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This article discusses the fire hazard of motor yachts that are up to 15 meters long. These types of recreational units, in accordance with legal regulations, are not subject to safety inspections. This may lead to negligence that results in a fire within a unit. The construction material most commonly used in the construction of yachts is glass fiber-reinforced plastic, used to produce components such as the hull, deck, and superstructure of motor yachts. The yacht’s equipment, such as furniture and other components, is made, among others, of wood, wood-based materials, or plastics. The results of the flammability tests of such materials presented in this article indicate the need to minimize the risk of fire, the effects of which may be dangerous both to human health and life, as well as the environment.
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
73--79
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 21 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin Faculty of Maritime Technology and Transport 41 Piastów Av., 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
autor
- West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin Faculty of Maritime Technology and Transport 41 Piastów Av., 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
Bibliografia
- 1. Ahlers, K. & Schier, H. (2014) Effects of fire fighting water on vessel’s floating condition and hull structure. Royal Institution of Naval Architects. International Conference on Fire at Sea 2014, pp. 56–58.
- 2. Aramide, F.O., Atanda, P.O. & Olorunniwo, O.O. (2012) Mechanical properties of a polyester fibre glass composite. International Journal of Composite Materials 2 (6), pp. 147‒151.
- 3. Business Insider (2022) W tym jesteśmy potęgą. Polskie jachty podbijają świat. [Online]. Available from: https://businessinsider.com.pl/gospodarka/produkcja-jachtow-w-tym-jestesmy-potega/8qmc44x [Accessed: June 17, 2024].
- 4. Dalfi, H.K., Jan, K., Al-Badri, A., Peerzada, M., Yousaf, Z., Parnell, W., Morrison, N. & Bari, K. (2024) Enhancing the fire-resistance performance of composite laminates via multi-scale hybridisation: A review. Journal of Industrial Textiles 54, doi: 10.1177/15280837241226988.
- 5. Dowbysz, A., Samsonowicz, M. & Kukfisz, B. (2021) Modification of glass/polyester laminates with flame retardants. Materials (Basel) 14 (24), 7901, doi: 10.3390/ ma14247901.
- 6. El-Wazerya, M.S., El-Elamya, M.I. & Zoalfakar, S.H. (2017) Mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polyester composites. International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering 14 (3), pp. 121‒131.
- 7. European Boating Industry (2024) Facts & Figures. [Online]. Available from: https://www.europeanboatingindustry. eu/about-the-industry/facts-and-figures [Accessed: June 15, 2024].
- 8. IMO (2010) International code for application of fire test procedures (2010 FTP Code), MSC 88/26/Add. 2.
- 9. ISO 5660-1:2015. Reaction to fire tests ‒ Heat release, smoke production and mass loss rate. Part 1: Heat release rate (cone calorimeter method) and smoke production rate (dynamic measurement).
- 10. Jianyu, W., Yanmin, X., Jihong, Z., Ke, W., Fan, Y. & Mingjun, L. (2017) Study on evacuation decision model of yachts at fire emergency. Proceedings of the 27th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, ISOPE 2017, pp. 711–718, San Francisco.
- 11. Ministry of Infrastructure and Development (2014) Rozporządzenie Ministra Infrastruktury i Rozwoju z dnia 5 września 2014 r. w sprawie wymagań w zakresie budowy statku, jego stałych urządzeń i wyposażenia dla statków nieobjętych umowami międzynarodowymi. Dz.U. 2014 poz. 1335.
- 12. Ministry of Transport, Construction and Maritime Economy (2012) Rozporządzenie Ministra Transportu, Budownictwa i Gospodarki Morskiej z dnia 28 lutego 2012 r. w sprawie bezpiecznego uprawiania żeglugi przez jachty morskie. Dz.U.2016.1557 t.j.
- 13. Pai, S.P. & Prabhu Gaonkar, R.S. (2020) Using interpretive structural modelling, fuzzy analytical network process, and evidential reasoning to estimate fire risk onboard ships. International Journal of Performability Engineering 16 (9), pp. 1321–1331, doi: 10.23940/ijpe.20.09.p1.13211331.
- 14. PKBWM (2014) Raport końcowy 22/13. Available from: https://pkbwm.gov.pl/wp-content/uploads/images/uchwaly_ raporty/Raport_koncowy_Miss_Alicja_22_13.pdf.
- 15. PKBWM (2015) Raport końcowy 29/14. Available from: https://pya.org.pl/files/PKBWM/RAPORT%20KO%C5% 83COWY%2029_14%20JACHT%20MOTOROWY%20 BGSPORT.pdf.
- 16. PKBWM (2021) Raport końcowy 021/20. Available from: https://pkbwm.gov.pl/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/ Raport-koncowy-WIM-021_20-Wakacyjna-frajda.pdf.
- 17. Sejm RP (2023a) Ustawa z dnia 18 sierpnia 2011 r. o bezpieczeństwie morskim, Dz.U. 2023.1666 t.j.
- 18. Sejm RP (2023b) Ustawa z dnia 7 lipca 2023 r. o zmianie ustawy o żegludze śródlądowej oraz ustawy o czasie pracy na statkach żeglugi śródlądowej. Dz.U.2023.1588.
- 19. Sunaryo, J. & Azhary, A.I. (2014) Analysis on the effectiveness of fire safety equipment in resisting the spread of heat and smoke during fire accident on ro-ro pax crossing ferry (case study on local Indonesian ferries). Royal Institution of Naval Architects ‒ International Conference on Fire at Sea 2014, pp. 90–98.
- 20. Superyacht Times (2024) Yacht Directory. [Online]. Available from: https://www.superyachttimes.com/yachts [Accessed: 17.06.2024].
- 21. Varga, C.S., Miskolczi, N., Bartha, L. & Lipóczi, G. (2010) Improving the mechanical properties of glass-fibre-reinforced polyester composites by modification of fibre surface. Materials & Design 31 (1), pp. 185‒193.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-9b48c3aa-102b-4c69-9e9d-f7ef4587f500
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