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The aim of European Union policy is to implement the principles of sustainable development, in which particularly important are: environmental protection and rational management of resources. Major role is given to waste management and appropriate prioritization of activities in this area. The main goal of waste management is prevention, minimization and elimination of wastes "at source", as well as encouraging efficient use of natural resources through recovery and recycling of waste. Storage process should be minimalized over the years until the complete elimination. As shown by statistics data, unfortunately in Poland, the process is very slow. The analysis of the data provided by the Central Statistical Office (CSO) over the last thirteen years shows a significant increase in the level of recovery and recycling of municipal waste. All together it was 11.654 million Mg of municipal waste collected in 2016. Wastes selected from municipal waste (paper, glass, plastics, metals) accounted for only 25.2% (2.942 million Mg), and mixed waste accounted for 74.8% (8.712 million Mg). In 2016 the recycling rate was 27.83%, composting or fermentation – 16.22%, 19.44% of municipal wastes are subjected thermal transformation and the storage level is 36.51%. Landfilling is still the most common form of municipal waste disposal.
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Czasopismo
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Tom
Strony
55--61
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 22 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- University of Zielona Góra, Poland
autor
- Silesian University of Technology, Poland
autor
- Technical University in Zvolen, Slovak Republic
autor
- Technical University in Zvolen, Slovak Republic
Bibliografia
- 1. Central Statistical Office (CSO). (2008). Environment 2008, (in Polish), Warsaw.
- 2. Central Statistical Office (CSO). (2010). Environment 2010, (in Polish), Warsaw.
- 3. Central Statistical Office (CSO). (2014). Environment 2014, (in Polish), Warsaw.
- 4. Central Statistical Office (CSO). (2017). Environment 2017, (in Polish), Warsaw.
- 5. Cheng, H., Hu, Y. (2010). Municipal solid waste (MSW) as a renewable source of energy: Current and future practices in China, Bioresource Technology, 101(11), pp. 3816-3824.
- 6. COM. (2011). 571 final. Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Brussels: European Commission.
- 7. COM. (2014). 397 final. Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2008/98/EC on waste, 94/62/EC on packaging and packaging waste, 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste, 2000/53/EC on end-of-life vehicles, 2006/66/EC on batteries and accumulators and waste batteries and accumulators, and 2012/19/EU on waste electrical and electronic equipment. Brussels: European Commission.
- 8. COM. (2014). 398, Towards a circular economy: A zero waste programme for Europe, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Brussels: European Commission.
- 9. EEA Report No 2/2013. (2013). Managing municipal solid waste — a review of achievements in 32 European countries, [online] Available at: http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/managing-municipal-solid-waste [Accessed: 08 Apr. 2015].
- 10. Eurostat. (2013). Official Website. [online] Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statisticsexplained/index.php/Municipal_waste_statistics [Accessed: 08 Apr 2017]
- 11. Korzeniowski, A., Skrzypek, M. and Szyszka, G. (2001). Packaging in logistic systems, (in Polish). Poznań: Library Logistics.
- 12. Kotharia, R., Tyagib, V.V, Pathakb, A. (2010). Waste-to-energy: A way from renewable energy sources to sustainable development, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(9), pp. 3164-3170.
- 13. Michniewska, K. (2017). Analysis of secondary raw material prices in Poland in 2016, (in Polish). Logistyka Odzysku 1/2017(22), pp. 58-65.
- 14. Prawisudha, P., Namioka, T., Yoshikawa, K. (2012). Coal alternative fuel production from municipal solid wastes employing hydrothermal treatment, Applied Energy, 90(1), pp. 298-304.
- 15. Rosik-Dulewska, Cz. (2015). Basics of waste management, 6th ed., (in Polish). Warsaw: PWN.
- 16. The Act of 13 June 2013. on the management of packaging and packaging waste (Journal of Laws 2013, pos. 888), (in Polish), Warsaw.
- 17. The Act of 11 May 2001, The law obligations in the field of management of certain wastes and on product fee (unified text Journal of Laws 2014, pos. 1413), (in Polish), Warsaw.
- 18. Usón, AA., López-Sabirón, AM., Ferreira, G. (2013). Uses of alternative fuels and raw materials in the cement industry as sustainable waste management options, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 23, pp. 242-260.
- 19. Zarębska, J. (2012). Evaluation of waste packaging management system in Lubuskie. In: W. Biały and J. Kaźmierczak, eds., Systems supporting production engineering, (in Polish. Gliwice: Publisher PKJS, pp. 267-278.
- 20. Zarębska, J. (2013). Environmental and economic aspects of packaging waste management in Lubuskie, (in Polish). Zielona Góra: Publishing House of the University of Zielona Góra.
- 21. Zarębska, J. (2014). Packaging waste in Poland - current status and perspective. Management, 18(2), pp. 160-174.
- 22. 06.Sustainable consumption and production, (2006), (in Polish), [online] Available at: www.eea.europa.eu/pl/publications/srodowisko-europy.pdf, [Accessed: 20 Feb. 2015].
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-a7da540f-529b-4afb-9fb8-2677e2fd072d