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Behavior of sea level in the period of 1980 to 2017 on the port area of gulf of Maranhão, Brazil

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EN
Abstrakty
EN
The Gulf of Maranhão, North Coast of Brazil, is one of the regions in the world with largest tidal ranges. The Port Area of Maranhão, in São Marcos Bay, represents the second most important in Brazil. The port facilities are naturally sheltered from swell, with nautical operations and maintenance dredging volumes directly conditioned by macro-tides, which exceed the 6.0 m tidal range, and associated tidal currents, which can reach 7.0 knots. In order to assess the behavior of sea levels in recent decades, in view of the influence of climate changes on tides in various ports around the world, a period of two lunar nodal tidal cycles of 18.61 years, from 1980 to 2017, was investigated using unpublished data recorded in tide gauges. The trend pattern obtained was analyzed statistically and, unlike many other port areas, a sensitive stability of the mean sea level was noted. An important conclusion is about the reduction in HHW and increasing in LLW, leading to a reduction in tidal ranges, in tidal currents and a significant reduction of the shear stress in the bottom, which may increase the dredging rates in the port areas in the next decades, due to an increasing siltation.
Twórcy
autor
  • Polytechnic School of São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
autor
  • Polytechnic School of São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
autor
  • Polytechnic School of São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
Bibliografia
  • 1. Agência Nacional de Transportes Aquaviários (ANTAQ): Anuário Estatístico Aquaviário 2018 – Movimentação de Cargas. (2018).
  • 2. Alfredini, P., Arasaki, E.: Estimation of Sea Level Rise in Santos Port (Brazil). TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation. 13, 2, 453–458 (2019). https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.13.02.25.
  • 3. Amaral, R., Alfredin, P.: Modelação Hidrossedimentológica no Canal de Acesso do Complexo Portuário do Maranhão. RBRH. 15, 2, 5–14 (2010). https://doi.org/10.21168/rbrh.v15n2.p5-14.
  • 4. Aubrey, D.G., Emery, K.O., Uchupi, E.: Changing coastal levels of South America and the Caribbean region from tide-gauge records. Tectonophysics. 154, 3, 269–284 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(88)90108-4.
  • 5. Bernardino, J.C., Pion, L.M., Esferra, R., de Oliveira Bezerra, R.: Definition of Mooring Plans for Vessels at Port Terminals Using Physical Models. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation. 13, 1, 107–114 (2019). https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.13.01.10.
  • 6. Carvalho, J.J.R., Souza, O.J., Alfredini, P.: Rubble mound groins design in area submitted to strong tidal currents. In: International Symposium on Design of Hydraulic Structures. Balkema (1989).
  • 7. EMAP – Porto do Itaqui: Relatório de Movimentação de Cargas (2001 a 2018). , São Luís (2018).
  • 8. França, C.A.S.: Contribuição ao estudo da variabilidade do nível do mar na região tropical do Atlântico por altimetria do sa-télite TOPEX/POSEIDON e modelagem numérica. Universidade de São Paulo (2000).
  • 9. Harari, J., Camargo, R.: Tides and mean sea level in Recife (PE): 8o3.3’S 34o51.9’W: 1946 to 1988. , São Paulo (1994).
  • 10. Hicks, S.D.: Sea level - A changing reference in surveying and mapping. Surveying and Mapping. 28, 285–289 (1968).
  • 11. Losada, I.J., Reguero, B.G., Méndez, F.J., Castanedo, S., Abascal, A.J., Mínguez, R.: Long-term changes in sea-level components in Latin America and the Caribbean. Global and Planetary Change. 104, 34–50 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2013.02.006.
  • 12. Mudersbach, C., Jensen, J.: Recent Sea Level Variations at the North Sea and Baltic Sea Coastlines. In: Coastal Engineering 2006. pp. 1764–1774 World Scientific Publishing Company (2007). https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812709554_0149.
  • 13. Nicholls, R.J., Hanson, S., Herweijer, C., Patmore, N., Hallegatte, S., Corfee-Morlot, J., Château, J., Muir-Wood, R.: Ranking Port Cities with High Exposure and Vulnerability to Climate Extremes. OECD Environment Working Papers. 1, (2008). https://doi.org/10.1787/011766488208.
  • 14. Painel Brasileiro de Mudanças Climáticas (PBMC): Impacto, vulnerabilidade e adaptação das cidades costeiras brasileiras às mudanças climáticas: Relatório Es-pecial do Painel Brasileiro de Mudanças Climáticas (PBMC). , Rio de Janeiro (2016).
  • 15. Penland, S., Ramsey, K.E.: Relative Sea-Level Rise in Louisiana and the Gulf of Mexico: 1908-1988. Journal of Coastal Research. 6, 2, (1990).
  • 16. Pugh, D.T.: Tides, Surges and Mean Sea-level: A Handbook for Engineers and Scientists. John Wiley & Sons Ltd (1987).
  • 17. Salles, F.J.P., Bentes, F.C.M., Santos, J.A.: Catálogo de Estações Maregráficas Brasileiras. FEMAR, Rio de Janeiro (2000).
  • 18. UK Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs: Flood and Coastal Defence Appraisal — Guidance FCDPAG3 Economic Appraisal (Supplementary Note to Operating Authorities – Climate Change Impacts. , London (2006).
  • 19. US National Research Council: Responding to Changes in Sea Level, Engineering Implications, Committee on Engineering Implications of Changes in Relative Mean Sea Level. Marine Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council. National Academy Press, Washington DC (1987).
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-ad5947d4-40ac-4899-903c-b3b237e83c28
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