Badania mineralogiczne, petrograficzne i geochemiczne procesu wietrzenia naturalnych skał z wychodni karbońskich pod kątem rozpoznania technologii obróbki kamienia użytego do wykonywania przedmiotów i kamiennych obiektów Neolitycznych w stanowisku archeologicznym Burren-Marlbank, Irlandia

• Autorzy: Pawlikowski M.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Mineralogical, petrographical and geochemical investigation of weathering process of rock present et natural outcrops as the base for determination of technology used for preparation of Neolithic stone objects, Burren-Marlbank, Ireland

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Park Burren-Marlbank jest jednym z bardziej znanych obiektów Neolitycznych w którym występują kamienne a megality oraz liczne dowody aktywności człowieka w tym ryty skalne. Przedmiotem opracowania jest sprawdzenie struktur i składu mineralnego skał znajdujących się poza rejonem parku, pod kątem genezy niektórych obiektów. Próbki do badań pobrano z miejsc występowania skał w naturalnych odsłonięciach by nie niszczyć chronionych obiektów Parku. Przez analogie interpretowano rzeźby i ryty skalne dzieląc je na wykonane przez człowieka i te które powstały w wyniku procesów geologicznych.

EN

Due to the protection of monuments in the Neolithic archaeological site of Burren-Marlbank, Ireland, mineral and petrographic studies of local rocks in their natural outcrops have been undertaken. Those rocks were used during the Neolithic period for both construction of architectural sites as well as for various types of objects and rites. Stereoscopic, polarizing, scanning microscopy, as well as Raman spectroscopy were used in the studies. Obtained results and conclusions can be applied by analogy to the protected antique stone objects at the site. The results prove that due to lack of siliceous raw materials, local Neolithic tools were made of extruded rock of porcelanite characteristics. Recognition of inventory of stone tools will allow us to determine types of Neolithic man’s activities at the site. sandstones, which influences their different susceptibility to weathering processes. That caused the formation of natural erosive forms with macroscopic features on the rocks, suggesting their creation by human hand. Recognition of natural rocks allowed us to determine features that distinguish between rocks that have been affected and not affected by human activity, based on the degree of cracking of the grains in the surface rocks. The research shows that coal deposits may have existed in Carboniferous rocks at the Burren-Marlbank site area. Perhaps it was the local coal used in hearths in the Neolithic period (in the absence of another fuel due to poor plant representation) that was the decisive factor in the location of the settlement in this place. This hypothesis and the obtained results should be tested in further research.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Park Archeologiczny; mineralogia; kamienie

EN

Archaeological Park; mineralogy; stones

• Wydawca: nakł. Maciej Pawlikowski
• Czasopismo: Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: nr 23
• Strony: 1--25
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys., tab., wykr., zdj.

Twórcy

autor

Pawlikowski M.

• AGH-Univ. Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Alexandrowicz Z., Pawlikowski M., 1983 Mineral crusts of the surface weathering zone of sandstone tors the Polish Carpathians. Mineral. Pol. v. 13, 2, 41-58.
• 2. Burns G., Nolan J., 2017 Burren-Malbank. A prehistoric monumental landscape. Bookprintinguk.com, 206 p.
• 3. Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., 1986 Results of field researches between Qurna and Armant, Upper Egypt. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ablaitung Kairo v. 31, 230-256.
• 4. Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., 1987 Investigations into Site MA 6/83 and MA 21/83 in the region of Qurna-Armant in Upper Egypt. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ableintung Kairo. B. 43,45-66.
• 5. Ginter B., Kozłowski J.K., Lityńska M., Pawlikowski M., 1988 Field report from the excavation of the site MA 21/83 and MA 21a/83 near Armant in Upper Egypt in 1986. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archaeol. Inst. Ablaitung Kairo. Band 44, 86-104.
• 6. Kaczanowska M., Kozlowski J.K., Pawlikowski M., 1984 Flint’s raw material from Yugoslavia. Beograd - book/2
• 7. Kozlowski J.K., Kaczanowska M., Pawlikowski M., 1986 Chipped stone industry - Gomolava. Prace Archeol. T. 37.
• 8. Pawlikowski M., 1989 On the necessity of standarization of petrological investigations in archaeology. Prace Archeol. 43, 7-15.
• 9. Pawlikowski M., 1990 Origin of lithic row materials. W: A. Montet-White The epigravvetian site of Grubgraben, Lower Austraia. The 1986-1987 excavations. Universytet Liege, Ed. by M.Otte, 93-119.
• 10. Pawlikowski M., 1992 Anaslysis of tephra layers from TD-II and TD-V excavations. In: Kozlowski, Laville, Ginter: Temnata Cave. Jagiellonian University Press, 501p.
• 11. Pawlikowski M., Wasilewski M., 2004 Some remarks on Joining in the Theban limestones in the region of Deir el Bahari. Egypt. Geologia, T. 30, z.1, 47-56.
• 12. Pawlikowski M., 2007 Examination of the patina coating natural Theban limestones as well as blocks of Hatshepsut Temple, Upper Egypt. Auxiliary sciences in archaeology, preservation of relicts and environmental engineering. CD -no 2, Ed. M. Pawlikowski
• 13. Pwlikowski M., 2013 Why are there very few archaeologial sites of the Eaeky Holocene in the Egyptaian Nilee Valley, Geological and geomorphological reasons. Studie4s in Near Eastern Production, Subsistence and Environment (16) Neolithization of Northeastern Africa. Springer, 83-96.
• 14. Pawlikowski M., Sitarz M., Sęk M., 2013 Mineralogy of patina: Flints from Easy Desert. Egypt. 2013 Stories written in stone. Iasi. 20-24.08.2013. 55
• 15. Pawlikowski M., 2014 ( za rok 2013) The geoarchaeology of occupied Wadis in Egypt. Archaeologia Polona v. 49, 163-179.
• 16. Pawlikowski M., Wróbel M., 2014 ( za rok 2013) Rediscovering old mining activities in the Tatra Mountains. Geoturism 1-2, 37-46.
• 17. Pawlikowski M., 2014 Flint and fire. Auxiliary sciences in archaeology, preservation of relicts and environmental engineering. CD -no 18, Ed. M. Pawlikowski
• 18. Pawlikowski M., 2015 Results of mineralogical and technological investigation of pottery and daub. In; S. Rzepecki (ed.) Wilkostowo 23/24. A Neolithic Settlement in Kuyavia. Poland c. 3500 BC. DR. Rudolf Habet GmbH, Bonn, 405-422.
• 19. Pawlikowski M., 2016 r Surowce kamienne Epoki Kamienia.(Stone raw materials of Stone Age in Poland- book). Wyd. Naukow Akapit. Kraków, 99 p.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2018).