Energy efficient and QOS awaretrustworthy routing protocol for manet using hybrid optimization algorithms.

• Autorzy: Annamalai Veeramani R , Annamalai MadhanMohan R.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.7494/csci.2025.26.1.5135

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The security challenges in MANETs are particularly difficult to address. Toassess the reliability of each mobile node, factors such as location, mobility speed, energy usage, transmission count, and neighbor list are considered. This research proposes the Intelligent Dynamic Trust (IDT) paradigm to enhance security in wireless networks. For secure routing, IDT combines beta reputation trust with dynamic trust. Performance analysis was conducted using Network Simulator 3.36, with metrics such as through put, energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, jitter, end-to-end delay, packet loss rate, detection rate, and routing overhead. The results show that the proposed approach out performs existing methods.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

MANET; firefly; whale optimization; energy consumption; secure routing; network symulator

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwa AGH
• Czasopismo: Computer Science
• Rocznik: 2025
• Tom: T. 26 (1)
• Strony: 101--131
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 40 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Annamalai Veeramani R

• University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu 608002, India

autor

Annamalai MadhanMohan R.

• University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu 608002, India

Bibliografia

• [1] Abdullah A.M., Ozen E., Bayramoglu H.: Energy Efficient MANET Routing Protocol Based on Ant Colony Optimization, Adhoc&Sensor Wireless Networks, vol. 47(1-4), pp. 73–96, 2020.
• [2] Amjad M., Afzal M.K., Umer T., Kim B.S.: QoS-aware and heterogeneouslyclustered routing protocol for wireless sensor networks, IEEE Access, vol. 5, pp. 10250–10262, 2017. doi: 10.1109/access.2017.2712662.
• [3] Choudhary S., Narayan V., Faiz M., Pramanik S.: Fuzzy Approach-Based Stable Energy-Efficient AODV Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad hoc Networks. In: Soft-ware Defined Networking for Ad Hoc Networks, pp. 125–139, Springer, Cham, 2022. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-91149-2_6.
• [4] Dhanalakshmi B., SaiRamesh L., Selvakumar K.: Intelligent energy-aware and secured QoS routing protocol with dynamic mobility estimation for wireless sensor networks, Wireless Networks, vol. 27(2), pp. 1503–1514, 2021. doi: 10.1007/s11276-020-02532-8.
• [5] Dsouza M.B., Manjaiah D.H.: Improving the QoS of Multipath Routing in MANET by Considering Reliable Node and Stable Link. In: Sustainable Communication Networks and Application, pp. 535–546, Springer, Singapore, 2021. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-8677-4_43.
• [6] El Dien M.E., Youssif A.A.A., Ghalwash A.Z.: Energy efficient and QoS aware framework for video transmission over wireless sensor networks, Wireless Sensor Network, vol. 8(3), pp. 25–36, 2016. doi: 10.4236/wsn.2016.83003.
• [7] Faheem M., Gungor V.C.: Energy efficient and QoS-aware routing protocol for wireless sensor network-based smart grid applications in the context of industry 4.0, Applied Soft Computing, vol. 68, pp. 910–922, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.asoc.2017.07.045.
• [8] Gayatri V., Kumaran M.S.: Energy Efficient Cluster based Multipath Routing Protocol in MANET using Genetic Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm, International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications in Engineering, vol. 10(4), pp. 231–239, 2022.
• [9] Ghaleb S.A.M., Varadharajan V.: Convergence Factor and Position Updating Improved Grey Wolf Optimization for Multi-constraint and Multipath QoS Aware Routing in Mobile Adhoc Networks, International Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Systems, vol. 13(4), 2020. doi: 10.22266/ijies2020.0831.40.
