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X-ray investigations of PA6 in hybrid yarn composites
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Kompozyty poliamidu 6 (PA6) z włóknami szklanymi wytworzone zostały ze specjalnie zaprojektowanych przędz hybrydowych. Proces łączenia włókien wzmacniających i włókien termoplastycznych w przędze odbywał się trzema różnymi sposobami: frykcyjnego przędzenia, skręcania, teksturowania pneumatycznego. Uzyskane przędze różniły się strukturą i stopniem wymieszania włókien składowych, czego efektem były różne odległości między włóknami wzmacniającymi w kompozytach otrzymanych z tych przędz, różna impregnacja włókien stopionym termoplastem, a w konsekwencji różna budowa krystaliczna polimerowej osnowy. Badanie krystaliczności PA6, stanowiącego osnowę kompozytów wytworzonych z przędz hybrydowych o różnej strukturze, przeprowadzono metodą rentgenowską.
Polyamide 6 (PA6) glass fibres composites were manufactured from specially designed hybrid yarns. As thermoplastic materials, PA6 multifilament and staple polyamide fibres coated with the DT2 antielectrostatic preparation were used. The glass multifilament EC9 with an aminosilane preparation with dispersion of polyurethane resin was used as reinforcing material (Table 1). The hybrid yarns were produced by three different spinning systems: friction spinning, ring twisting and pneumatic texturing (4) Each of these systems gives a different structure of the yarn and a different level of blending of the reinforcing and thermoplastic fibres (Figs. 1-3): -friction yarn - a core of yarn from reinforcing multifilaments and a braid from staple thermoplastic multifilaments, -twisted yarn - two multifilaments arranged parallel and twisted together, -pneumatic textured yarn - connected over the length of the multifilaments by shifting filament fibres of both components and forming loop structures in the yarn surface. It causes that distances between fibres in composites produced in the same press conditions are different (Figs. 4-6) and the impregnation of fibres by molten polymer is different. Consequently, a crystalline structure of polymeric matrix is different according to a structure of the used yarn. The different structure of the hybrid yarns leads to differences in the crystallinity of PA6 matrix in the composites. It influences on the mechanical properties of composites. With the increasing degree of crystallinity. the tensile strength, the stiffness, the modulus of resilience, the hardness of the polymer increases and the impact strength decreases [5]. The supermolecular structure of the polyamide matrix was analyzed by means of wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) using CuK(alpha) radiation. The X-ray diffraction pattern was recorded in angle rangę of 10-50°. Deconvolution of peaks was performed by the method proposed by Hindeleh and Johnson [7], improved and programmed by Rabiej [8]. The degree of crystallinity (Xc) by comparison of areas under crystalline peaks and amorphous curve was determined. The diffraction curves for investigated samples exhibit two crystalline peaks. The reflections at 24° and at 20,2° indicate a presence of the monoclinic alpha-crystal form [9, 10]. The highest degree of crystallinity of PA6 is for the composite from twisted yarn - 49%. For PA6 in the composites from friction and textured yarns the values of degree of crystallinity are smaller, 36 and 39% rcspcctively (Table 2).
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
332--336
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 10 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Politechnika Łódzka, Katedra Metrologii Włókienniczej, ul. Żeromskiego 116, 90-543 Łódź
autor
- Politechnika Łódzka, Katedra Metrologii Włókienniczej, ul. Żeromskiego 116, 90-543 Łódź
autor
- Politechnika Poznańska, Instytut Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej, pl. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 2, 60-965 Poznań
autor
- Politechnika Poznańska, Instytut Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej, pl. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 2, 60-965 Poznań
Bibliografia
- [1] Lauke B., Bunzel U., Schneider K., Effect of hybrid yarn structure on the delamination behaviour of thermoplastic composites, Composites: Part A 1998, 29A, 1397-1409.
- [2] Chen J.H., Schulz E., Bohse J., Hinrichsen G., Effect of fibre content on the interlaminar fracture toughness of unidirectional glass-fibre/polyamide composite, Composites: Part A 1999, 30, 747-755.
- [3] Demboski G., Bogoeva-Gaceva G., Properties of weft knitted composites affected by preform stretching, Applied Composite Materials 2001, 8, 371-384.
- [4] Krucińska I., Klata E., Ankudowicz W., Dopierała H., Influence of the structure of hybrid yarns on the mechanical properties of thermoplastic composites, Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe 2001, 9, 2, 38-41.
- [5] Albrecht W., Poliamidy, WNT, Warszawa 1964.
- [6] Vu-Khanh T., Frikha S., Influence of processing on morphology, interface, and delamination in PEEK/carbon composites, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 1999, 12, 84-95.
- [7] Hindeleh A.M., Johnson D.J., Polymer 1974, 15, 697.
- [8] Rabiej S., Eur. Polym. 1991, 27, 947.
- [9] Penel-Pierron L., Depecker C., Séguéla R., Lefebvre J.-M., Structural and mechanical behavior of nylon 6 films - part I: Identification and stability of the crystalline phases, Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 2001, 39, 484-495.
- [10] Vasanthan N., Salem D.R., FTIR spectroscopic characterization of structural changes in poyamide-6 fibres during annealing and drawing, Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 2001, 39, 536-547.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAR0-0010-0004