerox PARC Map Viewer http://pu bweb.parc.xerox.com/map
• URL 12 - NOAA Satellite Active Archive - http://www.saa.noaa.gov
• URL 13 - Interdyscyplinarne Centrum Modelowania Matematycznego i Komputerowego UW - http://meteo.icm.edu.pl/polish/weathfrcst/weatherforecast.html
• URL 14 - Virtual Dublin - http://www.dmc.dit.ie/guest/eirenet/eirenet/eirenet/sgithic.htm
• URL 15 - CartoApplet - http://www.geo.unizh.ch/-acecconi/CartoApplet/
• URL 16 - Net Ratings - http://www.mediamatrix.com
• URL 17 - ESRI - http://www.esri.com/
• URL 18 - ESRI Internet Mapping - http://maps.esri.com/
• URL 19 - Autodesk MapGuide http://www3.auto-desk.com/adsk/section/0„185123,00.html
• URL 20 - Katedra Kartografii Wydziału Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych - http://www.wgsr.uw.edu.pl/kartografia/
• URL 21 - Instytut Kartografii Politechniki Zurychskiej - http://www.karto.ethz.ch/
• URL 22 - Kartografie Universiteit Utrecht - http://cartography.geog.uu.nl/
• URL 23 - British Cartographic Society – http://www.cartography.org.uk/Pages/Publica.html
• URL 24 - Unitet States Census Bureau Gazetter - http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/gazetteer/