The possibility of energy consumption reduction using the ECO driving mode based on the RDC test

• Autorzy: Cieślik Wojciech , Szwajca Filip , Golimowski Jacek

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.19206/CE-2020-310

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The greenhouse effect and overall climate changes are the main reasons for developing ecological powertrain units dedicated to road vehicles. An electrical drivetrain without using conventional combustion engines fueled by hydrocarbon fuels is an effective method to significantly reduce CO2 emissions from the fleet. It is particularly vital in 2020 emission regulations aspects, and continuously the number of vehicles increasing. In this paper battery electric drive system of a small size passenger car was analyzed in terms of two different drive modes in cooperation with two recuperative braking modes. The research was carried out with real driving condition test requirements and driving parameters recording. Based on data obtained from OBD signals, energy flow and torque distribution have been specified. In results, overall reducing energy consumption has been achieved with ECO mode compared to normal mode. Selection of the driving mode ECO has a positive impact on reducing the state of charge saving more than 5%, taking into account the whole RDC test; greater energy consumption reductions were observed in selected test areas.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

electric vehicle; energy flow; regenerative braking; powertrain; driving mode

PL

pojazd elektryczny; przepływ energii; hamowanie odzyskowe; układ napędowy; tryb jazdy

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
• Czasopismo: Combustion Engines
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: R. 59, nr 3
• Strony: 59--69
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 42 poz., il. kolor., fot., 1 mapa, wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Cieślik Wojciech

• Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology

autor

Szwajca Filip

• Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology

autor

Golimowski Jacek

• Škoda Service Department, Volkswagen Group Polska Sp. z o.o., Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] BADIN, F., LE BERR, F., BRIKI, H. et al. Evaluation of EVs energy consumption influencing factors, driving conditions, auxiliaries use, driver's aggressiveness. 2013 World Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS27). Barcelona 2013, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1109/EVS.2013.6914723
• [2] BENVENISTE, G., RALLO, H., CANALS CASALS, L., et al. Comparison of the state of lithium-sulphur and lithium-ion batteries applied to electromobility. Journal of Environmental Management. 2018, 226, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.08.008
• [3] BRACO, E., MARTIN, I.S., BERRUETA, A. et al. Experimental assessment of cycling ageing of lithium-ion second-life batteries from electric vehicles. Journal of Energy Storage. 2020, 32, 101695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2020.101695
• [4] BURCHART-KOROL, D., JURSOVA, S., FOLĘGA, P. et al. Life cycle impact assessment of electric vehicle battery charging in European Union countries. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020, 257, 120476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120476
• [5] CABUKOGLU, E., GEORGES, G., KUNG, L. et al. Battery electric propulsion: an option for heavy-duty vehicles? Results from a Swiss case-study. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. 2018, 88, 107-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2018.01.013
• [6] CASALS, L.C., GARCÍA, B.A., AGUESSE, F. et al. Second life of electric vehicle batteries: relation between materials degradation and environmental impact. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 22, 82-93, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-015-0918-3
• [7] CHANG-HEUM, J., SEUNG-TAEK, M. Efficient recycling of valuable resources from discarded lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources. 2019, 426, 259-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.04.048
• [8] CHRISTOPHERSEN, J.P. Battery test manual for electric vehicles. Revision 3. United States: 2015. https://doi.org/10.2172/1186745
• [9] CIEŚLIK, W., PIELECHA, I., SZAŁEK, A. Assessment of parameters of the hybrid drive system in vehicles in urban traffic conditions. Combustion Engines. 2015, 161(2), 14-27.
• [10] Commission Regulation (UE) 2019/631 of 17 April 2019.
• [11] Electric Transport Revolution. https://www.pveurope.eu/News/E-Mobility/Electric-Transport-Revolution-Set-To-Spread-Rapidly-Into-Light-and-Medium-Commercial-Vehicle-Market
• [12] YAO, E., YANG, Z., SONG, Y. et al. Comparison of electric vehicle’s energy consumption factors for different road types. Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society. 2013, 2013, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/328757
• [13] FERNANDEZ, R.A., CARABALLO, S.C., LOPEZ F.C. A probabilistic approach for determining the influence of urban traffic management policies on energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from a battery electric vehicle. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019, 236, 117604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117604
• [14] FLUDER, K., PIELECHA, I., CIEŚLIK, W. The impact of drive mode of a hybrid drive system on the energy flow indicators in the RDE test. Combustion Engines. 2018, 175(4), 18-25. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-2018-403
• [15] FRIEDL, H., FRAIDL, G., KAPUS, P. Highest efficiency and ultra low emission - internal combustion engine 4.0. Combustion Engines. 2020, 180(1), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-2020-102
• [16] GAO, Z., LACLAIR, T., OU, S. et al. Evaluation of electric vehicle component performance over eco-driving cycles. Energy. 2019, 172, 823-839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.02.017
• [17] GIS, W., MERKISZ, J. The development status of electric (BEV) and hydrogen (FCEV) passenger cars park in the world and new research possibilities of these cars in real traffic conditions. Combustion Engines. 2019, 178(3), 144-149. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-2019-325
• [18] GIS, W., PIELECHA, J., MERKISZ, J. et al. Determining the route for the purpose light vehicles testing in Real Driving Emissions (RDE) test. Combustion Engines. 2019, 178(3), 61-66. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-2019-311
• [19] GIS, W., WAŚKIEWICZ, J., MENES, M. Experts forecasts on the demand for energy carriers in motor vehicle transport in Poland up to year 2035. Combustion Engines. 2019, 178(3), 162-165. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-2019-328
• [20] HE, L., YE, W., HE, Z. et al. A combining sliding mode control approach for electric motor anti-lock braking system of battery electric vehicle. Control Engineering Practice. 2020, 102, 104520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2020.104520
• [21] HELD, M., SCHUCKING, M. Utilization effects on battery electric vehicle life-cycle assessment: a case-driven analysis of two commercial mobility applications. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2019, 75, 87-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.08.005
• [22] How to use Real Driving Emission cycles in Simcenter Amesim? https://community.sw.siemens.com/s/article/how-to-use-real-driving-emission-cycles-in-simcenter-amesim
• [23] https://netcarshow.com/volkswagen/2014-e-up/
• [24] https://elektrowoz.pl/auta/skoda-citigoe-iv-elektryczna-skoda-na-bazie-vw-e-up-już-oficjalnie/
• [25] https://leasing.com/car-leasing-news/driven-skoda-fabia-se-1-0-75/
• [26] https://www.statista.com/statistics/1081332/poland-number-of-registered-electric-passenger-cars/
• [27] IEA, Global EV Outlook 2020, IEA, Paris https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2020
• [28] JEONGYONG, K., INHO, S., WOONGCHUL, C. An electric bus with a battery exchange system. Energies. 2015, 8, 6806-6819. https://doi.org/10.3390/en8076806
• [29] KALT, S., BRENNER, L., LIENKAMP, M. Requirements for electric machine design based on operating points from real driving data in cities. World Electric Vehicle Journal. 2019, 10, 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj10040060
• [30] LI, L., LIU, Q. Study on the influence of acceleration curve on electric vehicle energy consumption and battery life. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2020, 512, 012106. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/512/1/012106
• [31] LUK, J., KIM, H., DE KLEINE, R. et al. Impact of power-train type on potential life cycle greenhouse gas emission reductions from a real world lightweight glider. SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-1274, 2017. https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-1274
• [32] MCKERRACHER, C., IZADI-NAJAFABADI, A., O’DONOVAN, A. et al. Electric vehicle outlook 2020. https://about.bnef.com/electric-vehicle-outlook/
• [33] MERKISZ, J., PIELECHA, J. Selected remarks about RDE test. Combustion Engines. 2016, 166(3), 54-61. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-2016-340
• [34] NAUMANEN, M., UUSITALO, T., HUTTUNEN-SAARIVIRTA, E. et al. Development strategies for heavy duty electric battery vehicles: comparison between China, EU, Japan and USA. Resources, Conservation & Recycling. 2019, 151, 104413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104413
• [35] PIELECHA, I., CIEŚLIK, W., FLUDER, K. Analysis of energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles in urban driving conditions. Combustion Engines. 2018, 173(2), 14-18. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-2018-203
• [36] RALLO, H., BENVENISTE, G., GESTOSO, I. et al. Economic analysis of the disassembling activities to the reuse of electric vehicles Li-Ion batteries. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2020, 159, 104785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104785
• [37] SKEETE, J., WELLS, P., DONG, X. et al. Beyond the EVent horizon: battery waste, recycling, and sustainability in the United Kingdom electric vehicle transition. Energy Research & Social Science. 2020, 69, 101581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101581
• [38] SUN, Z., WEN, Z., XIN, Z. et al. Real-world driving cycles adaptability of electric vehicles. World Electric Vehicle Journal. 2020, 11(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/WEVJ11010019
• [39] Training data from Volkswagen group Poland company.
• [40] WANG, G., MAKIN, K., HARMANDAYAN, A. et al. Eco-driving behaviors of electric vehicle users: a survey study. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2020, 78, 102188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.11.017
• [41] WANG, J., BESSELINK, I., NIJMEIJER, H. Battery electric vehicle energy consumption prediction for a trip based on route information. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering. 2018, 232(11), 1528-1542. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407017729938
• [42] ZHAO, Y., YUAN, Z., JIANG, L. Regeneration and reutilization of cathode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2020, 383, 123089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.123089

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).