Effect of adding furnace ash from bituminous coal combustion to soil on phytoavailability of selected metals

• Autorzy: Antonkiewicz J. , Jasiewicz C. , Kępka W. , Kowalewska A. , Pełka R. , Losak T. , Hlusek J.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wpływ dodatku popiołu paleniskowego z węgla kamiennego do gleby na fitoprzyswajalność wybranych metali

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The research on the effect of furnace ash from bituminous coal combustion on the uptake of Cr, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Al by maize (Zea mays L.) was conducted under conditions of a three-year pot experiment. The arable soil in the pot experiment was amended with furnace ash in the amount of 23.33 g·pot^‒1 (corresponding to 20 t·ha^‒1) and with increasing doses of cadmium (3÷15 mg·kg^‒1 soil DM). Application of ash and cadmium in the amount of 3÷5 mg·kg^‒1 DM to the soil had a significant effect on the increase in the yield of above-ground parts and roots of maize. Application of subsequent doses of cadmium (7.5÷15 mg·kg^‒1) caused a considerable reduction in the yield of the tested plant. The research shows that the applied furnace ash reduced the depression in yielding of maize. Introduction of furnace ash to cadmium-contaminated soil caused an increase in the content of Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu and Al in maize biomass and a decrease in the content of Mn in maize. Among the studied metals, Mn was translocated from roots to above-ground parts the most efficiently, and Al - the least efficiently, evidence of which are the highest values of the translocation factor for Mn, and the lowest values for Al. The research showed that ash introduced to cadmium-contaminated soil did not immobilize the above-mentioned metals, and thereby did not reduce the phytoavailability. In general, contamination of the soil with cadmium and introduction of ash stimulated uptake of the metals by maize. We observed that roots took up more Cr, Fe, Ni and Al, whereas above-ground parts of maize took up more Mn and Cu. The lowest uptake of the studied metals by maize was observed in the treatment where only furnace ash was applied.

PL

Badania nad wpływem popiołu paleniskowego z węgla kamiennego na pobieranie Cr, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Al przez kukurydzę (Zea mays L.) przeprowadzono w warunkach trzyletniego doświadczenia wazonowego. W doświadczeniu wazonowym zastosowano do gleby uprawnej popiół paleniskowy, w ilości 23,33 g·wazon^‒1, odpowiadającej 20 t·ha^‒1, oraz wzrastające dawki kadmu, w ilości 3÷15 mg·kg^‒1 s.m. gleby. Zastosowanie popiołu oraz kadmu w ilości 3÷5 mg·kg^‒1 s.m. do gleby wpłynęło istotnie na zwiększenie plonu części nadziemnych i korzeni kukurydzy. Natomiast zaaplikowanie kolejnych dawek kadmu (7,5÷15 mg·kg^‒1) spowodowało istotne obniżenie plonu testowanej rośliny. Z badań wynika, że zaaplikowany popiół paleniskowy zmniejszył depresję plonowania kukurydzy. Wprowadzenie popiołu paleniskowego do gleby zanieczyszczonej kadmem wpłynęło na zwiększenie zawartości Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu i Al w biomasie kukurydzy, natomiast wpłynęło na zmniejszenie zawartości Mn w kukurydzy. Spośród badanych metali najłatwiej był przemieszczany z korzeni do części nadziemnych Mn, a najsłabiej Al, o czym świadczą największe wartości współczynnika translokacji dla Mn, a najmniejsze wartości dla Al. Z badań wynika, że popiół wprowadzony do gleby zanieczyszczonej kadmem nie wpłynął na immobilizację wyżej wymienionych metali, a tym samym nie ograniczył fitoprzyswajalności. Generalnie zanieczyszczenie gleby kadmem i wprowadzenie popiołu stymulowało pobieranie metali przez kukurydzę. Stwierdzono większe pobranie Cr, Fe, Ni i Al przez korzenie, natomiast Mn i Cu przez części nadziemne kukurydzy. Najmniejsze pobranie badanych metali przez kukurydzę zarejestrowano w obiekcie, w którym zastosowano wyłącznie popiół paleniskowy.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

ash; Cr; Mn; Fe; Ni; Cu; Al; maize; tolerance index; metal translocation factor; metal content; metal uptake

PL

popiół; Cr; Mn; Fe; Ni; Cu; Al; kukurydza; indeks tolerancji plonu; wskaźnik translokacji metali; zawartość metali; pobranie metali

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
• Czasopismo: Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: T. 18, nr 4
• Strony: 405--422
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 43 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Antonkiewicz J.

• University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Av. Mickiewicz Adam 21, 31-120 Krakow

autor

Jasiewicz C.

• University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Av. Mickiewicz Adam 21, 31-120 Krakow

autor

Kępka W.

• University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Av. Mickiewicz Adam 21, 31-120 Krakow

autor

Kowalewska A.

• University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Av. Mickiewicz Adam 21, 31-120 Krakow

autor

Pełka R.

• University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Av. Mickiewicz Adam 21, 31-120 Krakow

autor

Losak T.

• Department of Environmentalistics and Natural Resources, Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

autor

Hlusek J.

• Department of Environmentalistics and Natural Resources, Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

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