Heavy metal content in substrates in agricultural biogas plants

• Autorzy: Derehajło Stanislaw , Tymińska Magdalena , Skibko Zbigniew , Borusiewicz Andrzej , Romaniuk Waclaw , Kuboń Maciej , Olech Elżbieta , Koszel Milan

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/agriceng-2023-0023

Warianty tytułu

PL

Zawartość metali ciężkich w substratach w biogazownich rolniczych

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The content of heavy metals in soil should be continuously monitored, especially in organic crops. Exceeding the permissible concentrations of these elements may lead not only to inhibition of plant growth but also to ingestion into the organisms of animals that feed on these plants. Heavy metals usually enter the soil via precipitation or manure. There is a noticeable increase in interest in digestate for fields fertilization. Therefore, the authors decided to test the heavy metal content in substrates (slurry and solid input) and digestate. The 15x3 samples tested showed that only trace amounts of heavy metals were present. The study shows that the content of these elements in the digestate is not the sum of the elements supplied to the digester with the substrates. In most of the samples tested, lead concentrations did not exceed 5 mg‧kg-1. The lowest amounts of cadmium (an average of 0.28 mg‧kg-1) were observed in the slurry, and the highest (an average of 0.34 mg‧kg-1) in the solid substrate fed to the digester. Slurry had the lowest mercury and cadmium contents (average 0.012 mg‧kg-1 and 5.8 mg‧kg-1). The highest concentration of chromium was registered in the digestate (average 3 mg‧kg-1) and this was on average 0.3 mg‧kg-1 higher than the feedstock and 0.5 mg‧kg-1 than the slurry.

PL

Zawartość metali ciężkich w glebie powinna być stale monitorowana, szczególnie w przypadku upraw ekologicznych. Przekroczenie dozwolonych stężeń tych pierwiastków może doprowadzić nie tylko do zahamowania wzrostu roślin, ale także do wchłonięcia przez organizmy zwierzęce, które się nimi żywią. Metale ciężkie trafiają do gleby zazwyczaj drogą opadów lub nawozu. Widoczny jest wyraźny wzrost zainteresowania pofermentem do nawożenia pól. Zatem, autorzy zdecydowali o zbadaniu zawartość metali ciężkich w substratach (w gnojowicy i odpadach stałych) oraz w pofermencie. Zbadane próbki wykazały wyłącznie śladowe ilości metali ciężkich. Badanie pokazuje, że zawartość tych elementów w pofermencie nie jest sumą pierwiastków dostarczonych do fermentora z substratami. W większości zbadanych próbek, zawartość ołowiu nie przekraczała 5 mg‧kg-1. Najmniejszą ilość kadmu (średnio 0,28 mg‧kg-1) zaobserwowano w gnojowicy a najwyższe (średnio 0,34 mg‧kg-1) w stałym substracie zasilającym fermentor. Gnojowica miała najniższe stężenie rtęci i kadmu (średnio 0,012 mg‧kg-1 oraz 5,8 mg‧kg-1). Najwyższe stężenie chromu zostało zanotowanie w fermentorze (średnio 3 mg‧kg-1) czyli średnio 0,3 mg‧kg-1 wyższe niż surowiec oraz 0,5 mg‧kg-1 niż gnojowica.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

biogas plant; heavy metals; digestate; impurities; substrate

PL

biogazownia; metale ciężkie; poferment; zanieczyszczenia; substrat

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
• Czasopismo: Agricultural Engineering
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 27, No. 1
• Strony: 315--329
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 59 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Derehajło Stanislaw

• Department of Agronomy, Modern Technology and Informatics, International Academy of Applied Sciences in Lomza, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7036-5601

autor

Tymińska Magdalena

• Department of Agronomy, Modern Technology and Informatics, International Academy of Applied Sciences in Lomza, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3212-2494

autor

Skibko Zbigniew

• Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5238-6019

autor

Borusiewicz Andrzej

• Department of Agronomy, Modern Technology and Informatics, International Academy of Applied Sciences in Lomza, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-7530

autor

Romaniuk Waclaw

• Department of Rural Technical Infrastructure, Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, Branch in Warsaw, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7776-9940

autor

Kuboń Maciej

• Faculty of Technical Sciences and Design Arts, National Academy of Applied Sciences in Przemyśl, Książąt Lubomirskich 6, 37-700 Przemyśl
• Department of Production Engineering, Logistics and Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Kraków

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4847-8743

autor

Olech Elżbieta

• Department of Production Engineering, Logistics and Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Kraków

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4405-701X

autor

Koszel Milan

• Department of Machinery Exploitation and Management of Production Processes, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9527-8459

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).