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Nowoczesne metody segmentacji obrazów w wybranych przemysłowych i medycznych systemach wizyjnych

Autorzy
Fabijańska A.
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
PL
Abstrakty
PL
W rozprawie przedstawiono podsumowanie dotychczasowych prac autorki dotyczących problemu segmentacji obrazów cyfrowych. Omówione zagadnienia dotyczą zarówno opracowania nowoczesnych algorytmów dedykowanych rozważanemu problemowi, jak również ich zastosowania i weryfikacji w rzeczywistych aplikacjach systemów wizyjnych z dziedziny przemysłu oraz medycyny. W szczególności, zagadnienia referowane w rozprawie dotyczą czterech zasadniczych problemów, którymi są: wykorzystanie teorii grafów w segmentacji obrazów, wykorzystanie teorii błądzenia przypadkowego w segmentacji obrazów, zastosowanie technik subpikselowych do poprawy odwzorowania kształtu obiektów w procesie segmentacji oraz wykorzystanie procesu dyfuzji do sterowania przebiegiem segmentacji obrazów. W pierwszej kolejności skupiono się na najnowszych technikach grafowych stosowanych w segmentacji obrazów. Przedstawiono ich charakterystykę, przeanalizowano słabe strony oraz zaproponowano dwa autorskie rozwiązania, pozwalające na eliminację wskazanych wad. Następnie rozważano algorytm random walker oparty na teorii błądzenia przypadkowego. Zaproponowano sposób połączenia tej metody z prowadzonym w trzech wymiarach rozrostem obszaru, w taki sposób, aby skutecznie dokonywać segmentacji danych wolumetrycznych i jednocześnie unikać wycieków spowodowanych nieciągłością krawędzi poddawanych segmentacji obiektów. Znaczącą część rozprawy poświęcono również problemowi zastosowania subpikselowych metod przetwarzania i analizy obrazów w procesie segmentacji. Dokonano obszernego przeglądu istniejących metod z tej grupy oraz przeanalizowano ich przydatność w procesie segmentacji obrazów. Zaproponowano autorskie rozwiązanie dedykowane segmentacji obrazów z subpikselową precyzją. Ostatecznie rozważono możliwość połączenia anizotropowej filtracji obrazów opartej na procesie dyfuzji z segmentacją poprzez rozrost obszaru. W konsekwencji, opracowano uniwersalny algorytm, który pozwala na poprawną segmentację struktur o włosowatym kształcie. Wszystkie zaprezentowane w rozprawie algorytmy segmentacji obrazów zaimplementowano, a ich poprawność zweryfikowano poprzez zastosowanie w rzeczywistych systemach pomiarowych, reprezentujących trzy zasadniczo różne dziedziny, tj.: metalurgię, włókiennictwo oraz medycynę. Należy również podkreślić, że rozprawa jest pierwszym tak obszernym opracowaniem, poświęconym innym niż tradycyjne metodom segmentacji obrazów cyfrowych.
EN
The dissertation summarizes results of author’s research on digital image segmentation. The discussed issues concern both the development of modern algorithms dedicated to the regarded problem as well as their application and verification in a real-world vision systems from the field of industry and medicine. In particular the issues referred in the dissertation relate to the four main problems, namely: the use of graph theoretical methods in image segmentation, the application of random walk theory in image segmentation, the use of subpixel techniques for increasing accuracy of image segmentation and the application of the diffusion process for controlling image segmentation. Firstly, the latest graph based methods for image segmentation were regarded. Their characteristics were presented and their weaknesses were analyzed. As a result, two author’s methods were presented which allowed for elimination of the identified weaknesses. Next, the random walker algorithm was considered. The new approach based on the random walks theory and region growing was proposed. The introduced method is dedicated to effective segmentation of volumetric images and allows to avoid leakages caused by a weak boundaries of the segmented objects. A significant part of the dissertation was also devoted to the problem of application of subpixel methods of image processing and analysis in image segmentation. The exhaustive review of the existing subpixel methods was provided and their usefulness in image segmentation was examined. The author’s algorithm for image segmentation with subpixel precision was proposed. Finally, the possibility to combine diffusion-based image anisotropic filtering with region growing segmentation was regarded. As a result, a new universal method for segmentation of flow-like, capillary objects was introduced. All image segmentation algorithms proposed in the dissertation were implemented. Their correctness and accuracy were positively verified in the real-world measurement systems, representing three different fields, namely: metallurgy, textiles and medicine. It should also be underlined, that the dissertation is the first one, such exhaustive study devoted to other than the traditional ones image segmentation algorithms.
Słowa kluczowe
PL
EN
Wydawca
Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej
Czasopismo
Zeszyty Naukowe. Rozprawy Naukowe / Politechnika Łódzka
Rocznik
2012
Tom
Z. 435
Strony
1--228
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 547 poz., il., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
Fabijańska A.
  • Politechnika Łódzka. Wydział Elektrotechniki, Elektroniki, Informatyki i Automatyki, Instytut Informatyki Stosowanej
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