Geophysical prospecting: dynamic reservoir characterization and time-lapse multicomponent seismology for reservoir monitoring

• Autorzy: Roche S. L. , Davis T. L.
• Konferencja: Geopetrol 2010 : nowe metody i technologie zagospodarowania złóż i wydobycia węglowodorów w warunkach lądowych i morskich : międzynarodowa konferencja naukowo-techniczna : Zakopane, 20--23.09.2010
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Applying dynamic reservoir characterization techniques requires integrating the geologic framework of the reservoir, the reservoir processes of manipulating the fluids and pressures within the reservoir and the anticipated seismic response observed over time using surface seismic data. It is useful to gain an appreciation of general seismology in order to relate the seismic measurements to the reservoir under study. In the following sections, we present basic seismic theory, the relation to the reservoir through rock physics, and then increase the complexity of seismic theory to approach a realistic view of the reservoir framework and conditions. Being able to predict, or reservoir processes, the elastic seismic response to a given reservoir state allows us to invert an observed seismic response to the actual reservoir conditions. Repeated measurements over time provide the dynamic aspect of reservoir characterization, allowing prediction of future reservoir performance. In "Multicomponent seismology — part I", we introduce elastic wave propagation, relating the stress and strain of a propagating seismic wave, the stiffness tensor, the wave equation and elastic wave modes in isotropic media. Simple half-space models shows changes in P- and S-wave reflectivity due to changing fluid types in porous sandstone. Generally speaking, many reservoir time-lapse seismic signatures associated with compressibility changes in the bulk rock properties can be modeled using basic, isotropic assumptions. Examples include replacing a compressible fluid with an incompressible fluid such as a reservoir producing high GOR oil with strong water drive or water injection support. A second example would be heavy oil production using steam-assisted gravity drainage. In both of these cases, changes in bulk rock compressibility are the dominant variation over time, observable using P-wave time-lapse seismic data.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

seismology; reservoirs; geology

• Wydawca: Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Prace Naukowe Instytutu Nafty i Gazu
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: nr 170 wyd. konferencyjne
• Strony: 49--70
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 16 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Roche S. L.

• CGGVeritas

autor

Davis T. L.

• Colorado School of Mines

Bibliografia

• [1] Adam L., Batzle M., Brevik I. - Gassmann's fluid substitution and shear modulus variability in carbonates at laboratory seismic and ultrasonic frequencies. Geophysics, 71, no. 6, F173-F183, 2006 [Excellent paper demonstrating the effect of fluid properties on shear wave propagation]
• [2] Adam L., Batzle M. - Elastic properties of carbonates from laboratory measurements at seismic and ultrasonic frequencies. The Leading Edge, 27, no. 8, pp. 1026-1032, 2008 [A companion paper on the effect of fluid properties on shear wave propagation]
• [3] Aki K., Richards P.G. - Quantitative Seismology - Theory and Methods. Freeman and Company, 1980 [A key reference on seismic theory and quantitative methods]
• [4] Batzle M.B., Han D., Hofmann R. - Fluid mobility and frequency-dependent seismic velocity - Direct measurements. Geophysics, 71, no. 1, N1-N9, 2006 [Good reference paper demonstrating the effect of fluid properties on shear wave propagation]
• [5] Batzle M.B., Han D., Hofmann R. - Heavy oils-seismic properties. The Leading Edge, 25, no. 6, pp. 750-756, 2006 [Good discussion outlining the effect of fluid properties on shear wave propagation]
• [6] Bourbie T., Coussy O., Zinszner B. - Acoustics of Porous Media. IFP Publication, 1986 [A key reference on the petrophysics of porous rock]
• [7] Brown L.T., Davis T.L., Batzle M.B. - Integration of rock physics, reservoir simulation, and time- lapse seismic data for reservoir characterization at Weyburn Field, Saskatchewan. SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 21, no. 1, pp. 1708-1711, 2002 [Good example for integrating seismic measurements and rock physics for reservoir monitoring]
• [8] LaBarre E.A., Davis T.L. - Fault and natural fracture identification from multicomponent seismic at Rulison Field, Colorado. SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 27, no. 1, pp. 948-952, 2008 [Example of using S-wave seismic anisotropy measurements to characterize a low-porosity, fractured sandstone reservoir]
• [9] Lynn H,B. - The winds of change. The Leading Edge, 23, no. 11, pp. 1156-1162, 2004 [Part 1 of a two-part series on relating seismic anisotropy measurements to relative fluid flow characteristics in porous media]
• [10] Lynn H.B. - The winds of change: Anisotropic rocks - their preferred direction of fluid flow and their associated seismic signatures - Part 2. The Leading Edge, 23, no. 12, pp. 1258-1268, 2004 [Part 2 of a two-part series on relating seismic anisotropy measurements to relative fluid flow characteristics in porous media]
• [11] MacBeth C., Lynn H.B. -Applied seismic anisotropy: Theory, background, and field studies. SEG Books, pp. 725-725, 2000 [Good compilation of papers on seismic anisotropy theory with example applications]
• [12] Shuck E.L., Davis T.L., Benson R.D. - Multicomponent 3-D characterization of a coalbed methane reservoir. Geophysics, 61, no. 2, pp. 315-330, 1996 [Good reference paper on measuring shear wave anisotropy using surface seismic multicomponent data]
• [13] Tatham RH., McCormack M.D. - Multicomponent Seismology in Petroleum Exploration. SEG Books, pp. 1-248, 1991 [Excellent handbook for multicomponent seismic methods from theory, through acquisition, processing and interpretation]
• [14] Tsvankin I.- Seismic Signatures and Analysis of Reflection Data in Anisotropic Media. Handbook of Geophysical Exploration- Seismic Exploration. vol. 29, 2001 [A compilation of I. Tsvan- kin's course notes on seismic anisotropy, a key reference document]
• [15] Winterstein D.F. - Velocity anisotropy terminology for geophysicists. SEG Books, 20, pp. 47-65, 2000 [Good reference paper for defining anisotropy terminology]; Geophysics, 55, no 8, pp. 1070- -1088, 1990
• [16] Wang Z. - Fundamentals of seismic rock physics. Geophysics, 66, no. 2, pp. 398-412, 2001 [Excellent overview paper relating petrophysics and seismic measurements]