Energy consumption and carbon footprint of an electric vehicle and a vehicle with an internal combustion engine

• Autorzy: Muha R. , Perosa A.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.20858/tp.2018.13.2.5

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The use of electrically powered vehicles is becoming more and more established in practice and represents a promising solution in future ensuring quality mobility and reducing the pollution in the environment. Since these vehicles are high-priced, and there is still a low awareness among consumers in terms of energy consumption and pollution, vehicles with an internal combustion engine remain the norm. For this purpose, the study, here, provides an energy consumption estimate of an electric vehicle and thus its carbon footprint and compares it to the energy consumption and carbon footprint of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine. The results of this study reveal the orientation for the use of electric vehicles in future, in terms of raising awareness among the individual manufacturers, consumers and, last but not the least, the society as a whole, which is committed to sustainable developmental orientations.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

electric vehicle; vehicle with an internal combustion engine; carbon footprint; energy consumption

PL

pojazd elektryczny; pojazd z silnikiem spalinowym; ślad węglowy; zużycie energii

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
• Czasopismo: Transport Problems
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: T. 13, z. 2
• Strony: 49--58
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 25 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Muha R.

• University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Maritime Studies and Transport Pot pomorščakov 4, SI-6320 Portorož, Slovenia

autor

Perosa A.

• University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Maritime Studies and Transport Pot pomorščakov 4, SI-6320 Portorož, Slovenia

Bibliografia

• 1. Žuraulis, V. & Levulytė, L. & Sokolovskij, E. The impact of road roughness on the duration of contact between a vehicle wheel and road surface. Transport. 2014. Vol. 29. No. 4. P. 431-439.
• 2. Sharma, H.K. & Swami, B.L. Emission and energy consumption characteristics of interrupted over-saturated flow for urban roads with heterogeneous traffic. Transport Problems. 2012. Vol. 7. No. 3. P. 29-40.
• 3. Chang C.C. Advances in Electric vehicles. HKIE transaction. 2014. Vol. 10. No. 1. P. 1-13.
• 4. Zhang, Y. & Qi, D. & Jiang, W. & Lei S. Optimal Allocation of Changing Station for Electric Vehicle Based on Queuing Theory. Promet – Traffic & Transportation. 2016. Vol. 28. No. 5. P. 497-505.
• 5. Li, Y. & Yang, J. & Song, J. Design principles and energy system scale analysis technologies of new lithium-ion and aluminum-ion batteries for sustainable energy electric vehicles. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2017. Vol. 71. P. 645-651.
• 6. Chellaswamy, C. & Ramesh, R. Future renewable energy option for recharging full electric vehicles. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2017. Vol. 76. P. 824-838.
• 7. She, Z-Y. & Sun, Q. & Ma, J-J. & Xie, B-C. What are the barriers to widespread adoption of battery electric vehicles? A survey of public perception in Tianjin, China. Transport Policy. 2017. Vol. 56. P. 29-40.
• 8. Škerlič, S. The impact of employee education and knowledge on the logistics processes in Slovenian companies. Pomorstvo: journal of maritime studies. 2017. Vol. 31. P. 91-95.
• 9. Földes, D. & Csiszár, C. Route plan evaluation method for personalised passenger information service. Transport. 2015. No. 30. Vol. 3. P. 273-285.
• 10. Chang C.C. Advances in Electric vehicles. HKIE transaction. 2014. Vol. 10. No. 1. P. 1-13.
• 11. Tian, X. & Chang, M. & Lin C. & Tanikawa, H. China’s carbon footprint A regional perspective on the effect of transitions in consumption and production patterns. Applied Energy. 2014. Vol. 123. P. 19-28.
• 12. Wilson, L. What is the greenest source of electricity? Available at: http://shrinkthatfootprint.com/greenest-electricity-source.
• 13. Wilson, L. The ‘electric cars aren’t green’ myth debunked’. Available at: http://shrinkthatfootprint.com/electric-cars-green.
• 14. Ishihara, K. & Kihira, N. & Terada, N. & Iwahori, T. Environmental Burdens of Large Lithium-Ion Batteries Developed in a Japanese National Project. Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry. Project. ECS 202nd Meeting. Salt Lake City. UT. 2002. 68 p.
• 15. Chang, C-C. & Wu, F-L. & Lai, W-H. & Lai, M-P. A cost-benefit analysis of the carbon footprint with hydrogen scooters and electric scooters. International journal of hydrogen energy. 2016. Vol. 41. P. 13299-13307.
• 16. Noel, L. & McCormack R. A cost benefit analysis of a V2G-capable electric school bus compared to a traditional diesel school bus. Applied Energy. 2014. Vol. 126. P. 246-255.
• 17. Zhao, Y. & Cihat Onat, N. & Kucukvar, M. & Tatari, O. Carbon and energy footprints of electric delivery trucks: A hybrid multi-regional input-output life cycle assessment. Transportation Research Part D. 2016. Vol. 47. P. 195-207
• 18. Wang, H. & Zhang, X. & Ouyang. M. Energy consumption of electric vehicles based on real-world driving patterns: A case study of Beijing. Applied Energy. 2015. Vol. 157. P. 710-719.
• 19. Directive 2004/3/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 February 2004 amending Council Directives 70/156/EEC and 80/1268/EEC as regards the measurement of carbon dioxide emissions and fuel consumption of N1 vehicles (Text with EEA relevance). Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32004L0003.
• 20. Herron, D. The long tail pipe. Available at: http://longtailpipe.com/ebooks.
• 21. Slovenia Forest Service. Energy equivalents between different fuels. Available at: http://www.zgs.si/slo/delovna_podrocja/lesna_biomasa/izracunajte_si_sami/energijski_ekvivalenti_med_razlicnimi_gorivi/index.html.
• 22. Piaggio & C. S.p.A. Commercial vehicles, Service station manual. 2010. Porter Electric Power (EVO 2010). 677246-677251 (IT-EN-FR-DE-ES-EL). P. 1-278.
• 23. Lindstad, H. & Asbjørnslett, B.E. & Strømman, A.H. The importance of economies of scale for reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from shipping. Energy Policy. 2012. Vol. 46. P. 386-398.
• 24. Statistical Office of Republic of Slovenia – Electricity production by fuel. 2015. Available at: http://kazalci.arso.gov.si/?data=indicator&ind_id=722.
• 25. Quattroruote. Available at: http://www.quattroruote.it/vcl/piaggio/porter-3-serie-autotelaio-cabinato.