Assessment of safety of masonry buildings near deep excavations: impact of excavations on structures

• Autorzy: Jasiński Radosław , Skrzypczak Izabela , Leśniak Agnieszka , Natividade Eduardo

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/bpasts.2024.149817

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The knowledge of the impact and the load-bearing capacity of unstrengthened/strengthened structures is a crucial source of information about the safety of masonry buildings near deep excavations, especially in dense urban areas. Incorrect calculations made for such designs can seriously affect not only an analyzed object but also the adjacent buildings. The safety of masonry buildings can be determined by many factors that are closely related to the hazards presented during the performance of deep excavations. These factors are at first identified and then prioritized. The AHP process in the multi-criteria analysis was used to support the decision-making process related to the verification of factors affecting the safety assessment of masonry buildings in the area of deep excavations. The proper design of building structures, including the verification of the structure strengthening near deep excavations, was found to be the most significant factor determining the safety of such buildings. The methodology for proceeding with the verification of ultimate (ULS) and serviceability (SLS) limit states in accordance with the literature data, current regulations, such as Eurocode 6 and other design standards, and the know-how of the authors, described in this paper was the next stage of the discussed analysis.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

construction safety; deep excavations; excavation impact on masonry structures; AHP; ULS; SLS

PL

bezpieczeństwo konstrukcji; wpływ wykopów na konstrukcje murowane; AHP; ULS; SLS; wykop głęboki

• Wydawca: Polska Akademia Nauk, Wydział IV Nauk Technicznych
• Czasopismo: Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 72, nr 4
• Strony: art. no. e149817
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 57 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Jasiński Radosław

• Faculty of Civil Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Akademicka 5, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4015-4971

autor

Skrzypczak Izabela

• Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Rzeszow University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-3040

autor

Leśniak Agnieszka

• Faculty of Civil Engineering, Krakow University of Technology, Al. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4811-5574

autor

Natividade Eduardo

• Instituto Politecnico de Coimbra, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Coimbra, Rua Pedro Nunes, Quinta da Nora,3030-199 COIMBRA, Portugal

