Politics of Memory in Public Museums as an Element of China’s Discursive Security

• Autorzy: Bachulska Alicja

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0016.1949

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This article aims at describing and contextualising the growing importance of politics of memory in public museums of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in the context of Beijing’s securitisation efforts. Under Xi Jinping’s rule, the PRC has been expanding its definition of national security to include concepts going beyond conventional wisdom. Discursive security, understood as China’s ability to control domestic as well as international narratives about its role and position to its own advantage, has played an important role in these endeavours. “Correct understanding of history” has been a crucial element of Beijing’s quest to strengthen is discursive security, with politics of memory related to traumatic past events being one of its most important tools. In this context, public museums can be understood as institutions where the PRC’s discursive security is constructed. This article discusses Beijing’s politics of memory as an element of China’s strategy to boost its discursive security, and illustrates it with a case study of the most iconic public museum in the PRC, i.e. the National Museum of China and its history exhibitions, namely the Road of Rejuvenation and the Road of Rejuvenation: New Era.

PL

Muzea publiczne w Chińskiej Republice Ludowej (ChRL) coraz większe znaczenie przypisują polityce historycznej, co wpisuje się w podejmowane przez Pekin działania sekurytyzacyjne. Pod rządami Xi Jinpinga Chińska Republika Ludowa rozszerzyła definicję bezpieczeństwa narodowego o koncepty znacznie wykraczające poza konwencjonalną mądrość. W zabiegach tych ważną rolę odgrywa bezpieczeństwo dyskursywne, rozumiane jako zdolność Chin do kontrolowania krajowych i międzynarodowych narracji o roli Państwa Środka oraz jego pozycji, tak aby w narracjach tych państwo to było przedstawiane w korzystnym świetle. „Właściwe rozumienie historii” jest dla Pekinu kluczowe w procesie wzmacniania bezpieczeństwa dyskursywnego. Jedno z najważniejszych narzędzi tego procesu stanowi polityka historyczna, nawiązująca do traumatycznych wydarzeń z przeszłości. Muzea publiczne są postrzegane jako instytucje, w których powinno być kreowane bezpieczeństwo dyskursywne ChRL. W artykule omówiono politykę historyczną jako element chińskiej strategii zwiększania bezpieczeństwa dyskursywnego, a jako jej przykład wskazano wystawy historyczne Droga do Odnowienia (Road of Rejuvenation) oraz Droga do Odnowienia: Nowa Era (Road of Rejuvenation: New Era), prezentowane w najbardziej znanym muzeum publicznym – Chińskim Muzeum Narodowym (National Museum of China).

Słowa kluczowe

EN

China; museums; politics of memory; securitization

PL

Chiny; muzea; polityka historyczna; sekurytyzacja

• Wydawca: Wojskowy Instytut Wydawniczy
• Czasopismo: Kwartalnik Bellona
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: Nr 3
• Strony: 59--80
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 35 poz., zdj.

Twórcy

autor

Bachulska Alicja

• School of Social Sciences, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6953-6677

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).