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Tytuł artykułu

A Lab-scale HVAC Hissing-type Noise and Vibration Characterization with Vehicle System Validation

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Heating, ventilation and air conditional (HVAC) system provides a cold ventilation for the comfort of the driver and passengers in a vehicle. However, the vibration induced by the HVAC contributes to a reasonable level of noise emission, and hissing is one of the critical noises. So far, the characterization of hissing noise from the vehicle is least to be reported compared to other type of noises. Hence, this paper investigates the occurrence of hissing noise from several HVAC components. A lab-scale HVAC system was developed to imitate the real-time operations of the vehicle HVAC system. Two engine conditions, namely as ambient and operating conditions, were tested at speed of 850 rpm and 850-1400 rpm, with the blower speed maintained constantly at one level. The result shows that the hissing noise from the labscale HVAC was produced at frequency range of 4000-6000 Hz. The finding also highlights that the main component contributors of noise emission are an evaporator and a thermal expansion valve. The validation with a real vehicle system showed a good consensus whereby the hissing noise was produced at the similar operating frequency ranges. Also, the hissing noise was found to be louder when in an operating condition which could be taken into consideration by the vehicle manufacturers to improve the HVAC design.
Rocznik
Strony
365--373
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 36 poz., fot., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
  • The Vibration Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
  • The Vibration Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
  • The Vibration Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
  • The Vibration Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
  • Testing & Development, Vehicle Development & Engineering, Proton Holdings Berhad, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Testing & Development, Vehicle Development & Engineering, Proton Holdings Berhad, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Bibliografia
  • 1. Braun M. E., Walsh S. J., Horner J. L., Chuter R. (2013), Noise source characteristics in the ISO 362 vehicle pass-by noise test: Literature review, Applied Acoustics, 74 (11): 1241-1265, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2013.04.005.
  • 2. Daly S. (2006), Automotive Air Conditioning and Climate Control Systems, Butterworth-Heimenn, Burlington, MA, doi: 10.1016/b978-0-7506-6955-9.x5000-9.
  • 3. Fischer D. (1995), Airflow simulation through automotive blowers using computational fluid dynamics, SAE Technical Papers, doi: 10.4271/950438.
  • 4. Gren E., Farrall M., Mendonça F., Sandhu K. (2012), CFD prediction of aeroacoustic noise generation in a HVAC duct, [in:] 18th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference (33rd AIAA Aeroacoustics Conference), doi: 10.2514/6.2012-2068.
  • 5. Hassan M. B., Sardar A., Ghias R. (2008), CFD simulations of an automotive HVAC blower: Operating under stable and unstable flow conditions, SAE Technical Papers, doi: 10.4271/2008-01-0735.
  • 6. Humbad N. (2001), Automotive HVAC flow noise prediction models, SAE Technical Papers, doi: 10.4271/2001-01-1498.
  • 7. Humbad N., Schlinke G., Scherer S. (2009), Correlating HVAC vehicle interior noise to subsystem measurements, SAE Technical Papers, doi: 10.4271/2009-01-2117.
  • 8. ISO 362 (2007), Measurement of noise emitted by accelerating road vehicles – engineering method – Part 1: M and N categories, Geneva.
  • 9. Jabardo J., Mamani W., Ianella M. R. (2002), Modeling experimental evaluation of an automotive air conditioning system with a variable capacity compressor, International Journal of Refrigeration, 25 (8): 1157-1172, doi: 10.1016/S0140-7007(02)00002-6.
  • 10. Jäger A. et al. (2008), Numerical and experimental investigations of the noise generated by a flap in a simplified HVAC duct, [in:] 14th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference (29th AIAA Aeroacoustics Conference), doi: 10.2514/6.2008-2902.
  • 11. Kavarana F., Rediers B. (1999), Squeak and rattle – State of the art and beyond, SAE Technical Papers, doi: 10.4271/1999-01-1728.
  • 12. Kropp W., Sabiniarz P., Brick H., Beckenbauer T. (2012), On the sound radiation of a rolling tyre, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 331 (8): 1789-1805, doi: 10.1016/j.jsv.2011.11.031.
  • 13. Krüger J., Buganza F., Koch V. (2016), The effects of future noise limit values on the design of exhaust systems, TZ Worldwide, 118 (9): 48-51, doi: 10.1007/s38313-016-0164-5.
  • 14. Kwon E. Y., Baek K. W., Co N. H. (2015), Some aerodynamic aspects of centrifugal fan characteristics of an automotive HVAC blower, SAE Technical Paper, doi: 10.4271/2001-01-0291.
