Wpływ chemikaliów na stan środowiska morskiego - analiza wypadków na akwenach Europy w latach 1971-2014

• Autorzy: Bogalecka M. , Łukaszewska K.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Chemicals influence on the sea environment condition – analysis of accidents at European sea areas in 1971-2014

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Celem pracy była analiza substancji chemicznych innych niż olej, które w wyniku ponad 40 wypadków, do jakich doszło na akwenach Europy w latach 1971-2014, przedostały się do środowiska morskiego. Substancje te scharakteryzowano pod względem wielkości niebezpieczeństwa, grożącego z ich strony oraz wskazano akweny, które uległy zanieczyszczeniu tymi substancjami w największym stopniu.

EN

The goal of the paper was the analysis of chemicals, other than oil, released as the result of sea accidents that happened around European sea areas in 1971-2014. It was found that: • 43 serious accidents were happened around European sea areas during the analysed period, • about 50 kinds of chemicals were spilled as the result of these accidents, • a few chemicals were spilled more than once, • a lot of accidents were placed at the North Sea – 36,0%, • substances interfere with costal amenities were the largest group of spilled substances – 88,6%, • a lot of substances interfere with costal amenities were highly objectionable (persistence, smell, poisonous or irritant characteristic of substances, beaches liable to be closed) – 52,7%, • a lot of substances interfere with costal amenities were spilled into the Atlantic Ocean – 25,5%, • a lot of substances occurred the air contamination were moderately toxic (lethal concentration LC50: 2 mg/dm3 < LC50 ≤ 10 mg/dm3) – 51,6%, • a lot of substances occurred the air contamination were spilled into the Atlantic Ocean – 38,7%, • a lot of substances occurred the water contamination were moderately toxic (lethal concentration LC50: 1 mg/dm3 < LC50 ≤ 10 mg/dm3) – 48,5%, • a lot of substances occurred the water contamination were spilled into the Atlantic Ocean – 39,4%, • a lot of flammable substances were highly flammable (flashpoint Tz: -18°C < Tz ≤ 23°C) – 64,0%, • a lot of flammable substances were spilled into the Atlantic Ocean as well as the North Sea – 28,0% respectively, • a lot of corrosive substances were moderately dangerous (time of skin necrosis t: 3 min < t ≤ 60 min) – 58,3%, • a lot of corrosive substances were spilled into the Atlantic Ocean as well as the Baltic Sea – 33,3% respectively, • a lot of bioaccumulative substances were characterised very low potential to bioaccumulate (partition coefficient log P: 5 < log P, or bioconcentration factor BCF: 4000 < BCF) – 30,0%, • a lot of bioaccumulative substances were spilled into the North Sea – 25,0%, • there were happened only one accident involved the explosive and radioactive substance.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

substancje niebezpieczne; transport morski; wypadki na morzu

EN

sea environment condition; accidents at European sea areas

• Wydawca: Akademia Marynarki Wojennej im. Bohaterów Westerplatte
• Czasopismo: Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Morskiego
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: R. IX cz. I
• Strony: 77--93
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 3 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Bogalecka M.

• Akademia Morska w Gdyni

autor

Łukaszewska K.

• Akademia Morska w Gdyni

Bibliografia

• [1] Bogalecka M., Analiza jakościowa substancji toksycznych w akwenach Europy będących wynikiem wypadków statków morskich, Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowa „Jakość towarów i usług w innowacyjnej gospodarce”, Gdynia 2014.
• [2] Hazard Evaluation of Substances Transported by Ships. Report of the fortieth session of the GESAMP Working Group on the Evaluation of the Hazards of Harmful Substances Carried by Ships, BLG. 1/Circ.14, International Maritime Organization, London 2004.
• [3] International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (Amendment 36-12), International Maritime Organization, London 2012.