Geology and geomorphology as reasons for location of archaeological sites : Egypt

• Autorzy: Pawlikowski M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Geological investigation of archaeological sites conducted by the author from 1979 in a vast area from Upper Egypt up to the Delta are presented (Hierakonpolis, Armant, Qurna - Deir el-Bahari, el-Tarif, Fayum - Qasr el-Sagha, Tell el-Farkha) in the study. There are described general (united) geological profiles done on the basis of field observation of both archaeological and natural outcrops (a lot of archaeological as well as natural outcrops). Obtained data help to perform correlation of sediments between described sites and propose reconstruction of paleo-environment and climate conditions at the phase of Late Neolithic - Early Dynastic transition. The mentioned observation and reconstruction has led to conclusion, that at the phase of the transition climate was extremely dry. This dry climatic phase is the factor, that most probably constitute very difficult conditions for life and agriculture, which obligated the Egyptians to the reorganization of life, i.e. was the reason for creation of dynastic Egypt.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Egypt; geology; geomorhology

PL

Egipt; geologia; geomorfologia

• Wydawca: nakł. Maciej Pawlikowski
• Czasopismo: Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: nr 10
• Strony: 1--13
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 20 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Pawlikowski M.

• Cathedral of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, AGH-University of Science and Technology (Krakow), Cracow, Poland

Bibliografia

• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., Śliwa J., 1983 Qasr El Sagha. Prace Archeol. Ed. Jagiellonian University120 p.
• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., 1986 Results of field researches between Qurna and Armant, Upper Egypt. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ablaitung Kairo, v. 31, p. 230-256.
• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., 1987 Investigations into Site MA 6/83 and MA 21/83 in the region of Qurna-Armant in Upper Egypt. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ableintung Kairo. B. 43, p. 45-66.
• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Lityńska M., Pawlikowski M., 1988 Field report from the excavation of the site MA 21/83 and MA 21a/83 near Armant in Upper Egypt in 1986. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ablaitung Kairo. Band 44, p. 86-104.
• Pawlikowski M., 1993 Mineralogy of Nile sediments as an indicator of changes of climate: the Armant-Luxor area, Upper Egypt. Materials of Symp. Environmental change and human culture in Nile basin and northern Africa until second millennium B.C. Poznań, p. 355-357.
• Pawlikowski M., 1994a Geomorphology and geology of investigated area, In: B. Ginter, J.K. Kozłowski Predynastic settlements near Armant. Studien zur Archaol. und Geschichte Altagyptiens. Band 6, p. 3-6.
• Pawlikowski M., 1994b Results of investigations into soil morphology. Ibiden, p. 37-38.
• Pawlikowski M., 1994c Climatic changes during Holocene in the region of Armant., Ibiden, p. 125-132
• Pawlikowski M., 1994d The correlation between sediments of the Nile Valley in the region of Armant-Qurna and the sediments of Birket Quarun Lake in the region of Quasr El Sagha. Ibidem, p. 132-141.
• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K.,, Pawlikowski M., Śliwa J., , Kannerer-Grothaus H., 1998 Fruhe Keramik und Kleinfunde aus El Tarif. Archaeologische Veroffentlichungen no 40, 98 p
• Pawlikowski M.,2002a Results of preliminary mineralogical investigation of Tell el Farkha. Nile Delta. Egypt Materiały Int. Conf : Origin of the State. Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt. Cracow 28-31th September 2002 , p.59.
• Pawlikowski M. 2002b Reasons of Neolithic-Early Dynastic Transition in Egypt. Geological and climatic evidence. Materiały Int. Conf : Origin of the State. Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt. Cracow 28-31th September 2002, p 61.
• Pawlikowski M., 2005 Reasons for the predynastic-early dynastic transition in Egypt. Geological and climatic evidence. In: Hendrickx S., Friedman R.F., Cialowicz K., Chłodnicki M., Egypt and its origin . Leuven -Paris-Dudley, MA 2004, p. 919-923.
• Pawlikowski M., 2007a Sedimentary structures and mineralogy of Tell el-Farkha archaeological site (Nile Delta-Egypt. Abstract of Int. Symp. Prehistory of Northeastern Africa. New ideas and discoveries. Poznań 2-5.07.2007, p.16-17.
• Pawlikowski M., Wasilewski M., 2007 The geology of Tell el-Farkha site, Eastern Delta (Egypt). Abstract of Int. Symp. Prehistory of Northeastern Africa. New ideas and discoveries. Poznań 2-5.07.2007. p, 17-18.
• Chłodnicki M., Ciałowicz K.M. with collaboration of Abłamowicz R., Cichowski K., Dębowska-Ludwin J., Jucha M., Kabaciński J., Kaczmarek M., Pawlikowski M., Pryc G., Rewekant A., Skrzypczak M., Szejnoga P., Wasilewski M., 2008 Polish excavations at Tell el-Farkha (Ghazala) in the Nile Delta. Preliminary report 2004-2005. Archeologia LVII, 128 p.
• Pawlikowski M., 2007b Investigation of rocks present under and over Hatshepsut temple – Deir el Bahari – Upper Egypt. Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria. Z. 1, p. 37-44.
• Pawlikowski M., Such J., 2007c A mineralogical and geological examination of the salinity of soils, Nile Valley, Upper Egypt. Auxiliary sciences in archaeology, preservation of relicts and environmental engineering. CD -no 2, Ed. M Pawlikowski.
• Pawlikowski M., Such J., 2008 Mineralogical and geological investigation of Heraconpolis archaeological site. Upper Egypt Auxiliary sciences in archaeology, preservation of relicts and environmental engineering. CD -no 5, Ed. M Pawlikowski
• Pawlikowski M., 2009 Geological layers as indicator of tomb’s location (West Thebes – Upper Egypt. Etudes et Travaux XXIII, p. 172-179.