• [10] Gopalan S.H.: ZHRP-DCSEI, a Novel Hybrid Routing Protocol for MobileAd-hoc Networks to Optimize Energy Using Dynamic Cuckoo Search Algo-rithm,Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 118(4), pp. 3289–3301, 2021.doi: 10.1007/s11277-021-08180-1.
• [11] Hemalatha R., Umamaheswari R., Jothi S.: ANFIS Based Optimal Routing using Group Teaching and Adaptive Equilibrium Optimization based Trust AwareRouting Protocol in MANET, 2021. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-355720/v1.
• [12] Jain R., Kashyap I.: An QoS aware link defined OLSR (LD-OLSR) routing protocol for MANETs, Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 108(3), pp. 1745–1758,2019. doi: 10.1007/s11277-019-06494-9.
• [13] Jayalakshmi D.S., Hemanand D., Kumar G.M., Rani M.M.: An Efficient Route Failure Detection Mechanism with Energy Efficient Routing (EER) Protocol in MANET, International Journal of Computer Network&Information Security, vol. 13(2), 2021. doi: 10.5815/ijcnis.2021.02.02.
• [14] Jiang L., Xia W., Yan F., Shen L., Zhang Y., Gao Y.: QoS-aware Routing Optimization Algorithm using Differential Search in SDN-based MANETs. In: 2021 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), IEEE, 2021. doi: 10.1109/globecom46510.2021.9685327.
• [15] Joshi S.S., R. B.S.: A Novel Golden Eagle Optimizer Based Trusted Ad HocOn-Demand Distance Vector (GEO-TAODV) Routing Protocol, International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications, vol. 8(5), pp. 538–548, 2021. doi: 0.22247/ijcna/2021/209986.
• [16] Kalidoss T., Rajasekaran L., Kanagasabai K., Sannasi G., Kannan A.: QoS awaretrust-based routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks, Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 110(4), pp. 1637–1658, 2020. doi: 10.1007/s11277-019-06788-y.
• [17] Kalpana V., Saravanan G., Noorul Julaiha A.G., Balamanigandan R.: An Intensify Manet Based Channel and QoS Conscious Routing Using AOMDV, TurkishJournal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, vol. 32(3), pp. 35–48, 2022.
• [18] Karthick K., Asokan R.: Mobility aware quality enhanced cluster-based routing protocol for mobile ad-hoc networks using hybrid optimization algorithm, Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 119(4), pp. 3063–3087, 2021. doi: 10.1007/s11277-021-08387-2.
• [19] Kaur T., Kumar D.: MACO-QCR: multi-objective ACO-based QoS-aware cross-layer routing protocols in WSN, IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 21(5), pp. 6775–6783,2020. doi: 10.1109/jsen.2020.3038241.
• [20] Khan Z.A., Sivakumar S.C., Phillips W.J., Robertson B.: QPRR: QoS-awarepeering routing protocol for reliability sensitive data in body area network communication, The Computer Journal, vol. 58(8), pp. 1701–1716, 2015. doi: 10.1093/comjnl/bxu114.
• [21] Kumar D.A., Nyamathulla S., Kirankumar M., Kumar K.V., Jayasankar T.: A Hybrid Secure Aware Routing Protocol for Authentication in MANET, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, vol. 29(3), pp. 8786–8794, 2020.
• [22] Lavanyaa R., Shanmugapriya N.: Energy efficient with trust and QoS-aware optimal multipath routing protocol based on elephant herding optimization for IoTbased wireless sensor networks,Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, vol. 12(9), pp. 979–990, 2021.
• [23] Malar A.C.J., Kowsigan M., Krishnamoorthy N., Karthick S., Prabhu E., Venkat-achalam K.: Multi constraints applied energy efficient routing technique basedon ant colony optimization used for disaster resilient location detection in mobile ad-hoc network, Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, vol. 12(3), pp. 4007–4017, 2021. doi: 10.1007/s12652-020-01767-9.
• [24] Mamatha C.R., Ramakrishna M.: An Energy Efficient Model for Node Rankingand Routing path Computation using Optimal Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Controller, 2023. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1652397/v1.
