Possible pitfalls in the procedure for paleobiodiversity-dynamics analysis

• Autorzy: Ruban Dmitry A. , Loon A. J. (Tom)

Warianty tytułu

PL

Pułapki analizy paleo-bioróżnorodności

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The changes in the diversity of specific taxa during certain parts of the geological past (paleobiodiversity dynamics) can, in principle, be established by counting the number of the fossil taxa present (worldwide or in a specific study area) in rocks dated for the time interval under study. Numerous obstacles are present, however, for instance in the form of lacking field data, disappeared collections, ambiguous identifications, temporary ‘disappearence’ of taxa, and dating problems. One major problem is the fact that, particularly in regional studies in some countries, a local, regional or national chronostratigraphic terminology is used rather than the chronostratigraphy recommended by the International Stratigraphic Commision of the International Union of Geological Sciences. This hampers international correlation and makes precise global paleodiversity-dynamics analyses extremely difficult. A reliable insight into the true paleodiversity dynamics requires not only that the various problems are recognized, but also that their consequences are eliminated or, if this is impossible, minimized. This is particularly important if the effects of mass extinctions on fauna and flora are investigated. Each analysis of paleobiodiversity-dynamics analysis of phenomena related to mass extinctions should therefore try to quantify the impact that missing data or inaccuracies of any kind may have on the final results; such an analysis should, in addition, try to find a solution for the major problems, so as to avoid significant inaccuracies of the calculated values. Large electronic databases can help, since about a decade, to diminish possible errors in diversity estimates. Paleobiodiversity should preferably be expressed in the form of values with a certain band with, indicating the inaccuracy, rather than in the form of exact values.

PL

Zmiany w zróżnicowaniu gatunków w pewnych przedziałach czasu przeszłości geologicznej (dynamika paleo-bioróżnorodności) są z zasady ustalane poprzez zliczanie liczby taksonów skamieniałości (na świecie lub na wybranym obszarze) w skałach datowanych na badany interwał czasowy. Tym niemniej procedura ta napotyka wiele przeszkód, np. w postaci braku danych z jakiegoś obszaru, zagubionych kolekcji, niejednoznacznych identyfikacji, czasowego „zaniku” taksonów czy problemów datowania. Jednym z głównych problemów, zwłaszcza w badaniach regionalnych w niektórych krajach, jest stosowanie lokalnej, regionalnej lub krajowej terminologii chronostratygraficznej, a nie chronostratygrafii rekomendowanej przez Międzynarodową Komisję Stratygraficzną przy Międzynarodowej Unii Nauk Geologicznych. Utrudnia to międzynarodowe korelacje i czyni niezwykle trudnym przeprowadzenie precyzyjnej globalnej analizy dynamiki paleo-bioróżnorodności. Wiarygodny wgląd w prawdziwą dynamikę paleo-bioróżnorodności wymaga nie tylko rozpoznania różnych problemów, ale również wyeliminowania ich konsekwencji, a gdy to niemożliwe, zminimalizowania ich. Jest to szczególnie ważne w przypadku, gdy badane są następstwa masowego wymierania fauny i flory. Dlatego każda analiza dynamiki paleo-bioróżnorodności zjawisk związanych z masowym wymieraniem powinna zawierać próbę ilościowego oszacowania wpływu, jakie brakujące dane lub niedokładności jakiegokolwiek rodzaju mogą wywierać na końcowe wnioski. Taka analiza powinna próbować znaleźć rozwiązanie dla głównych problemów, ażeby uniknąć znaczących niedokładności w obliczonych wartościach. Duże elektroniczne bazy danych, dostępne od około 10 lat, mogą pomóc w zmniejszeniu możliwych błędów przy szacowaniu różnorodności. Najlepiej, gdyby paleo-bioróżnorodność była wyrażana w formie wartości w pewnym zakresie, wskazującym na niedokładność, a nie w formie precyzyjnej wartości.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

biodiversity; taxonomy; biostratigraphy; geochronology; Lazarus taxa

PL

bioróżnorodność; taksonomia; biostratygrafia; geochronologia; taksony Łazarza

• Wydawca: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza. Instytut Geologii
• Czasopismo: Geologos
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: Vol. 14, No. 1
• Strony: 37--50
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 92 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Ruban Dmitry A.

• Department of Geology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa

autor

Loon A. J. (Tom)

• Institute of Geology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Maków Polnych 16, 61-606 Poznan, Poland;

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).