A mineralogical and geological examination of the salinity of soils, Nile Valley, Upper Egypt

• Autorzy: Pawlikowski M. , Such J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Salinty of soils is the factor leading to the limitation of agriculture. Due to the reduction of suitable fields farming is also reduced. As a consequence farmers have to leave farms. This problem is specially important in Egypt where cultivated land is limited to the Nile Valley. A mineralogical and geological investigation of this phenomenon is conducted at Heracompolis and surrounding areas showed the presence of the following minerals as white salty coatings covering the surface of local soils: The absence of natural floods of Nile stopped due to the construction of the Aswan Dam is the reason for the continuous elevation of the degree of the salinity of soils. Evapotarion of water used for agriculture cannot be prevented but the process of mineralization has to be stopped if Egypt wants to avoid reduced food production.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Nile Valley; mineralogy; soil; salinity; agriculture

PL

mineralogia; Dolina Nilu; gleby; zasolenie; rolnictwo

• Wydawca: nakł. Maciej Pawlikowski
• Czasopismo: Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: nr 2
• Strony: 1--10
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 13 poz., rys., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Pawlikowski M.

• Institute of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, University of Science and Technology - AGH, Cracow

autor

Such J.

• Institute of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, University of Science and Technology - AGH, Cracow

Bibliografia

• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., Śliwa J., 1983 Qasr El Sagha. Prace Archeol. T. 35, 127 p.
• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., 1986 Results of field researches between Qurna and Armant, Upper Egypt. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ablaitung Kairo v. 31, p. 230-256.
• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., 1987 Investigations into Site MA 6/83 and MA 21/83 in the region of Qurna-Armant in Upper Egypt. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ableintung Kairo. B. 43, p. 45-66.
• Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Lityńska M., Pawlikowski M., 1988 Field report from the excavation of the site MA 21/83 and MA 21a/83 near Armant in Upper Egypt in 1986. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ablaitung Kairo. Band 44, p. 86-104.
• Livingstone D.A., 1980 Environmental changes in the Nile headwaters. In: Williams M.A.J., Faure H., (Eds) The Sahara and the Nile. Rotterdam, p. 339-359
• Pawlikowski M., 1993 Mineralogy of Nile sediments as an indicator of changes of climate: the Armant -Luxor area, Upper Egypt. Materials of Symp. Environmental change and human culture in the Nile basin and northern Africa up to the second millennium B.C. Poznań. p. 355-357.
• Pawlikowski M., 1994a Geomorphology and geology of the investigated area, In: B.Ginter, J.K. Kozłowski Predynastic settlements near Armant. Studien zur Archaol. und Geschichte Altagyptiens. Band 6, p. 3-6.
• Pawlikowski M., 1994b Results of investigations into soil morphology. Ibidem, p. 37-38.
• Pawlikowski M., 1994c Climatic changes during Holocene in the region of Armant. Ibidem, p. 125-132
• Pawlikowski M., 1994d The correlation between sediments of the Nile Valley in the region of Armant-Qurna and the sediments of Birket Quarun Lake in the region of Qasr El Sagha. Ibidem, p. 132-141.
• Pawlikowski M., 2002a Results of preliminary mineralogical investigation of Tell el Farkha. Nile Delta. Egypt. Mat. Int. Conf : Origin of the State. Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt. Cracow 28-31th September 2002 , p. 59.
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• Pawlikowski M., 2004 Reasons for the Predynastic-Early Dynastic transition in Egypt. Geological and climatic evidence. In; Hendrickx Friedman, Ciałowicz, Chłodnicki Egypt and its origin. Orient. Lovan. Analecta no 158 Louven-Paris-Dudley, MA, p. 919-922.
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