Jakość powietrza w środowisku szpitalnym a zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologiczne

Kauch, Katarzyna; Brągoszewska, Ewa; Mainka, Anna

doi:10.15199/9.2025.6.2

Artykuł - szczegóły

Tytuł artykułu

Jakość powietrza w środowisku szpitalnym a zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologiczne

Autorzy

Kauch Katarzyna , Brągoszewska Ewa , Mainka Anna

Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma

https://cieplowent.pl/

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.15199/9.2025.6.2

Warianty tytułu

Air Quality in Hospital Settings and Microbiological Pollutants

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

Jakość powietrza wewnętrznego (IAQ, ang. Indoor Air Quality) jest determinowana przez szereg czynników, wśród których - obok parametrów fizykochemicznych - istotną rolę odgrywa komponent biologiczny, czyli obecność zanieczyszczeń mikrobiologicznych. Choć ich wpływ jest znaczący, obszar ten wciąż bywa stosunkowo rzadko analizowany w ramach oceny IAQ. Bioaerozole, według szacunków odpowiadają za około 10%-20% zakażeń szpitalnych (HAI, ang. Healthcare-Associated Infections). HAI stanowią poważne zagrożenie dla zdrowia pacjentów, personelu medycznego oraz osób odwiedzających, prowadząc nie tylko do powikłań zdrowotnych, lecz także do wydłużonego czasu hospitalizacji i wzrostu kosztów leczenia. Z uwagi na charakter środowiska szpitalnego, kontrola jakości powietrza i redukcja jego mikrobiologicznego obciążenia stanowią istotne wyzwanie w kontekście ochrony zdrowia publicznego. W arykule zebrano dane, dotyczące jakości powietrza w placówkach szpitalnych - jego charakterystyki, potencjalnych zagrożeń oraz metod skutecznego ograniczania zanieczyszczeń mikrobiologicznych. Analizie poddano literaturę anglojęzyczną dostępną w bazach takich jak PubMed, ScienceDirect czy ResearchGate. Z przeprowadzonego przeglądu wynika, że badania nad mikrobiologiczną jakością powietrza najczęściej koncentrują się na typie systemów wentylacyjnych oraz podstawowych parametrach fizycznych powietrza, takich jak temperatura i wilgotność. Znacznie mniej uwagi poświęca się jednak innym czynnikom, które mogą istotnie wpływać na stężenie drobnoustrojów. Ograniczone jest zainteresowanie szczegółową oceną funkcjonowania systemów wentylacyjnych, które stanowią jeden z kluczowych elementów kształtujących jakość powietrza wewnętrznego. Dalsze badania powinny charakteryzować się kompleksowym podejściem, obejmującym analizę wzajemnych zależności pomiędzy czynnikami zewnętrznymi i wewnętrznymi oraz ich wpływu na dynamikę obecności drobnoustrojów w powietrzu wewnętrznym. Szczególne znaczenie należy przypisać ocenie roli systemów wentylacyjnych i filtracyjnych - w tym skuteczności stosowanych filtrów - w poprawie jakości powietrza w przestrzeniach o podwyższonym reżimie czystości, takich jak szpitale.

Indoor air quality (IAQ) is determined by a range of factors, among which - alongside physicochemical parameters – the biological component, i.e. the presence of microbiological contaminants, plays a significant role. Although their impact is considerable, this aspect is still relatively rarely analysed within the framework of IAQ assessment. According to estimates, bioaerosols are responsible for approximately 10%-20% of healthcareassociated infections (HAIs). HAIs pose a serious threat to the health of patients, medical staff, and visitors, leading not only to health complications but also to prolonged hospital stays and increased treatment costs. Due to the specific nature of the hospital environment, air quality control and the reduction of its microbiological burden constitute a significant challenge in the context of public health protection. This study compiles data on air quality in hospital facilities - its characteristics, potential hazards, and methods for effectively reducing microbiological contamination. The analysis was based on English-language literature available in databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ResearchGate. The review indicates that research on the microbiological quality of air most often focuses on the type of ventilation systems and basic physical parameters of air, such as temperature and humidity. However, considerably less attention is given to other factors that may significantly influence microbial concentrations. There is limited interest in the detailed evaluation of the operation of ventilation systems, which are among the key elements shaping indoor air quality. Future research should adopt a comprehensive approach, encompassing an analysis of the interrelationships between external and internal factors and their impact on the dynamics of microbial presence in indoor air. Special importance should be assigned to assessing the role of ventilation and filtration systems – including the effectiveness of the filters used - in improving air quality in spaces with elevated cleanliness requirements, such as hospitals

Słowa kluczowe

jakość powietrza wewnętrznego zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologiczne szpital redukcja zanieczyszczeń kontrola zanieczyszczeń

indoor air quality microbiological contaminant hospital pollution reduction pollution control

Wydawca

Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT

Czasopismo

Ciepłownictwo, Ogrzewnictwo, Wentylacja

Rocznik

2025

Tom

T. 56, nr 6

Strony

10--16

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 63 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Kauch Katarzyna

katarzyna.kauch@polsl.pl

Katedra Technologii i Urządzeń Zagospodarowania Odpadów, Wydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Energetyk,i Politechnika Śląska

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5851-5774

autor

Brągoszewska Ewa

ewa.bragoszewska@polsl.pl

Katedra Technologii i Urządzeń Zagospodarowania Odpadów, Wydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Energetyki, Politechnika Śląska

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6341-9050

autor

Mainka Anna

anna.mainka@polsl.pl

Katedra Ochrony Powietrza, Wydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Energetyki, Politechnika Śląska

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2499-1764

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