Metody badań niejednorodności energetycznej powierzchni katalizatorów i adsorbentów

• Autorzy: Woszczyński P.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Methods of investigation energetical heterogeneity on the surface of catalysts and adsorbents

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

The knowledge of the properties and a surface structure of catalysts and adsorbents is of great importance in the selection of these materials to the relevant objectives. Interesting structural information can be obtained in many ways, for example: with the use of spectroscopic or microscopic techniques or in direct examination of the adsorption isotherms. This article focuses on these last-mentioned methods, which can be a source of information on energy heterogeneity of the catalyst or adsorbent surface. Heterogeneity is usually determined by measuring adsorption isotherms of a selected adsorbate on the examined adsorbent, which is dependent of adsorbate coverage on the adsorbent relative to the equilibrium pressure under isothermal conditions. Among the many mathematical models describing this relationship particularly interesting is the adsorption isotherm model described by generalized integral Fredholm equation. The solution of this equation is density function with the assumed local isotherm model. There are different ways to solve the Fredholm equation, depending on measurement methods of obtained adsorption isotherms. For example, an application of static techniques (gravimetric or volumetric) needs to use advanced, sophisticated numerical methods for directly solving integral equations, other techniques (e.g. such as calorimetric or chromatographic) provide specific values that simplify these calculations. The resulting energy density function allows to observe active centers as peaks or inflections of the curve on the energy spectrum graph.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

heterogeniczność; niejednorodność energetyczna; równanie Fredholma; adsorpcja; kalorymetria; chromatografia; odwrócona chromatografia gazowa; chromatografia z odwróconym przepływem; programowana termiczna desorpcja

EN

heterogeneity; adsorbent; catalyst; Fredholm equation; adsorption; calorimetry; chromatography; inverse gas chromatography; IGC; reverse-flow IGC (RF-IGC ); programmed thermal desorption (TPD); TPD

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
• Czasopismo: Wiadomości Chemiczne
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: [Z] 67, 7-8
• Strony: 635--664
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 63 poz., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Woszczyński P.

• Instytut Ciężkiej Syntezy Organicznej „Blachownia” ul. Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle

