Pyły drewna – frakcja wdychana. Dokumentacja proponowanych dopuszczalnych wielkości narażenia zawodowego

• Autorzy: Soćko Renata , Pakulska Daria , Szymczak Wiesław

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0014.9942

Warianty tytułu

EN

Wood dust – inhalable fraction. Documentation of proposed values of occupational exposure limits (OELs)

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Drewno jest surowcem przemysłu drzewnego. Narażenie na pyły drzew liściastych (drewno twarde) lub w mieszaninie z gatunkami iglastymi (drewno miękkie) jest skorelowane z wystąpieniem gruczolakoraka nosa. Astma zawodowa jest najczęściej wynikiem działania biologicznie aktywnych związków chemicznych obecnych w drewnie drzew liściastych i iglastych. Pyły drewna twardego i miękkiego mogą upośledzać drożność dróg oddechowych, wywołując przewlekłe choroby płuc. Biorąc pod uwagę skutki zdrowotne oraz uwzględniając przedstawione przez Komisję Europejską uwarunkowania socjoekonomiczne przedsiębiorstw, zmniejszono dotychczasową wartość NDS z 3 mg/m³ do 2 mg/m³ dla frakcji wdychalnej pyłów drewna z przypisem, że wartość NDS dotyczy wszystkich rodzajów pyłów drewna. Proponowana wartość jest na poziomie proponowanej przez Komisję Europejską wartości wiążącej dla frakcji wdychalnej pyłów drewna twardego i będzie obowiązywać w Polsce i w innych państwach Unii Europejskiej od 18 stycznia 2023 r. Do 17 stycznia 2023 r., w okresie przejściowym, dla pyłów drewna twardego obowiązuje wartość wiążąca 3 mg/m³ . Komisja UE zaliczyła prace związane z narażeniem na pyły drewna twardego i mieszanego do procesów technologicznych klasyfikowanych jako rakotwórcze dla ludzi (wg dyrektywy 2017/2398/WE). Ze względu na fakt, że pyły drewna wykazują działanie: rakotwórcze, mutagenne i pylicotwórcze, ustalenie wartości najwyższego dopuszczalnego stężenia chwilowego (NDSCh) jest nieuzasadnione. Pyły drewna oznakowano jako substancję rakotwórczą zgodnie z załącznikiem nr 1 rozporządzenia Ministra Zdrowia oraz – ze względu na możliwe działanie uczulające – literą „A”. Zakres tematyczny artykułu obejmuje zagadnienia zdrowia oraz bezpieczeństwa i higieny środowiska pracy będące przedmiotem badań z zakresu nauk o zdrowiu oraz inżynierii środowiska.

EN

Wood is a raw material of the wood industry. Exposure to dust from deciduous trees (hardwood) or from a mixture with coniferous species (softwood) is correlated with nasopharyngeal adenocarcinomas. Occupational asthma is the result of actions of the biologically active compounds present in some wood species (both hardwood and softwood). Hardwood and softwood dusts may impair clear airway, resulting in chronic lung disease. Taking into account the health effects and the socio-economic conditions of enterprises presented by the European Commission, we propose to lower the current TLV value from 3 mg/m³ to 2 mg/m³ for the inhalable fraction of wood dust, with the note that the TLV value applies to all types of wood dust. The proposed value corresponds to the binding value proposed by the European Commission (BOELV) for the inhalable fraction of hardwood dusts set at 2 mg/m³, taking into account the socio-economic conditions of enterprises. This value will apply in Poland and EU countries from January 18, 2023. The Commission of the European Union included research on exposure to hard and mixed wood dust to technological processes classified as carcinogenic to humans (Directive 2017/2398/EC) and indicating that if there is a mixture of hardwood dust with other wood dust then MAC refers to the total wood dust present in the mixture. Due to the fact that wood dusts are carcinogenic, mutagenic and cause pneumoconiosis, the determination of STEL values is unjustified. Wood dust was labeled as a carcinogen with Annex 1 to the Regulation of Ministry of Health, and with letter “A” because of possible sensitization. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

pyły drewna; narażenie zawodowe; NDS; substancja uczulająca; substancja rakotwórcza; nauki o zdrowiu; inżynieria środowiska

EN

wood dust; occupational exposure; OEL; sensitizing substance; carcinogenic substances; health sciences; environmental engineering

• Wydawca: Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy
• Rocznik: 2021
• Tom: Nr 2 (108)
• Strony: 27--138
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 214 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Soćko Renata

• Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dr. med. Jerzego Nofera 91-348 Łódź, ul. św. Teresy od Dzieciątka Jezus 8 POLAND

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4304-9563

autor

Pakulska Daria

• Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dr. med. Jerzego Nofera 91-348 Łódź, ul. św. Teresy od Dzieciątka Jezus 8 POLAND

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1523-569X

autor

Szymczak Wiesław

• Uniwersytet Łódzki University of Lodz, Poland

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).