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An overview of particle number emission from direct injection SI engine in scope of new legislation rules

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
PL
Analiza emisji liczbowej cząstek stałych z silników z zapłonem iskrowym i bezpośrednim wtryskiem benzyny w świetle nowych przepisów prawnych
Języki publikacji
EN PL
Abstrakty
EN
The main advantages of using direct injection in an SI engine, such as lower fuel consumption and higher thermal efficiency, implicate a new problem concerning gasoline engines: the emission of particulate matter. The observed issue has been a significant direction of development of the contemporary DISI engine over the last decade. This paper contains an overview of the results of PN emission, which were obtained from experiments conducted at BOSMAL and from the literature. Current and future legal regulations regarding PN emissions were collated to the test results.
PL
Główne korzyści z zastosowania bezpośredniego wtrysku benzyny w silnikach ZI, takie jak mniejsze zużycie paliwa czy większa sprawność termiczna silnika, wiążą się także z problemem niespotykanym dotąd w silnikach ZI, tj. z emisją cząstek stałych. Przez ostatnią dekadę zjawisko to wyznaczyło kierunek rozwoju współczesnych silników benzynowych z bezpośrednim wtryskiem. Artykuł ten zawiera przegląd wyników badań emisji liczby cząstek stałych w trakcie różnych projektów badawczych zrealizowanych w Instytucie BOSMAL, a także przedstawionych w literaturze. Wyniki odniesiono do obecnych i przyszłych wymogów prawnych dotyczących emisji cząstek stałych.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Strony
67--78
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 29 poz., il., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
  • Engine Research Department at BOSMAL Automotive Research & Development Institute Ltd in Bielsko-Biała
autor
  • Engine Research Department at BOSMAL Automotive Research & Development Institute Ltd in Bielsko-Biała
autor
  • Engine Research Department at BOSMAL Automotive Research & Development Institute Ltd in Bielsko-Biała
Bibliografia
  • [1] Andersson J., Keenan M., Akerman K. GDI particles – legislation, current levels and control. Ricardo Presentation, 9/99801.1, 2014.
  • [2] Archer G. Particle emissions from petrol cars – briefing. Transport and Environment, 2013.
  • [3] Bielaczyc P. (ed.) Particulate matter emissions from engine and automobile sources. Workshop Proceedings form 1st Workshop on Particulate Matter Emissions from Engine and Automobile Sources, BOSMAL Automotive R&D Institute, Bielsko-Biala 2012, Combustion Engines, 3 (150), 2012.
  • [4] Bielaczyc P., Czerwinski J., Woodburn J. Current trends in measurement and control of particle emissions from engines. Combustion Engines, 3 (150), 2012, 89–96.
  • [5] Bielaczyc P., Szczotka A., Woodburn J. Investigations on fuel ethanol content and ambient temperature on particle number and mass emissions from vehicles featuring direct injection gasoline engines. 16th ETH Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles. Zurich 2012.
  • [6] Bielaczyc P., Szczotka A., Woodburn J. Particulate Emissions from European vehicles featuring direct injection spark ignition engines tested under laboratory conditions. SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1608, 2014, doi: 10.4271/2014-01-1608.
  • [7] Bielaczyc P., Szczotka A., Woodburn J. Particulate matter emissions from vehicles featuring direct injection spark ignition engines. FISITA 2014, F2014-CET-138.
  • [8] Bielaczyc P., Szczotka A., Woodburn J. The effect of a low ambient temperature on the cold-start emissions and fuel consumption of passenger cars. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Journal of Automobile Engineering, 225, 2011, doi: 10.1177/0954407011406613.
  • [9] Bielaczyc P., Szczotka A., Woodburn J. Regulated emissions, unregulated emissions and fuel consumption of two vehicles tested on various petrol-ethanol blends. SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-2824, 2014, doi: 10.4271/2014-01-2824.
  • [10] Bielaczyc P., Woodburn J., Klimkiewicz D., Pajdowski P., Szczotka A.. An examination of the effect of ethanol–gasoline blends' physicochemical propertieson emissions from a light-duty spark ignition engine. Fuel Processing Technology, 107, 2013, 50–63, doi: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.07.030.
  • [11] Bischof C., Boger T., Gunasekaran N. Advanced particulate filter technologies for direct injection gasoline engine applications. CORNING Inc., DEER Conference, 16-19. 10. 2012.
  • [12] Braisher M., Stone R., Price P. Particle number emissions from a range of european vehicles. SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-0786, 2010, doi: 10.4271/2010-01-0786.
  • [13] Eastwood P. Particulate emissions from vehicles. Wiley-Professional Engineering Publishing Series, 2008, doi: 10.1002/9780470986516.ch2.
  • [14] Karavalakis G., Short D., Russell R., Jung H. et al. Assessing the impacts of ethanol and isobutanol on gaseous and particulate emissions from flexible fuel vehicles. Environmental Science & Technology, 48, 2014, 14016–14024, doi:10.1021/es5034316.
  • [15] Kazour J., Befrui B., Husted H., Raney M. et al. Innovative sprays and particulate reduction with GDi injectors. SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-1441, 2014, doi: 10.4271/2014-01-1441.
  • [16] Khalek I., Bougher T., Jetter J. Particle emissions from a 2009 direct injection gasoline engines using different commercially available fuels. SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricatns, 3 (2), 2010, 623–637, doi:10.4271/2010-01-2117.
  • [17] Kittelson D., Kraft M. Particle formation and model in internal combustion engines. University of Cambridge. Preprint No. 142, 2014, doi: 10.1002/9781118354179.auto161.
  • [18] Kohler F. Testing of Particulate Emissions from Positive Ignition Vehicles with Direct injection. Transport and Environment 2013.
  • [19] Mamakos A., Martini G., Marotta A. Assessment of different technical options in reducing particle emissions from GDI vehicles. Journal of Aerosol Science, 63, 2013, 115–125, doi: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2013.05.004.
  • [20] Merkisz J., Pielecha J. Emisja cząstek stałych ze źródeł motoryzacyjnych. Wyd. Politechniki Poznańskiej, Poznań 2014.
  • [21] Metz N. Health effects of diesel particulate matter – new investigations make the existence of a treshold value very probable. Aachener Kolloquim Fahrzeug und Motorentechnik, Aachen 2003.
  • [22] Myung C., Park S. Exhaust nanoparticle emissions from internal combustion engines – review. International Journal of Automotive Technology,1 (13), 2012, 9–22, doi: 10.1007/s12239-014-0022-x.
  • [23] Piock W. et al. Strategies towards metting future particulate matter emissions requirements in homogeneous GDI engines. SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-1212, 2011, doi: 10.4271/2011-01-1212.
  • [24] Storey J. et al. Exhaust particle characterization for lean and stoichiometric DI vehicles operating on ethanol-gasoline blends. SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0437, 2012, doi: 10.4271/2012-01-0437.
  • [25] Worldwide emissions standards: Passenger cars and light duty vehicles – guide book 2014-2015. Published by Delphi Corp. On-line access: www.delphi.com/emissions-pc
  • [26] Zhang S., McMahon W. Particulate emissions for LEV II light-duty gasoline direct injection vehicles. SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants, 5 (2), 2012, 637–646, doi: 10.4271/2012-01-0442.
  • [27] Zhao F., Harrington D., Lai M. Automotive gasoline direct injection engines. SAE International 2002.
  • [28] Zhao H. Advanced direct injection combustion engine technologies and development. Woodhead Publishing Limited, Vol. 1, 2010.
  • [29] AVL web site. On-line access: www.avl.com/emission-measurement
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-a7094c2f-ca8b-4745-b541-c9275a162286
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