Bibliografia

• [1] G .A. Somorjai, Introduction to Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1994.
• [2] G . Ertl, H. Knozinger, Schuth, J. Weitkamp, Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Wiley-VCH Verlag Gmbh & Co. KGaA, 2008.
• [3] B . Grzybowska-wierkosz, Elementy katalizy heterogenicznej, PWN 1993.
• [4] D .A. McQuarrie, J.D. Simon, Physical chemistry: a molecular approach, University Science Books, 1997.
• [5] W. Rudzinski, D.H. Everet, Adsorption of gases on heterogeneous surfaces, Academic Press Ltd, 1992.
• [6] J.A. Dumesic, G.W. Huber, M. Boudart, Handbook of heterogeneous Catalysis, 1, Wyd. II, Wiley-VH Verlag Gmbh & Co. KGaA, 2008, s. 1.
• [7] D .M. Young, A.D. Crowell, Physical adsorption of gases, Buterworths, 1962.
• [8] T . Kitagawa, T. Tsunekawa, K. Iwayama, Microporous Materials, 1996, 7, 227.
• [9] A . Hirotani, K. Mizukami, R. Miura, H. Takaba, T. Miya, A. Fahmi, A.K. Stirling, Appl. Surf. Sci., 1997, 120, 81.
• [10] L .O. Paz-Borbon, R.L. Johnston, G. Barcaro, A. Fortunelli, Eur. Phys. J. D, 2009, 52, 131.
• [11] S .B. Waghmode, P. Bharathi, S. Sivasanker, R. Vetrivel, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2000, 38, 433.
• [12] M. Jaroniec, R. Madey, Physical adsorption on heterogeneous solids, Elsevier Science Publishers N.V., 1988.
• [13] B . Charmas, R. Leboda, J. Chromatogr. A, 2000, 886, 133
• [14] A .M. Puziy, O.I. Poddubnaya, Yu.N. Kochkin, N.V. Vlasenko, M.M Tsyba, Carbon, 2010, 48, 706.
• [15] K.F. Scott, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans I, 1980, 76, 2065.
• [16] H . Tominaga, T. Arahata, M. Nagai, Chem. Eng. Sci., 2008, 63, 5071.
• [17] H . Balard, Langmuir, 1997, 13 (5), 1260.
• [18] H . Balard, D. Maafa, A. Santini, J.B. Donnet, J. Chromatogr. A, 2008, 1198, 173.
• [19] K. Nieszporek, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2004, 228 (14), 334.
• [20] K. Nieszporek, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2008, 255(8), 4627.
• [21] K. Nieszporek, T. Banach, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2011, 50, 3078.
• [22] P. Szabelski, K. Nieszporek, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2003, 107, 12296.
• [23] J. Choma, M. Jaroniec, Langmuir, 1997, 13, 1026.
• [24] M.S. Balathanigaimmani, W.G. Shim, N.J Lee, C. Kim, J.W. Lee, H. Moon, Electrochem. Comm., 2008, 10, 868.
• [25] M.S. Balathanigaimmani, W.G. Shim, M.J Lee, J.W. Lee, H. Moon, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2008, 53, 732.
• [26] S .W. Provencher, Comput. Phys. Commun, 1982, 27, 213.
• [27] S .W. Provencher, Comput. Phys. Commun, 1982, 27, 229.
• [28] N .V. Vlasenko, Yu.N. Kochin, A.M. Puziy, J. Mol. Catal. A Chem., 2006, 253, 192.
• [29] S . Arnrich, G. Kalies, P. Brauer, Adsorption, 2011, 17, 823.
• [30] J.U. Keller, R. Staudt, Gas Adsorption Equilibria. Experimental Methods and Adsorptive Isotherms, Springer 2005.
• [31] D .M. Ruthven, Mol. Sieves, 2008, 7, 1.
• [32] J.W. McBain, A.M. Bakr, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48 (3), 690.
• [33] J.B. Condon, Surface Area and Porosity Determinations by Physisorption. Measurements and Theory, Elsevier B.V. 2006.
• [34] V . Solinas, I. Ferino, Catalysis Today, 1998, 41, 179.
• [35] Y u. Tarasevich, E.V. Aksenenko, S.V. Bondarenko, Theor. and Experim. Chem., 2010, 1, 27.
• [36] G . Guiochon, A. Felinger, D.G. Shirazi, A. M. Katti, Fundamentals of Preparative and Nonlinear Chromatography, 2nd ed, Academic Press Elsevier, 2006.
• [37] T . Paryjczak, Chromatografia gazowa w badaniach adsorpcji i katalizatorów, PWN, 1986.
• [38] J.A. Jonson, Pure & Appl. Chem., 1996, 68(8), 1591.
• [39] T .I. Bakaeva, C.G. Pantano, C.E. Loope, V.A. Bakaev, J. Phys. Chem B, 2000, 104, 8518.
• [40] V .A. Bakaev, T.I. Bakaeva, C.G. Pantano, J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 969, 153.
• [41] V .A. Bakaev, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2007, 111, 7463.
• [42] V .A. Bakaev, T.I. Bakaeva, C.G. Pantano, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2007, 111, 7473.
• [43] T . Holm, J. Chromatogr. A, 1999, 842, 221.
• [44] B .V. Stolyarov, L.A. Kartsova, Russ. Chem. Rev., 1987, 56, 591.
• [45] N .A Katsanos, R. Thede, F. Roubani-Kalantzopolou, J. Chromatogr. A, 1998, 795, 133.
• [46] N .A. Katsanos, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. I, 1982, 78, 1051.
• [47] N .A. Katsanos, Pure & Appl. Chem., 1993, 65(10), 2245.
• [48] N .A. Katsanos, E. Arvanitopoulou, F. Roubani-Kalantzopoulou, A.Kalantzopoulos, J. Phys. Chem. B, 1999, 103, 1152.
• [49] F . Roubani-Kalantzopoulou, Th. Artemiadi, I. Basisiotis, N.A.Katsanos, V. Plagianakos, Chromatographia, 2001, 53, 315.
• [50] E . Metaxa, T. Ageakopoulou, C.-S. Karagianni, F. Roubani-Kalantzopoulou, Instrumentation Science & Technology, 2009, 37(5), 584.
• [51] M. Fadoni, L. Lucareli, [w:] Adsorption and its Application in Industry and Environmental Protection, Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, ed. A. Dbrowski, vol. 120, Elsevier Science, B.V. 1999.
• [52] E . Papirer, E. Brendle, F. Ozil, H. Balard, Carbon, 1999, 37, 1265.
• [53] F . Thielmann, D. Pearse, J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 969, 323.
• [54] A .M. Puziy, T. Matynia, B. Gawdzik, O.I. Poddubnaya, Langmuir, 1999, 15, 6016.
• [55] M.S. Balathanigaimani, W.-G. Shim, K.H. Park, J.-W. Lee, H. Moon, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2009, 118, 232.
• [56] T .J. Bandosz, J. Colloid and Interface Sci., 1997, 193, 127.
• [57] A . Zukal, J. Jagiello, J. Mayerova, J. ejka, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2011, 13, 15468.
• [58] H . Balard, O. Aouadj, E. Papirer, Langmuir, 1997, 13, 1251.
• [59] L . Boudriche, R. Calvet, B. Hamdi, H. Balard, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2012, 399, 1.
• [60] L . Boudriche, R. Calvet, B. Hamdi, H. Balard, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2011, 392, 45.
• [61] A . Auroux; Topics in Catalysis, 1997, 4, 71.
• [62] T .R. Brueva, I.V. Mishin, G.I. Kapustin, Thermochimica Acta, 2001, 379, 15.
• [63] D . Sternik, P. Staszczuk, M. Majdan, A. Gadysz-Paska, E. Dbrowska, K. Bigda, J. Therm. Anal. Cal., 86, 2006, 69.