Electricity Generation From Swine Wastewater Using Microbial Fuel Cell

• Autorzy: Ogugbue C. J. , Ebode E. E. , Leera S.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/60450

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Electricity generation from swine wastewater using microbial fuel cell (MFC) was investigated Swine wastewater was collected into a dual-chambered (aerobic and anaerobic) fuel cell. The maximum power output using copper and carbon electrodes were 250.54 and 52.33 μW, respectively, while 10.0 and 5.0 cm salt bridge length between the cathode and anode gave maximum power outputs of 279.50 and 355.26 μW, respectively. Cathodic potassium permanganate and distilled water gave maximum power outputs of 1287.8 and 139.18 μW, respectively. MFCs utilized microbial communities to degrade organic materials found within wastewater and converted stored chemical energy to electrical energy in a single step. The initial bacterial and fungal counts were 7.4×10⁶ and 1.1×10³ CFU ml^-1. Bacterial counts steadily increased with time to 1.40×10⁷ CFU ml^-1 while fungal count declined to 4.4×106 CFU ml-1 after day 60. The decline in microbial counts may be attributed to the time necessary for acclimatization of microbes to the anode. The genera identified were Bacillus, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus and Rhizopus. These microbes acted as primary and secondary utilizers, utilizing carbon and other organics of the wastewater. Chemical parameters indicated that the biochemical oxygen demand decreased from 91.4–23.2 mg/L, giving 75% while the chemical oxygen demand ranged from 243.1–235.2 mg/L, representing 3.3% reduction. Although, the metabolic activities of microbes were responsible for the observed degradation, leading to electricity, the overall power output depended on the distance between the anode and cathode ompartments, types of electrode materials and mediators and oxygen reaction at the cathode.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

microbial fuel cell; electricity generation; swine wastewater; bacteria

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: Vol. 16, nr 5
• Strony: 26--33
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 39 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Ogugbue C. J.

• Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, East-West Road, P.M.B. 5323 Choba, 500004 Port Harcourt, Nigeria

autor

Ebode E. E.

• Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological and Chemical Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, East-West Road, P.M.B. 5323 Choba, 500004 Port Harcourt, Nigeria

autor

Leera S.

• Department of Science Laboratory Technology, School of Science and Technology, Rivers State College of Arts and Science, P.M.B. 5936 Rumuola, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Bibliografia

