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Liquid limit of selected postglacial soils from west-central Poland

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The aim of this paper is to establish a correlation between the liquid limit value obtained in the Casagrande apparatus (wL/cup) and in the cone penetrometer (wL/cone) for typical glacial sediments from west-central Poland and compare them with the correlation equations published in the literature. The following correlation was formulated: wL/cone = 0.91wL/cup+ 1.98. The analysis presented in this paper proves that deriving a generalized and universal relationship wL/cup/wL/cone for all cohesive soils, regardless of their origin, is very challenging and may not be reliable for use in the engineering practice. It is verified that, in the range of low values of liquid limit, the cone penetrometer gives higher values of wL than those obtained from the Casagrande apparatus. However, for the Polish postglacial soils analysed in this paper, the cone penetrometer underestimates the results in relation to the Casagrande apparatus above wL = 22%. For the purpose of this study, wL = 22% was defined as “the point of equivalent results” (wL/cone = wL/cup).
Rocznik
Strony
711--720
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 38 poz., fot., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
  • Poznań University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Civil Engineering, Piotrowo 5, 61-138, Poznań, Poland
  • Poznań University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Civil Engineering, Piotrowo 5, 61-138, Poznań, Poland
  • University of Leeds, Faculty of Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Bibliografia
  • 1. ASTM D 4318, 2000. “Standard test methods for liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index of soils”. Annual Book of American Society for Testing and Material Standards.
  • 2. Atterberg, A., 1911. Die plastizität der Tone. Internationale Mitteilungen Bodenkunde, 1: 4-37.
  • 3. Atterberg, A., 1912. Die Konsistenz und die Bindigheit der Boden. Internationale Mitteilungen Bodenkunde, 2: 148-189.
  • 4. Belviso, R., Ciampoli, S., Cotecchia, V., Federico, A., 1985. Use of the cone penetrometer to determine consistency limits. Ground Engineering, 18: 39-47.
  • 5. BS 1377, 1990. “Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes”. BSI - British Standards Institution.
  • 6. Budhu, M., 1985. The effect of clay content on liquid limit from a fall cone and the British cup device. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 8: 91-95.
  • 7. Casagrande, A., 1932. Research on the Atterberg limits of soils. Public Roads, 13: 121-136.
  • 8. Christaras, B., 1991. A comparison of the Casagrande and fall cone penetrometer methods for liquid limit determination in marls from Crete, Greece. Engineering Geology, 31: 131-142.
  • 9. ČSN 721014, 1968. “Laboratorni stanoveni meze tekutosti zemin” (in Czech). Česka Agentura pro Standadizaci.
  • 10. Di Matteo, L., 2012. Liquid limit of low- to medium-plasticity soils: comparison between Casagrande cup and cone penetrometer test. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 71: 79-85.
  • 11. DIN 18122, 2008. “Erkundung und Untersuchung des Baugrunds”. Beuth Verlag.
  • 12. Dragoni, W., Prosperini, N., Vinti, G., 2008. Some observations on the procedures for the determination of the liquid limit: an application on Plio-Pleistocenic clayey soils from Umbria region (Italy). Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment, 1(2008): 185-197.
  • 13. Flieger-Szymańska, M., Machowiak, K., 2010. Wstępne dane na temat zróżnicowania składu granulometrycznego iłów warwowych w dorzeczu strumienia junikowskiego w południowo-zachodniej części Poznania (in Polish). Archiwum Instytutu Inżynierii Lądowej Politechniki Poznańskiej, 7: 45-53.
  • 14. Florkiewicz, A., Flieger-Szymańska, M., Machowiak, K., Wanatowski, D., 2015. Engineering properties of varved clays from the Junikowski Stream valley in Poland. Geotechnics for Catastrophic Flooding Events: 267-273.
  • 15. Fojtová, L., Marschalko, M., Franeková, R., Kovár, L., 2009. Study of compatibility of methods for liquid limit measurement according to Czech State Standard and newly adopted European Standard. Geoscience Engineering, 55: 55-68.
  • 16. Grønbech, G.L., Nielsen, B.N., Ibsen, L.B., 2011. Comparison of liquid limit of highly plastic clay by means of Casagrande and Fall Cone Apparatus. Pan-Am CGS Geotechnical Conference, 40-46.
