Mineralogical and geological investigation of Heraconpolis archaeological site : Upper Egypt

• Autorzy: Pawlikowski M. , Such J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The investigation of geology, stone implements and pottery presented below was performed in 2004 during works conducted by mixed american-egyptian mission at Heraconpolis archaeological site. The geological examination documents that the site was located on a dry, big delta of big wadi, coming from west into Nile Valley. This location means that while the site was functioning at phases Nagada II and III mentioned wadi did not conduct water i.e. climate was very dry. The investigation of present geological phenomena shows continuous growth of salinity of the soils at tested area. The investigation of stone implements discovered at two examined archaeological trenches confirmed the presence of various rocks, chipped flint implements as well as grinders. These objects were discovered at two depths representing various archaeological layers. Examination of pottery showed advanced technologies of preparation of ceramic mass as well as technology of firing. Data obtained from computer analyses confirm differentiation of tested ceramic masses.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

mineralogical investigations; geological investigations; Egypt; Nile Valley; geology; mineralogy; stone implements; pottery

PL

badania mineralogiczne; badania geologiczne; Egipt; Dolina Nilu; geologia; mineralogia

• Wydawca: nakł. Maciej Pawlikowski
• Czasopismo: Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: nr 5
• Strony: 1--38
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 16 poz., rys. + film

Twórcy

autor

Pawlikowski M.

• Inst. Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, AGH-Univ. of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland

autor

Such J.

• Inst. Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, AGH-Univ. of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland

Bibliografia

• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., Śliwa J., 1983 Qasr El Sagha. Prace Archeol. T. 35, 127 p.
• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., 1986 Results of field researches between Qurna and Armant, Upper Egypt. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ablaitung Kairo v. 31, p. 230-256.
• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., 1987 Investigations into Site MA 6/83 and MA 21/83 in the region of Qurna-Armant in Upper Egypt. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ableintung Kairo. B. 43, p. 45-66.
• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Lityńska M., Pawlikowski M., 1988 Field report from the excavation of the site MA 21/83 and MA 21a/83 near Armant in Upper Egypt in 1986. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ablaitung Kairo. Band 44, p. 86-104.
• Livingstone D.A., 1980 Environmental changes in the Nile headwaters. In: Williams M.A.J., Faure H., (Eds) The Sahara and the Nile. Rotterdam, p. 339-359
• Pawlikowski M., 1993 Mineralogy of Nile sediments as an indicator of changes of climate: the Armant -Luxor area, Upper Egypt. Materials of Symp. Environmental change and human culture in Nile basin and northern Africa until second millennium B.C. Poznań. p. 355-357.
• Pawlikowski M., 1994a Geomorphology and geology of investigated area, In: B.Ginter, J.K. Kozłowski Predynastic settlements near Armant. Studien zur Archaol. und Geschichte Altagyptiens. Band 6, p. 3-6.
• Pawlikowski M., 1994b Results of investigations into soil morphology. Ibidem, p. 37-38.
• Pawlikowski M., 1994c Climatic changes during Holocene in the region of Armant. Ibidem, p. 125-132
• Pawlikowski M., 1994d The correlation between sediments of the Nile Valley in the region of Armant-Qurna and the sediments of Birket Quarun Lake in the region of Qasr El Sagha. Ibidem, p. 132-141.
• Pawlikowski M., 2002a Results of preliminary mineralogical investigation of Tell el Farkha. Nile Delta. Egypt. Mat. Int. Conf : Origin of the State. Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt. Cracow 28-31th September 2002 , p. 59.
• Pawlikowski M. 2002b Reasons of Neolithic-Early Dynastic Transition in Egypt Geological and climatic evidence. Mat. Int. Conf. Origin of the State. Predinastic and Early Dynastic Egypt. Cracow 28-31th September 2002 , p 61.
• Pawlikowski M., 2004 Reasons for the Predynastic-Early Dynastic transition in Egypt. Geological and climatic evidence. In; Hendrickx Friedman, Ciałowicz, Chłodnicki Egypt and its origin. Orient. Lovan. Analecta no 158 Louven-Paris-Dudley, MA, p. 919-922.
• Pawlikowski M., Wasilewski M., Geology of site Tel el Farkha. Delta. Egypt. ( in print)
• Said R. 1966 Geology of Egypt. Elsevier.
• Williams M.A.J., Williams F.M., 1980 Evolution of Nile Basin. In: Williams M.A.J., Faure H., (Eds) The Sahara and the Nile. Rotterdam, p. 207- 224