John William Draper i Andrew Dickson White wobec wojny nauki z religią. Rola metafory historiograficznej

• Autorzy: Werner W

Warianty tytułu

EN

John William Draper and Andrew Dickson White on the war between science and religion. The role of historiographic metaphor

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

The paper looks at one aspect of the development of relationship between science and religion in the United States and Great Britain in the nineteenth century. Until the middle of that century the relationship between science and religion had been perceived by both scientists and theologians as very good. This is testified to by numerous writings devoted to the complementarity and concurrence of the message conveyed, on the one hand, through God’s Word, i.e. the Holy Bible, and, on the other, through His Works, i.e. Nature. In the second half of the nineteenth century that coherent world view was split into ’’the world of religion” and ’’the world of science”, governed by different and contradictory laws. The paper deals with the role of historical writing in the emergence and the grounding of the metaphor o f’’war” between science and religion in the public mind. The special focus of the paper is on the studies in the history of science by John W. Draper and Andrew D. White, which have been selected due to their popularity in Great Britain and the United States at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The works of those two authors present science and religion as antagonistic from the very beginning of their existence. In the minds of the majority of the readers of those works, the origin of the relationship between science and religion was identified with its essence. While presenting the conflict between science and religion, the two authors claimed that the conflict had been present since the beginning of the coexistence of science and religion. In this way the metaphor o f’’warfare” used by Draper and White contributed to the belief that science and religion are phenomena that stand in a relation of essential antagonism.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

nauka; religia; teologia

EN

science; religion; theology

• Wydawca: Instytut Historii Nauki im. L. i A. Birkenmajerów Polskiej Akademii Nauk
• Czasopismo: Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
• Rocznik: 2004
• Tom: R. 49, nr 1
• Strony: 7--28
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 38 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Werner W

• Instytut Historii Uniwersytetu im. A. Mickiewicza Poznań

Bibliografia

• 1 Cincotta Howard [red.]: An Outline of American History. The United States Information Agency, May 1994, 4/13.
• 2 Aileen Fyfe , John van Wyhe : Victorian Science & Religion. The Victorian Web. Brown University, National University of Singapore, 2002-2002, http://65.107. 211.206/science/science&religion.html.
• 3 Teologia Naturalna.
• 4 Fieser James [red.]: The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 2000, http://www.utm.edu/researeh/iep.
• 5 Charles Robert Darwin: Origin of Species. The Harvard Classics. 1909-14. Polskie wydanie: Karol Darwin : O pochodzeniu gatunków drogą doboru naturalnego. Tłum. Szymon Dickstein, JózefNusbaum, Warszawa 1955 PWRiL.
• 6 Jerry Bergman: Censorship of Information on Origins, artykuł z witryny: The Revolution Against Evolution (http://www.rae.org/essay_subject2.html).
• 7 (http://www.rae.org/noscience.html).
• 8 http://www.rae.org/develsci.html.
• 9 http://www.rae.org/jaki.html.
• 10 Mircea Eliade. Por.: Wiktor Werner: Religia w czasie, czy poza nim. Jeden z metodologicznych problemów historii religii. „Historyka” 1999 t. XXIX s. 69-78.
• 11 http://www.rae.org/influsci.html.
• 12 Phillip Eichman, Michael Faraday: Man of God-Man of Science. „Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith”, 40, June 1988, s.91-97, por. także artykuły umieszczone na stronie fundacji: Science and Christianity, www.dimery.com.
• 13 History Of The Conflict Between Religion And Science by John William Draper, M. D., LI. D.Professor In The University Of New York, New York D. Appleton And Company 1897, zdigitilizowanego przez: Electronic Text Center at the University of Virginia Library, wersja elektroniczna z oryginalną paginacją, http://www.lib.virginia.edu/indexes/authent.html.
• 14 Korzystam z tekstu wydania z 1896 r., New York D. Appleton And Company. Tekst zdigitalizowany w zgodzie ze standardem Fundacji Gutenberg, zaczerpnięty z witryny: http://www.santafe.edu/~shalizi/White
• 15 Korzystam z tekstów wydania z 1898 r„ Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Tekst zdigitalizowany w zgodzie ze standardem Fundacji Gutenberg (http://promo.net/pg.), zaczerpnięty z witryny The Alex Catalogue of Electronic Texts. http://www.infomotions.com/alex, paginacja według wydania elektronicznego (format pdf.): Blackmask Online. 2002, http://www.blackmask.com.
• 16 Dwa potężne portale propagujące tę opcję ideolgiczną to: http://www.infidels.org/html i http://www.positiveatheism.org/html
• 17 Aileen Fуfe, John van Wуhe : Victorian Science & Religion. The Victorian Web 2002 (http://65.107.211.206/science/science&religion.html)
• 18 John William Draper: History Of The Intellectual Development Of Europe.. Harper Brothers, Publishers,. 1864, s. 616.
• 19 „Nauka więc łączy się z historią w głoszeniu, że wielkim przeznaczeniem natury jest duchowy rozwój”, tamże, s. 616.
• 20 Draper : History of the Conflict Between Religion and Science, Cit. New York D. Appleton And Company 1897 s.3.
• 21 White : A History Of The Warfare ..., Blackmask Online. 2002, s.4.
• 22 Draper: History of the Conflict, s. 10-12.
• 23 Nathan Bangs : A History of The Methodist Episcopal Church, New York, T. Mason and G. Lane, 1839.
• 24 Henry Vedder : A Short History of the Baptists, edycja elektroniczna, The ReformedReader 1999-2002.
• 25 Korzystam z edycji elektronicznej przygotowanej przez The Electronic Bible Society, Dallas, TX, 1998 na podstawie wydania: New York, Charles Scribner’s Sons,1910.
• 26 Max Weber: Die protestantischen Sekten und der Geist des Kapitalismus in Gesammelte Aufsätze sur Religionssoziologie, Töbingen 1929.
• 27 Ernst TröItsch : Die Bedeutung des Protestantismus jiir die Entstehung der modernen Welt. Munich 1911, tłumaczenie angielskie: Protestantism and Progress. London 1930.
• 28 Jerzy Topolski: Świat bez historii, Poznań 1997.
• 29 A History Of The Warfare Of Science With Theology In Christendom. The Reformed Reader 1999-2002, s. 4.
• 30 Robert G. Ingersoll: What. Infidels Have Done, http://www.infidels.org/library/historical/whatinfidelshavedone.html.
• 31 Newton Baker : Robert G. Ingersoll: An Intimate View. New York 1919, digitalizacja przez: Jeffery Jay Lowder, http://www.infidels.org/library/historical\intimate_view.html.
• 32 Joseph Lewis: Ingersoll The Magnificent. The Freethought Press Association. New York 1957,digitalizacja: Cliff Walker, http://www.positiveatheism.org/lewing00.htm.
• 33 Ingersoll: What is religion. Dresden Memorial Edition [dalej : DME], vol. IV, s. 477.
• 34 Ingersoll: Superstition DME IV, s. 295.
• 35 Ingersoll: Myth and Miracle, DME, II, s. 429—491.
• 36 „Creation Ex Nihilo”, Vol. 14, 4 /Sept.-Nov. 1992.
• 37 „Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith”, 9/1987, s. 140-149.
• 38 Wojciech Wrzosek: Historia, kultura, metafora. Wrocław 1995 s. 22—26 i 38-49.