  • 17. Hanks, A.J., 1981. Measurement of the liquid limit of soils using the cone penetration method. Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Communication, Engineering Materials Office, Soils and Aggregates Section, Toronto.
  • 18. Hrubesova, E., Lunackova, B., Brodzki, O., 2016. Comparison of liquid limit of soils resulted from Casagrande test and modificated cone penetrometer methodology. Procedia Engineering, 142: 364-370.
  • 19. Jaśkiewicz, K., Wszędyrówny-Nast, M., 2013. Wpływ metodyki oznaczania granic Atterberga na uzyskiwane wartości stopnia plastyczności (in Polish). Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska, 4: 113-118.
  • 20. Leroueil, S., and Le Bihan, J.P., 1996. Liquid limits and fall cones. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 33: 793-798.
  • 21. Norman, L.E.J., 1958. A comparison of values of liquid limit determined with apparatus having bases of different hardness. Geotechnique, 8: 79-83.
  • 22. Orhan, M., Ozer, M., Isik, N., 2006. Comparison of Casagrande and cone penetration tests for the determination of liquid limit of natural soils. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 21: 711-720.
  • 23. Özer, M., 2009. Comparison of liquid limit values determined using the hard and soft base Casagrande appartus and the cone penetrometer. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 68: 289-296.
  • 24. PKN-CEN ISO/TS 17892-1, 2009. „Badania geotechniczne. Badania laboratoryjne gruntów. Część 1: Oznaczanie wilgotności” (in Polish). Polski Komitet Normalizacyjny.
  • 25. PKN-CEN ISO/TS 17892-4, 2009. „Badania geotechniczne. Badania laboratoryjne gruntów. Część 4: Oznaczanie składu granulometrycznego” (in Polish). Polski Komitet Normalizacyjny.
  • 26. PKN-CEN ISO/TS 17892-12, 2009. „Badania geotechniczne. Badania laboratoryjne gruntów. Część 12: Oznaczanie granic Atterberga” (in Polish). Polski Komitet Normalizacyjny.
  • 27. PN-88/B-04481, 1988. „Grunty budowlane. Badania próbek gruntu” (in Polish). Polski Komitet Normalizacji, Miar i Jakości.
  • 28. PN-EN 1997-1/2 Eurokod 7, 2008/2009. „Projektowanie geotechniczne” (in Polish). Polski Komitet Normalizacyjny.
  • 29. Queiroz de Carvalho, J., 1986. The applicability of the cone penetrometer to determine the liquid limit of lateritic soils. Geotechnique, 36: 109-111.
  • 30. Sampson, L., Netterberg, F., 1985. The cone penetration index: a simple new soil index test to replace the plasticity index. Proceedings of 11 th international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering: 1041-1048.
  • 31. Sowers, G., Vesić, A., Grandolfi, M., 1960. Penetration tests for liquid limit. Papers on Soils 1959 Meetings. ASTM International.
  • 32. Spagnoli, G., 2012. Comparison between Casagrande and drop-cone methods to calculate liquid limit for pure clay. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 92: 859-864.
  • 33. Sridharan, A., Nagaraj, H.B., Prakash, K., 1999. Determination of the plasticity index from flow index. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 22: 175-181.
  • 34. Suchnicka, H., 1999. Znaczenie sposobu oceny granicy płynności w identyfikacji stanu gruntu spoistego (in Polish). Inżynieria i Budownictwo, 55: 449-451.
  • 35. Wasti, Y., 1987. Liquid and plastic limits as determined from the fall cone and the Casagrande methods. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 10: 26-30.
  • 36. Wasti, Y., Bezirci, M., 1986. Determination of the consistency limits of soils by the fall cone test. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 23: 241-246.
  • 37. Wires, K., 1984. The Casagrande method versus the drop-cone penetrometer method for the determination of liquid limit. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 64: 297-300.
  • 38. Ziegel, E.R., 2004. The Oxford dictionary of statistical terms. Technometrics, 46: 266-26.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2020).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-9debec47-a01d-4374-b3f5-d7b1afe4a2ba
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