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The present study aims to summarise the major evidence on the climate development in the pyramid fields based on the Abusir data and dating to the Old Kingdom (2700-2200 BCE). The interpretation of the latest evidence presented in the article is based on the identification and evaluation of molluscs, beetles, Lake of Abusir sediments, small vertebrae and archaeological evidence documented during the research of several Old Kingdom tomb complexes and the seasonal Lake of Abusir. The study shows that this climate change was of a long-term nature and its origins may be dated to at least the latter half of the Fifth Dynasty.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
75--82
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 32 poz., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- Czech Institute of Egyptology, Charles University In Prague, Nam. J. Palacha 2, 110 00 Praha 1, Czech Republic
Bibliografia
- 1. Bárta, M. 1999. The Title "Priest of Heket" in the Egyptian Old Kingdom. Journal of NearEastern Studies 58 (2): 107-116.
- 2. Bárta, M. 2013. Long term or short term? Climate change and the demise of the Old Kingdom, Climate in the Ancient Near East. Proceedings of a conference held in Copenhagen, Copenhagen, forthcoming.
- 3. Bárta, M., A. Bezdek, V. Cerny, S. Ikram P. Kocar, R. Kfivanek, M. Kujanova, P. Pokorny, C. Reeder, Z. Suvova and P. Vlckova 2009. Abusir XIII: Abusir south 2 : tomb complex of the vizier Qar, his sons Qar Junior and Senedjemib, and Iykai. Prague: Czech Institute of Egyptology, Faculty of Arts, Dryada.
- 4. Bárta, M., Vl. Bruna, and R. Kfivanek. 2003. Research at South Abusir in 2001-2002 - methods and results. Pamdtky Archeologicke XCIV: 1-34.
- 5. Bárta, M., Vl. Bruna 2006. Satellite atlas of the pyramids : Abu Ghurab, Abusir, Saqqara, Dahshur Prague: Dryada.
- 6. Bárta, M., A. Bezdek 2008. Beetles and the decline of the Old Kingdom: Climate change in ancient Egypt. H. Vymazalova, M. Barta, eds., Chronology and Archaeology in Ancient Egypt (The Third Millennium B.C.). Proceedings of the Conference Held in Prague (June 11-14, 2007), Prague: Czech Institute of Egyptology, 214-222.
- 7. Bárta, M., F. Coppens, and H. et al. Vymazalova. 2010. AbusirXIX : tomb of Hetepi (AS 20), tombs AS 33-35 and AS 50-53. 1 vols. Prague: Czech Institute of Egyptology.
- 8. Bell, B. 1970. The oldest records of the Nile floods. Geographical Journal 136.4, 569-573.
- 9. Bell, B. 1971. The dark ages in ancient history. I. The first dark age in Egypt. American Journal of Archaeology 75.1, 1-26.
- 10. Bunbury, J., Jeffreys, D. 2011. Real and Literary Landscapes in Ancient Egypt, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 21:1,65-75.
- 11. Butzer, K. 1959. Studien zum vor-und fruhgeschichtlichen Land-schaftswandel der Sahara. III. Die Naturlandschaft Àgyptens wdhrend der Vorgeschichte und der Dynastischen Zeit. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur. Bonn.
- 12. Butzer, K. W. 1976. Early hydraulic civilization in Egypt : a study in cultural ecology, Prehistoric archeology and ecology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- 13. Cilek, V., Bârta, M., Lisa, L., Pokornâ, A., Jufickovâ, L., Brùna, Vl., Abdel Moneim A. Mahmoud, Bajer, A., Novak, J., Benes, J. 2012. Diachronic development of the Lake of Abusir during the third millennium BC, Cairo, Egypt. Quaternary International 266 (2012) 14-24.
- 14. Fairbanks, R. G. 1989. A 17,000-yearglacio-eustatic sea level record: influence of glacial melting rates on the Younger Dryas event and deep-ocean circulation, Nature 342, 7 December, 637-642.
