Thermally induced damage in hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane

• Autorzy: Tian Q. , Yan G. , Sun G. , Huang C. , Xie L. , Chen B. , Huang M. , Li H. , Liu X. , Wang J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The evolution of the microstructure of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) after a thermal stimulus plays a key role in the performance of CL-20. In the current work, microstructural variations of CL-20 caused by thermal treatment were investigated by X-ray diffraction, in situ variable-temperature optical microscopy, atom force microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering. A wave-like process, an abrupt volume expansion, movement, and fragmentation of CL-20 particles during phase transition were observed. After the phase transition (160 °C) the CL-20 sample acquired a very rough surface with numerous dimple depressions, and during the thermal decomposition stage (200 °C) a large number of voids were produced in both the bulk and the surface of the CL-20.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

CL-20; SAXS; AFM; thermal effects; voids

• Wydawca: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
• Czasopismo: Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: Vol. 10, no. 3
• Strony: 359--369
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 18 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Tian Q.

• Key Laboratory for Neutron Physics and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China

autor

Yan G.

• Key Laboratory for Neutron Physics and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China

autor

Sun G.

• Key Laboratory for Neutron Physics and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China

autor

Huang C.

• Key Laboratory for Neutron Physics and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China

autor

Xie L.

• Key Laboratory for Neutron Physics and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China

autor

Chen B.

• Key Laboratory for Neutron Physics and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China

autor

Huang M.

• Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China

autor

Li H.

• Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China

autor

Liu X.

• Institute of Shanghai Apply Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201800, China

autor

Wang J.

• Institute of Shanghai Apply Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201800, China

Bibliografia

• [1] Hsu P.C., De Haven M., McClelland M., Tarver C., Chidester S., Maienschein J.L., Characterization of Damaged Materials, 13th International Detonation Symposium, Norfolk, Virginia, July 23-28, 2006, 617.
• [2] Willer R.L., The True History of CL-20, New Trends Res. Energ. Mater., Proc. Semin., 16th, Pardubice, 2013, 384-394.
• [3] Lee J.S., Jaw K.S., Thermal Decomposition Properties and Compatibility of CL-20, NTO with Silicone Rubber, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 2006, 85, 463-467.
• [4] Naik N., Gore G., Gandhe B., Sikder A., Studies on Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of CL-20 by Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), J. Hazard. Mater., 2008, 159, 630-635.
• [5] Chukanov N., Dubikhin V., Raevskii A., Golovina N., Korsunskii B., Nedel’ko V., Aldoshin S., Kinetics and Mechanism of a Polymorphous Transition in Polycrystalline ε-Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane, Russ. J. Phy. Chem. A, 2006, 80, 281-287.
• [6] Teipel U., Particle Processing and Characterization, in: Energetic Materials, Weinheim, Wiley-VCH, 2005.
• [7] Mang J.T., Skidmore C.B., Son S.F., Hjelm R.P., Rieker T.P., An Optical Microscopy and Small-Angle Scattering Study of Porosity in Thermally Treated PBX 9501, AIP Conf. Proc., 2002, 620, 833-836.
• [8] Peterson P.D., Mang J.T., Asay B.W., Quantitative Analysis of Damage in an Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazonic-based Composite Explosive Subjected to a Linear Thermal Gradient, J. Appl. Phy., 2005, 97, 093507.
• [9] Willey T.M., Hoffman D.M., van Buuren T., Lauderbach L., Ilavsky J., Gee R. H., Maiti A., Overturf G., Fried L., In-situ Monitoring of the Microstructure of TATB-based Explosive Formulations During Temperature Cycling Using Ultra-small Angle X-ray Scattering, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2008, 34, 406-414.
• [10] Huang C.Q., Xia Q.Z., Yan G.Y., Sun G.A., Chen B., A New Package: MySAS for Small Angle Scattering Data Analysis, Nuc. Sci. Tech., 2010, 21, 325-329.
• [11] Nedelko V., Chukanov N., Raevskii A., Korsounskii B., Larikova T., Kolesova O., Volk F., Comparative Investigation of Thermal Decomposition of Various Modifications of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20), Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2000, 25, 255-259.
• [12] Gump J.C., Stoltz C.A., Peiris S.M., Phase Stability of Epsilon and Gamma HNIW (CL20) at High Pressure and Temperature, AIP Conf. Proc., 2007, 955, 127-132.
• [13] Chen H., Chen S., Li L., Jin S., Quantitative Determination of ε-Phase in Polymorphic HNIW Using X-ray Diffraction Patterns, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2008, 33, 467-471.
• [14] Mang J.T., Hjelm R.P., Francois E.G., Measurement of Porosity in a Composite High Explosive as a Function of Pressing Conditions by Ultra-Small-Angle Neutron Scattering with Contrast Variation, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2010, 35, 7-14.
• [15] Sorescu D.C., Rice B.M., Thompson D.L., Molecular Packing and NPT-Molecular Dynamics Investigation of the Transferability of the RDX Intermolecular Potential to 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane, J. Phy. Chem. B, 1998, 102, 948-952.
• [16] Yazici R., Kalyon D., Microstrain and Defect Analysis of CL-20 Crystals by Novel X-Ray Methods, J. Energ. Mater., 2005, 23, 43-58.
• [17] Geetha M., Nair U., Sarwade D., Gore G., Asthana S., Singh H., Studies on CL-20: the Most Powerful High Energy Material, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 2003, 73, 913-922.
• [18] Behrens R., Thermal Decomposition of HMX: Morphological and Chemical Changes Induced at Slow Decomposition Rates, 12th International Detonation Symposium, San Diego, California, August 11-16, 2002.