• [25] Mohanadevi C., Selvakumar S.: A QoS-aware, hybrid particle swarm optimization-cuckoo search clustering based multipath routing in wireless sensor networks, Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 127, pp. 1985–2001, 2021.doi: 10.1007/s11277-021-08745-0.
• [26] Mostafavi S., Hakami V., Paydar F.: A QoS-assured and mobility-aware routing protocol for MANETs, JOIV: International Journal on Informatics Visualization,vol. 4(1), pp. 1–9, 2020. https://joiv.org/index.php/joiv/article/view/343.
• [27] Muthumayil K., Buvana M., Jayasankar T.: Secure and Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for MANET using BAT Optimization, International Journal of Modern Agriculture, vol. 10(2), pp. 1649–1656, 2021.
• [28] Nabati M., Maadani M., Pourmina M.A.: AGEN-AODV: an intelligent energy-aware routing protocol for heterogeneous mobile ad-hoc networks, Mobile Networks and Applications, pp. 576–587, 2021. doi: 10.1007/s11036-021-01821-6.
• [29] Nirmaladevi K., Prabha K.: A selfish node trust aware with Optimized Clusteringfor reliable routing protocol in Manet,Measurement: Sensors, vol. 26, 100680,2023. doi: 10.1016/j.measen.2023.100680.
• [30] Patel J., El-Ocla H.: Energy Efficient Routing Protocol in Sensor Networks UsingGenetic Algorithm, Sensors, vol. 21(21), 7060, 2021. doi: 10.3390/s21217060.
• [31] Quy N.M., Ban N.T., Quy V.K.: An Adaptive On-demand Routing Protocol with QoS Support for urban-MANETs, IAENG International Journal of Computer Science, vol. 49(1), pp. 252–259, 2022. https://www.iaeng.org/IJCS/issues_v49/issue_1/IJCS_49_1_26.pdf.
• [32] Rajathi L.V., Ruba Soundar K.: An advancement in energy efficient clustering algorithm using cluster coordinator-based CH election mechanism (CCCH), Measurement: Sensors, vol. 25, 100623, 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.measen.2022.100623.
• [33] Rama Rao A., Reddy S., Valli Kumari V.: Multi-path selection based on fractional cuckoo search algorithm for QoS aware routing in MANET, Sensor Review,vol. 39(2), pp. 218–232, 2019. doi: 10.1108/SR-08-2017-0170.
• [34] Ramalingam R., Muniyan R., Dumka A., Singh D.P., Mohamed H.G., Singh R.,Anand D., et al.: Routing Protocol for MANET Based on QoS-Aware Service Composition with Dynamic Secured Broker Selection,Electronics, vol. 11(17), 2637, 2022. doi: 10.3390/electronics11172637.
• [35] Rathee M., Kumar S., Gandomi A.H., Dilip K., Balusamy B., Patan R.: Antcolony optimization based quality of service aware energy balancing secure routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, vol. 68(1), pp. 170–182, 2019. doi: 10.1109/tem.2019.2953889.
• [36] Saravanan M., Reddy K.L.K., Nadhan R.S., Kumar K.V., Sundaramurthy B.,Karthik G.: Trusted Optimum Path Selection Using Channel and Node Aware Routing in Manet,Nveo – Natural Volatiles&Essential Oils Journal,pp. 15234–15247, 2021.
• [37] Subbaiah C.V., Govinda K.: Implementing routing protocol for energy-awaremobile ad hoc networks for WBAN-based healthcare systems, Soft Computing,vol. 28, 469, 2023. doi: 10.1007/s00500-023-07975-7.
• [38] Veeraiah N., Khalaf O.I., Prasad C.V.P.R., Alotaibi Y., Alsufyani A., Alghamdi S.A., Alsufyani N.: Trust aware secure energy efficient hybrid protocol for Manet, IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 120996–121005, 2021. doi: 10.1109/access.2021.3108807.
• [39] Vu Q.K., Le N.A.: An Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for MANET in Internetof Things Environment, iJOE International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering, vol. 17(07), pp. 88–99, 2021. doi: 10.3991/ijoe.v17i07.23273.
• [40] Yitayih K.A., Libsie M.: Towards developing enhanced cluster-based QoS-aware routing in MANET, Journal of Computer Networks and Communications, vol. 2020, 5481916, 2020. doi: 10.1155/2020/5481916