- 15. Giddy, L. 1994. Memphis and Saqqara during the Late Old Kingdom: Some topographical considerations. In HommagedJean Leclant, edited by C. Berger, G. Clerc and N.-C. Grimal. Cairo: Institut Francais d'Archéologie Orientale.
- 16. Hassan, Fekri A. 1997. The dynamics of a riverine civilisation: a geoarchaeological perspective on the Nile valley. World Archaeology 29 (1):51-74.
- 17. Hassan, Fekri A. 2010. Climate change, Nile floods and riparia. In Riparia dans l'Empire Romain, edited by E. Hermon. Oxford: Oxbow books.
- 18. Herb, M. and F. Foster. 2009. "From desert to town: The economic role of desert game in the Pyramid Ages of ancient Egypt as inferred from historical sources: (c. 2600-1800 BC). An outline of the workshop's inspiration and objectives." In H. Riemer, F. Foster, M. Herb, N. Pollath (eds.), Desert animals in the eastern Sahara: Status, economic significance, and cultural reflection in antiquity. Proceedings of an Interdisciplinary ACACIA Workshop held at the University of Cologne, December 14-15, 20070. Heinrich Barth Institut, 17-44. Cologne.
- 19. Jeffreys, D. 2001. High and Dry? Survey of the Memphite escarpment. Egyptian Archaeology 19,15 Jeffreys, D. 2001. High and Dry? Survey of the Memphite escarpment. Egyptian Archaeology 19, 15-16.
- 20. Jeffreys, D. 2006a. Field Work 2005 - 06. Memphis: escarpment survey, Journal of Egyptian archeology 92, 16-19.
- 21. Jeffreys, D. 2006b. The Survey of Memphis: recent results. Egyptian Archaeology 32, 14-15.
- 22. Jeffreys, D. 2010. The Survey of Memphis VII. The Hekekyan Papers and other sources for the Survey of Memphis. London: Egypt Exploration Society.
- 23. Jeffreys, D., and A. Tavares. 1994. The historic landscape of Early Dynastic memphis. MDAIK 50, 143-173.
- 24. Lutley, K., Bunbury, J. 2008. The Nile on the Move, Egyptian Archaeology 32, 3-5.
- 25. Obsomer, C. 1995. Sésostris Ier : Étude chronologique et historique du régne, Étude/Connaissance de l'Égypte ancienne. Brussels: Connaissance de l'Égypte ancienne.
- 26. Odler, M., Dulikovâ, V. and Jufickovâ, L. 2013 Molluscs from the Stone and Mudbrick Tombs in Abusir (Egypt) and the Provenance of s-called "Nile-mud", Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica. Natural Sciences in Archaeology Vol. IV, Issue 1, URL: http://www.iansa.eu/papers/IANSA-2013-01-odler_onlinefirst.pdf
- 27. Pokorny, P., Kocâr, P., Sùvovâ, Zd., Bezdëk, A. 2009. Palaeoecology of Abusir South according to plant and animal remains, in Bárta et al. 2009, AbusirXIII, 29-48.
- 28. Seidlmayer, S. J. 2001. Historische und moderne Nilstände: Untersuchungen zu den Pegelablesungen des Nils from der Frühzseit bis in die Gegenwart, Achet (Series) ; A 1. Berlin: Achet Verlag.
- 29. Settgast, J. 1963. Untersuchungen zu altägyptischen Bestattungs-darstellungen, Abhandlungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Kairo. Ägyptologische Reihe. Glückstadt: J. J. Augustin.
- 30. Süvovä, Z. 2011. Shells (Mollusca). in: Vymazalova, H. et al.: The Tomb of Kaiemtjenenet (AS 38) and the surrounding structures (AS 57-60). Abusir XXII. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, Prague, 159.
- 31. Weiss, H., Bradley, R., S., 2001. What drives societal collapse?: Science Vol. 291, 26 January, 609-610.
- 32. Wilkinson, T. A. H. 2000. Royal annals of ancient Egypt: the Palermo stone and its associated fragments, Studies in Egyptology. London: Kegan Paul International.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
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