  • 15. Mann A., Perot F., Meskine M., Kim M. (2015), Designing quieter HVAC systems coupling LBM and flow-induced noise source identification methods, [in:] FKFS Conference Progress in Vehicle Aerodynamics and Thermal, doi: 10.2514/6.2013-2265.
  • 16. Mavuri S. P., Watkins S., Wang X., St. Hill S., Weymouth D. (2008), An investigation of vehicle HVAC cabin noise, SAE Technical Paper, doi: 10.4271/2008-01-0836.
  • 17. Öhrström E. (1989), Sleep disturbance, psycho-social and medical symptoms-A pilot survey among persons exposed to high levels of road traffic noise, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 133 (1): 117-128, doi: 10.1016/0022-460X(89)90986-3.
  • 18. Okuma T., Radermacher R., Hwang Y. (2012), A novel application of thermoelectric modules in an hvac system under cold climate operation, Journal of Electronic Materials, 41 (6): 1749-1758, doi: 10.1007/s11664-012-2066-x.
  • 19. Paiman M. A. R. et al. (2018), Measurement of the hissing-type noise and vibration of the automotive HVAC system, MATEC Web of Conferences, 217: 03002 doi: 10.1051/matecconf/201821703002.
  • 20. Patidar A., Natarajan S., Pande M. (2009), CFD analysis and validation of an automotive HVAC system, SAE Technical Papers, doi: 10.4271/2009-01-0535.
  • 21. Pérot F. et al. (2013), HVAC noise predictions using a Lattice Boltzmann method, [in:] 19th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, doi: 10.2514/6.2013-2228.
  • 22. Phillips A. V., Orchard M. (2001), Drive-by noise prediction by vehicle system analysis, SAE Technical Papers, doi: 10.4271/2001-01-1562.
  • 23. Putner J., Lohrmann M., Fast H. (2013), Analysis of the contributions from vehicle cabin surfaces to the interior noise, [in:] Inter-Noise 2013, Innsbruck, Austria, https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/doc/1189692/332977.pdf.
  • 24. Qatu M. S., Abdelhamid M. K., Pang J., Sheng G. (2009), Overview of automotive noise and vibration, International Journal of Vehicle Noise and Vibration, 5 (1/2): 1-35, doi: 10.1504/IJVNV.2009.029187.
  • 25. Sah M., Srinivasan K., Mendonca F., Pai N. (2013), Prediction of HVAC system aero/acoustic noise generation and propagation using CFD, SAE Technical Papers, doi: 10.4271/2013-01-0856.
  • 26. Sandberg U., Ejsmont J. A. (2002), Tyre/road noise reference book, Informex, Kisa.
  • 27. Satar M. H. A. et al. (2019a), Application of the structural dynamic modification method to reduce the vibration of the vehicle HVAC system, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1262: 012034, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1262/1/012034.
  • 28. Satar M. H. A. et al. (2019b), Characterization of the humming type noise and vibration of the automotive HVAC system, International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, 16 (2): 6634-6648, doi: 10.15282/ijame.16.2.2019.12.0499.
  • 29. Seoud S. A. (2019), Tire and engine sources contribution to vehicle interior noise and vibration exposure levels, Archives of Acoustics, 44 (2): 201-214, doi: 10.24425/aoa.2019.126366.
  • 30. Shin S. H., Cheong C. (2010), Experimental characterization of instrument panel buzz, squeak, and rattle (BSR) in a vehicle, Applied Acoustics, 71 (12): 1162-1168, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2010.07.006.
  • 31. Soeta Y., Shimokura R. (2017), Sound quality evaluation of air-conditioner noise based on factors of the autocorrelation function, Applied Acoustics, 124: 11-19, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2017.03.015.
  • 32. Terauchi K., Tsukagoshi Y., Hiraga M. (2018), The characteristics of the spiral compressor for automotive air conditioning, SAE Technical Paper, doi: 10.4271/830541.
  • 33. Thawani P. T., Sinadinos S., Black J. (2013), Automotive AC system induced refrigerant hiss and gurgle, SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars – Mechanical Systems, 6 (2): 1115-1119, doi: 10.4271/2013-01-1890.
  • 34. Toksoy C. et al. (1995), Design of an automotive HVAC blower wheel for flow, noise and structural integrity, SAE Technical Papers, doi: 10.4271/950437.
  • 35. Wang X., Watkins S., Charles S. (2018), Noise refinement solutions for vehicle HVAC systems, SAE Technical Paper, doi: 10.4271/2007-01-2184.
  • 36. Žiaran S., Chlebo O. (2016), Noise control transmission methods of the combustion engine by means of reduction of the vibration, Archives of Acoustics, 41, 2, 277-284, doi: 10.1515/aoa-2016-0027.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-adf12d8b-3e3b-49e3-8758-8dd9632a3d31
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