• 1. Aelterman P. 2009. Microbial fuel cells for the treatment of waste streams with energy recovery. PhD Thesis, Gent University, Belgium, 34–40.
• 2. APHA 1995. Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water. 19th ed. APHA-AWWA-WPCF. Washington D.C., 4, 85–137.
• 3. Allen R.M. and H.P. Bennetto 1993. Microbial fuel cells: electricity production from carbohydrates. Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 39–40, 27–40.
• 4. Atlas R.M. 1981. Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons: An environmental perspective. Microbiol. Rev. 45, 180–209.
• 5. Barbir F. 2005. PEM Fuel Cells: Theory and Practice. Burlington, MA, Elsevier, Inc. 567.
• 6. Bond D.R. and D.R. Lovley 2003. Electricity production by Geobacter sulfurreducens attached to electrodes. App. Environ. Microbiol. 69, 1548–1555.
• 7. Bullen R.A., T.C. Arnot, J.B. Lakeman, F.C. Walsh 2006. Biofuel cells and their development. Biosen. Bioelectron, 21, 20–45.
• 8. Choi Y., S. Jung, S. Kim 2000. Development of microbial fuel cells using proteus vulgaris. Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society. 21 (1), 44–48.
• 9. Chris M., G. John, H. Ian, H. John, I. Ioannis 2008. Energy autonomy in robots through microbial fuel cells. IAS Lab, CEMS Faculty, Applied Sciences Faculty, University of the West of England, 432–234.
• 10. Domsch K.H., W. Gams, T.H. Anderson 1993. Compendium of soil fungi. Academic Press., London, 860.
• 11. Emily J., G.E. Mark, N.P.T. Grisdela Jr., P.R. Girguis 2012. Duty cycling influences current generation in multi-anode environmental microbial fuel cells. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46, 5222−5229.
• 12. Feng Z., C.T. Robert, S.J.R. Varcoe 2009. Techniques for the study and development of microbial fuel cells: an electrochemical perspective. Afr. J. 234–453.
• 13. Ghangrekar M.M., and V.B. Shinde 2008. Simultaneous sewage treatment and electricity generation in membrane-less microbial fuel cell, IWA Publishing Water. Sci. & Technol. WST. 58.1.
• 14. Gil G.C., I.S. Chang, B.H. Kim, M. Kim, J.K. Jang, H.S. Park and H.J. Kim 2003. Operational parameters affecting the performance of a mediator-less microbial fuel cell. Biosens. Bioelectron. 18, 327–334.
• 15. Garg S.K. and R. Garg 2012. Environmental studies and green technologies. Khanna Publishers, Nai Sarak Delhi, 254–255.
• 16. Hadagali A., R. Shalini and P. Bhat 2012. Comparative Studies On Electrodes for the Construction of Microbial Fuel Cell. Intl. J. Adv. Biotechnol. Res. 3(4), 785–789.
• 17. Holt J.G., N.R. Krieg, P.H.A. Sneath, J.F. Stanley and S.T. Williams 1994. Bergey’s Manual of Determinative 19th edition. Williams and Wilkins’s, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
• 18. Larminie J., A. and A. Dick 2000. Fuel Cell Systems Explained, the application of Microbial fuel cell. Appl. Biochem. Biotech., 61–107.
• 19. Li Z., X. Zhang, Y. Zeng and L. Lei 2009. Electricity production by an overflow-type wetted microbial fuel cell. Bior. Technol. 100, 2551–2555.
• 20. Liu H., S. Grot and B. Logan 2005. Electrochemically assisted microbial production of hydrogen from acetate, Environ. Sci. & Technol. 39(11), 4317–4320.
• 21. Logan B.E. 2005. Building a two-chamber microbial fuel cell after a tutorial presented by the Logan Group. 554
• 22. Logan, B.E and J.M. Regan 2006. Microbial fuel cells – challenges and applications. Environ Sci. Technol., 40, 5172–5180.
• 23. Lovley D.R. 2006. Bug juice: harvesting electricity with microorganisms. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 4, 497–508.
• 24. Nwachukwu G.N. 2007. Microbial fuel cells and parameters affecting performance when generating electricity MMG 445. Basic Biotechnol. J. 3, 73–79.
• 25. Pelczar, M.J.Jr. R.D. Reid and E.C.S. Chan 1983. Microbiology. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd. New Dehli pp. 845.
• 26. Park, D.H. and Zeikus JG. 2000. Electricity generation in microbial fuel cells using neutral red as an electronophore. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66, 1292–1297.
• 27. Pham, T.H., K. Rabaey, P. Aelterman, P. Clauwaert, L. De Schamphelaire, N. Boon and W. Verstraete 2006. Microbial fuel cells in relation to conventional anaerobic digestion technol. Eng. Life Sci. 6, 285–292.
• 28. Odiete W.O. 1999. Hydrocarbons pollution. In: Environmental Physiology of Animals and Pollution. Diversified Resources Ltd. Lagos, Nigeria, 1, 180–192.
• 29. Oh S.E. and B.E. Logan 2005. Hydrogen and electricity production from a food processing wastewater using fermentation and microbial fuel cell technologies. Water Res. 39, 4673–4682.
• 30. Oh, S.E, Min B, Logan BE. 2004. Cathode performance as a factor in electricity generation in microbial fuel cells. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38, 4900–4944.
• 31. Ogugbue C.J. 2015. Detoxifying and making the environment safe for human habitation. In: Unique Uniport Publication (Special Convocation Edition, June-Sept.), 51–52.
• 32. Rabaey K. and W. Verstraete 2005. Microbial fuel cells: novel biotechnology for energy generation. Trends. Biotechnol. 23, 291–298.
• 33. Singh H.P., J.P. Mishra and L.P. Mahaver 1999. Observation on biochemical and chemical oxygen demands of certain polluted stretch of river Ganga. J. Environ. Biol. 20(2), 111–114.
• 34. Shijie Y.A., Z. Qingliang, Z. Jinna, J. Junqiu and J.Z. Shiqi 2006. A microbial fuel cell using permanganate as the cathodic electron acceptor. J. of Pow. Sour. 162, 1409–1415.
• 35. Sourish K.1., K. Kundu and S.I. Kundu 2010.Design and Development of Microbial Fuel cells. 445–463.
• 36. Surajit, D. and M. Neelam (2010). Recent developments in microbial fuel cells: a review. J. Sci. and Ind. Res. 69, 727–731.
• 37. Venkata M.S., G. Mohanakrishna, S. Srikanth and P.N. Sarma 2008. Harnessing of bioelectricity in microbial fuel cell (MFC) employing aerated cathode through anaerobic treatment of chemical wastewater using selectively enriched hydrogen producing mixed consortia. Fuel. 87, 2667–2676.
• 38. Venkata M.S., R.S. Veer, S. Srikanth and P.N. Sarma 2007. Bioelectricity production by meditor-less microbial fuel cell (MFC) under acidophilic condition using wastewater as substrate: influence of substrate loading rate. Curr. Sci. 92(12), 1720–1726.
• 39. Zhuwei, Du A., H.A. Li, and Gu B. Tingyue 2007. A state of the art review on microbial fuel cells: A promising technology for wastewater treatment and bioenergy. Biotechnol. Advan. 25, 464–468.