Effect of graphene as anti-settling agent for magnetorheological fluid

• Autorzy: Thanikachalam J. , Nagaraj P. , Hikku G. S.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Purpose: Magnetorheological fluids are field-responsive fluids containing magnetic particles suspended in a suitable medium. In this proposed work, the iron powder was dispersed in silicone oil to obtain magnetorheological fluid. These fluids can be transformed from liquid-like state to solid-like state within milliseconds by applying magnetic field and vice versa. The particles arrange as chain like pattern with the application of magnetic field, increasing the yield strength of the fluid. However, when the shear stress reaches the critical value, the chain like pattern breaks causing reduction in yield strength. One of the major limitations of these fluids is that the suspended particles settle down quickly forming cake like structure at the bottom, which is very difficult to re-disperse. Design/methodology/approach: The present study focuses on increasing the Sedimentation time of the fluid by adding suitable Nano additives. For this purpose graphene nanoparticles with atomic thickness were introduced as an additive to decrease the sedimentation of the fluid. The added graphene sheets (gap-fillers) filled the interspaces of Iron particles and improved the sedimentation resistance. Different quantities of graphene were added (0.5 g, 1.5 g, 2.5 g and 3.5 g) and their normalized height was calculated with time. Interpolation method was also done to find the sedimentation values with Graphene addition which were not done experimentally. Findings: The prepared samples were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope, Optical Microscopy, Viscometer etc. Contour plot was interpreted to understand the effect of graphene addition towards the normalized height and viscosity of the fluid.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

magnetorheological fluid; normalized height; graphene sheets; ball mill; interpolation

PL

ciecz magnetoreologiczna; arkusz grafenu; młyn kulowy; interpolacja

• Wydawca: International OCSCO World Press
• Czasopismo: Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: Vol. 77, nr 2
• Strony: 49--56
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 21 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Thanikachalam J.

• Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, 626005, India

autor

Nagaraj P.

• Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, 626005, India

autor

Hikku G. S.

• Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, 626005, India

Bibliografia

• [1] T.M. Lopez-Lopez, P. Kuzhir, G. Bossis, P. Mingalyov, Preparation of well-dispersed Magnetorheological fluids and effect of dispersion on their magnetorheological properties, Rheologica Acta 47 (2008) 787-796.
• [2] J. Claracq, J. Sarrazin, J.P. Montfort Viscoelastic properties of magnetorheological fluids, Rheologica Acta 43 (2004) 38-49.
• [3] Y. Rong, R. Tao, X. Tang, Flexible fixturing with phase-change Materials. Part 1. experimental study on magnetorheological fluids, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 16 (2000) 822-829.
• [4] S. Samouhos, Carbon Nanotube-Magnetite composites, with applications to developing unique magnetorheological fluids, Journal of Fluids Engineering 129 (2007) 429-437.
• [5] B.O. Park, B.J. Park, J.M. Hato, H.J. Choi, Soft magnetic carbonyl iron microsphere dispersed in grease and its rheological characteristics under magnetic field, Colloid and Polymer Scince 289 (2011) 381-386.
• [6] Ki. Koyama, K. Minagawa, T. Watanabe, Y. Kumakura, J.I. Takimoto, Electro-magnetorheological effects in parallel-field and cross-field systems. Journal of non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 58 (1995) 195-206.
• [7] W.L. Zhang, Y.D. Liu, H.J. Choi, Field-responsive smart composite particle suspension: materials and rheology, Rheology Journal 24 (2012) 147-153
• [8] K. Zhang, B.J. Park, F.F. Fang, H.J. Choi, Sonochemical Preparation of Polymer Nanocomposites, Molecules 14 (2009) 2095-2110.
• [9] F.F. Fang, H.J. Choi, Noncovalent self-assembly of carbon nanotube wrapped carbonyl iron particles and their magnetorheology, Journal of Applied Physics 103 (2008) 07A301.
• [10] K. Karakoc, E.J. Park, A. Suleman, Design considerations for an automotive magnetorheological brake, Mechatronics 18 (2008) 434-447.
• [11] Y. Zhu, S. Murali, W. Cai, X. Li, J.W. Suk, J.R. Potts, R.S. Ruoff, Graphene and Graphene Oxide: synthesis, properties, and application. Advanced Materials 20 (2010) 1-19.
• [12] Z.J. Li, B.C. Yang, S.R. Zhang, C.M. Zhao, Graphene oxide with improved electrical conductivity for super capacitor electrode, Applied Surface Science 258 (2012) 3726-3731.
• [13] H.B. Cheng, P. Hou, Q.J. Zhang, N.M. Wereley, Effect of storage and ball milling on the sedimentation and rheology of a novel magnetorheological fluid, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 149 (2009) 012043.
• [14] L. Shahriary, A.A. Athawale, Graphene Oxide synthesized by using modified hummers approach, International Journal of Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering 2 (2014) 58-63.
• [15] H. Chiriac, G. Stoian, Influence of particle size distributions on magnetorheological fluid performances, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 200 (2010) 072095.
• [16] M.R. Jolly, J.W. Bender, D.J. Carlson, Properties and applications of commercial magnetorheological fluids, Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 10 (1999) 5-13.
• [17] E.S. Premalatha, R. Chokkalingam, M. Mahendran, Magneto mechanical properties of iron based MR fluids. American Journal of Polymer Science 2 (2012) 50-55.
• [18] B.K. Kumbhar, S.R. Patil, A study on properties and selection criteria for magneto-rheological (MR) fluid components, International Journal of ChemTech Research 6 (2014) 3303-3306.
• [19] R.V. Upadhyay, Z. Laherisheth, K. Shah, Rheological properties of soft magnetic flake shaped iron particle based magnetorheological fluid in dynamic mode, Smart Materials and Structures 23 (2014) 015002.
• [20] A. Gomez-Ramirez, M.T. Lopez-Lopez, F. GonzalezCaballero, J.D.G. Duran, Stability of magnetorheological fluids in ionic liquids, Smart Materials and Structures 20 (2011) 045001.
• [21] S. Sun, Y. Cao, J. Feng, P. Wu, Click chemistry as a route for the immobilization of well-defined polystyrene onto graphene sheets, Journal of Materials Chemistry 20 (2010) 5605-5607.