Non-oriented electrical steel under bending and annealing effects

• Autorzy: Hebri Mohamed Amine , Bauw Grégory , Lecointe Jean-Philippe , Duchesne Stéphane , Fawaz Sara , Zito Gianluca , Arslane Idir , Abdelli Abdenour , Maier Adrien , Vandeginen Clément

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/aee.2025.153908

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This study investigates the impact of bending stress and annealing on the magnetic performance of 3% silicon-iron non-oriented electrical steel (NOES). Samples were bent into diameters of 120 mm, 160 mm, and 200 mm representing the internal, average and external diameters of an axial flux machine and their magnetic properties, including permeability and iron losses, were measured. The results show that bending stress significantly degrades these properties, with smaller diameters causing greater deterioration. Annealing treatments were applied to restore performance, with partial or full recovery depending on the annealing temperature. A finite element (FE) model is proposed to account for the effects of bending on magnetic performance, incorporating three regions with distinct magnetic properties corresponding to different bending radii, using the commercial software JMAG-Designer. The study’s findings provide valuable insights into the effects of bending and annealing on NOES, offering potential applications in toroidal transformers and axial flux machines.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

annealing; bending stress; flux density; iron losses; non-grain-oriented silicon steel; relative permeability

• Wydawca: Polish Academy of Sciences, Committee on Electrical Engineering
• Czasopismo: Archives of Electrical Engineering
• Rocznik: 2025
• Tom: Vol. 74, nr 2
• Strony: 447--461
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 13 poz., fot., rys., tab., wykr., wz.

Twórcy

autor

Hebri Mohamed Amine

• Université d’Artois, UR 4025, Laboratoire Systèmes Electrotechniques et Environnement, Béthune, F-62400, France

autor

Bauw Grégory

• Université d’Artois, UR 4025, Laboratoire Systèmes Electrotechniques et Environnement, Béthune, F-62400, France

autor

Lecointe Jean-Philippe

• Université d’Artois, UR 4025, Laboratoire Systèmes Electrotechniques et Environnement, Béthune, F-62400, France

autor

Duchesne Stéphane

• Université d’Artois, UR 4025, Laboratoire Systèmes Electrotechniques et Environnement, Béthune, F-62400, France

autor

Fawaz Sara

• Université d’Artois, UR 4025, Laboratoire Systèmes Electrotechniques et Environnement, Béthune, F-62400, France
• ESME, ESME Research Lab, Campus de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France

autor

Zito Gianluca

• IFP Energies Nouvelles Rueil-Malmaison, 92852, France

autor

Arslane Idir

• CRITT M2A, Bruay-la-Buissière, 62700, France

autor

Abdelli Abdenour

• IFP Energies Nouvelles Rueil-Malmaison, 92852, France

autor

Maier Adrien

• EREM - Etudes Réalisations et Maintenance Wavignies, F-60130, France

autor

Vandeginen Clément

• CRITT M2A, Bruay-la-Buissière, 62700, France

Bibliografia

• [1] Auverlot D., Meilhan N., Mesqui B., Pommeret A., Government Policy in Favour of Ultra-low Emission Vehicles (in French), France Stratégie (2018), available online: https://www.strategie.gouv.fr/ publications/politiques-publiques-faveur-vehicules-tres-faibles-emissions.
• [2] Pyrhonen J., Jokinen T., Hrabovcova V., Design of Rotating Electrical Machines (Second Edition), Wiley (2014), DOI: 10.1002/9780470740095.
• [3] Rebhaoui A., Randi S., Demian C., Lecointe J.-P., Analysis of flux density and iron loss distributions in segmented magnetic circuits made with mixed electrical steel grades, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 58, no. 8, pp. 1–11 (2021), DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2021.3138984.
• [4] Messal O., Kedous-Lebouc A., Youmssi A., Experimental evaluation of the punching impact on the dynamic magnetic performances of M330-35A SiFe steel, European Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 18, no. 5–6, pp. 413–423 (2017), https://hal.science/hal-02278160/.
• [5] Krings A., Nategh S., Wallmark O., Soulard J., Influence of the Welding Process on the Performance of Slotless PM Motors with SiFe and NiFe Stator Laminations, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 296–306 (2014), DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2013.2270972.
• [6] Takahashi N., Morimoto H., Yunoki Y., Miyagi D., Effect of shrink fitting and cutting on iron loss of permanent magnet motor, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 320, no. 20, pp. 925–928 (2008), DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2008.04.170.
• [7] Wang Z., Li S., Wang X., Cui R., Zhang W., Modeling of surface layer and strain gradient hardening effects on micro-bending of non-oriented silicon steel sheet, Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 771, pp. 498–507 (2018), DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2017.08.085.
• [8] Hagihara H., Takahashi Y., Fujiwara K., Ishihara Y., Masuda T., Magnetic properties evaluation of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets under bending stress, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 1–4 (2014), DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2013.2286626.
• [9] Saito A., Yamamoto T., Iwasaki H., Magnetization properties and domain structures of grain-oriented silicon steel sheets due to bending stress, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 3078–3080 (2000), DOI: 10.1109/20.908686.
• [10] Cossale M., Krings A., Soulard J., Boglietti A., Cavagnino A., Practical investigations on cobalt-iron laminations for electrical machines, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 2933–2939 (2015), DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960363.
• [11] Cunha M.A., Paolinelli S.C., Effect of the annealing temperature on the structure and magnetic properties of 3% Si non-oriented steel, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 254, pp. 379–381 (2003), DOI: 10.1016/S0304-8853(02)00912-5.
• [12] Wang J., Li J., Mi X., Zhang S., Volinsky A.A., Rapid annealing effects on microstructure, texture, and magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel, Metals and Materials International, vol. 18, pp. 531–537 (2012), DOI: 10.1007/s12540-012-3024-0.
• [13] Kestens L., Jacobs S., Texture control during the manufacturing of nonoriented electrical steels, Texture, Stress, and Microstructure, vol. 2008, pp. 1–9 (2008), DOI: 10.1155/2008/173083.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki (2025).