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6213-386X

Bibliografia

• [1] Regulation of the Minister of Infrastructure of April 12, 2002 on the technical conditions to be met by buildings and their location, Journal of Laws of 2002, No. 75, item 690, (in Polish), [Online]. Available: https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20220001225
• [2] L. Szafraniec, “Museum of Silesia 2006–2012,” Muzealnictwo, vol. 47, pp. 115–122, 2006.
• [3] L. Runkiewicz, “Reinforcing and securing existing buildings in the vicinity of infill developments,” (in Polish), Przegląd Bud., vol. 79, no. 4, pp. 28–38, 2008.
• [4] L. Runkiewicz, “Strengthening and securing existing facilities in the vicinity of infill buildings being constructed,” (in Polish), Przegląd Bud., vol 4, pp. 28–38, 2008.
• [5] R. Jasiński, S. Harabinova, K. Kotrasova, and I. Skrzypczak, “Assessment of Safety of Masonry Buildings near Deep Excavations: Ultimate Limit States,” Buildings, vol. 13, no. 11, p. 2803, 2023, doi: 10.3390/buildings13112803.
• [6] T. Godlewski, E. Koda, M. Mitew-Czajewska, S. Łukasik and S. Rabarijoely, “Essential georisk factors in the assessment of the influence of underground structures on neighboring facilities,” Arch. Civ. Eng., vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 113–128, 2023, doi: 10.24425/ace.2023.146070.
• [7] E. Koda and T. Godlewski, “Rules for performing geotechnical assessments of buildings in urban development conditions,” in Diagnostics of building structures. Volume I. Principles of performing expert opinions, L. Runkiewicz Ed., Warszawa, Poland, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2021, pp. 227-254. (in Polish)
• [8] S. Li et al., “Risk assessment of deep excavation construction based on combined weighting and nonlinear FAHP,” Front. Earth Sci., vol. 11, p. 1204721, 2023, doi: 10.3389/feart.2023.1204721.
• [9] U. Issa, F. Saeed, Y. Miky, M. Alqurashi, and E. Osman, “Hybrid AHP-Fuzzy TOPSIS Approach for Selecting Deep Excavation Support System,” Buildings, vol. 12, no. 3, p. 295, 2022, doi: 10.3390/buildings12030295.
• [10] P. Castaldo, M. Calvello, and B. Palazzo, “Probabilistic analysis of excavation-induced damages to existing structures,” Comput. Geotech., vol. 53, pp. 17–30, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2013.04.008.
• [11] P. Castaldo, F. Jalayer, and B. Palazzo, “Probabilistic assessment of groundwater leakage in diaphragm wall joints for deep excavations,” Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol., vol. 71, pp. 531–543, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2017.10.007.
• [12] P. Castaldo, M. Calvello, and B. Palazzo, “Structural safety of existing buildings near deep excavations,” Int. J. Struct. Eng, vol 5, no. 2, pp. 163–187, 2014, doi: 10.1504/IJSTRUCTE.2014.060907.
• [13] P. Castaldo and M. De Iuliis, “Effects of deep excavation on seismic vulnerability of existing reinforced concrete framed structures,” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., vol. 64, pp. 102–112, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.05.005.
• [14] L.T. Saaty. The Analytic Hierarchy Process. Pittsburgh, RWS Publications, 1998.
• [15] A. Prusak and P. Stefanów. AHP - analytical hierarchical process. Construction and analysis of decision models step by step. Kraków, Poland, Wydawnictwo C.H. Beck, (in Polish), 2014.
• [16] G.O. Gudjónsson and J.G. Höskuldsson, Functional Requirements for Permanent Diaphragm Walls, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden 2014.
• [17] Basis of structural design, PN-EN 1990: 2004 Eurocode, 1990.
• [18] Design of masonry structures. Part 1-1: General rules for reinforced and unreinforced masonry structures, PN-EN-1996-1-1:2013 Eurocode 6, 2013.
• [19] Design of masonry structures. Part 1-1: General rules for reinforced and unreinforced masonry structures (Draft), EN-1996-1-1:2017 Eurocode 6, 2017.
• [20] A. Siemińska-Lewandowska, “Deep excavations in cities,” Nowoczesne Budownictwo Inżynieryjne, vol. 6, pp. 82–88, 2014. (in Polish)
• [21] A. Siemińska-Lewandowska, Deep excavations. Design and construction. Warszawa, Poland, Wydawnictwo Komunikacji i Łączności (in Polish), 2010.
• [22] K. Szulborski, A. Kulczycki, and R. Nalewajko, “Contemporary trends in the design and implementation of deep excavation support,” in XXVIII National Workshops of the Work of a Structural Designer Wisła – Beskidy, Poland, 2013, vol. II, pp. 155–198.
• [23] R. Jasiński, “Problems of securing brick buildings in the area of deep excavations,” (in Polish), in XXX NationalWorkshops of the Work of a Structural Designer Szczyrk – Beskidy, Poland, 2015, vol. II, pp. 113–212.
• [24] P.G. Hsieh and C.Y. Ou, “Shape of Grodnu surfach settlement profiles by excavation,” Can. Geotech. J., vol. 35, pp. 1004-1017, 1998.
• [25] P. Popielski, “Methods for assessing the impact of deep foundations on the surroundings,” in XXVIII National Workshops of the Work of a Structural Designer Wisła – Beskidy, Poland, 2013, vol. II, pp. 69–102. (in Polish)
• [26] H. Michalak, “Buildings with deep foundations and ground displacement and surrounding constructions,” Geoinżynieria: drogi, mosty, tunele, vol. 4, pp. 66–76, 2008. (in Polish)
• [27] K. Szulborski, H. Michalak, and M. Woźniak, “Securing and observing objects in the vicinity of deep excavations,” in XXIV National Workshops of the Work of a Structural Designer Wisła – Beskidy, Poland, 2009, vol. III, pp. 229–264. (in Polish)
• [28] M. Kawulok, Assessment of the functional properties of buildings due to mining impact. Warszawa, Poland, ITB, 2000. (in Polish)
• [29] M. Kawulok, Mining damage in construction. Warszawa, Poland, ITB, (in Polish), 2010.
• [30] W. Kotlicki, S. Łukasik, T. Godlewski, and W. Bogusz, Protection of structures adjacent to deep excavacations. Guideline. Warszawa, Poland, ITB, 2020. (in Polish)
• [31] U. Smoltczyk, Geotechnical Engineering Handbook, vol. 1-3, John Wiley and Sons, 2006–2008.
• [32] Unreinforced masonry structures. Design and Calculation, PNB-03002:1999/Az1+Az2, 1999. (in Polish)
• [33] Unreinforced masonry structures. Design and calculation, PNB-03002:2007, 2007. (in Polish)
• [34] D. Siwik and C. Miedzianowski, “Influence of deep building foundation on exsisting buildings,” (in Polish), Budownictwo I Inżynieria Środowiska, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 61–68, 2013.
• [35] L.C. Jen, “The design and performance of deep excavations in clay,” Ph.D. dissertation, Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts, 1998. [Online]. Available: https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/10017
• [36] V.A. Ilichev, N.S. Nikiforova, and E.B. Koreneva, “Method for calculating bed deformations of buildings near deep excavations,” Soil Mech. Found. Eng., vol. 43, no. 6, pp. 189–196, 2006, doi: 10.1007/s11204-006-0060-0.
• [37] H. Michalak, “Selected problems of spatial and structural planning of underground garages in highly industrialized area,” Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria, vol. 33, no. 3/1, 2009, pp. 257–266, 2009. (in Polish)
• [38] Z. Wiłun, Outline of Geotechnics. Warszawa, Poland, Wydawnictwo Komunikacji i Łączności, 1976. (in Polish)
• [39] Geotechnical design. Part 1: General rules. PN-EN 1997-1:2008/NA:2011 Eurocode 7, 2011.
• [40] S. Denczew, “On reasons of damage and rules of exploitation of water-pipe network and sewerage located in the vicinity of deep excavations,” Inżynieria i Budownictwo, vol. 12, pp. 683–687, 1998. (in Polish)
• [41] M.D. Boscardin and E.J. Gording, “Building response to excavation-included settlement,” J. Geotech. Eng., vol. 115, no. 1, pp. 1–21, 1989, doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1989)115:1(1).
• [42] Standard test method for diagonal tension (shear) in masonry assemblages, ASTME 519-02.West Conshohocken (PA):ASTM International; 2002.
• [43] Diagonal tensile strength tests of small wall specimens, RILEM TC: 76-LUM.
• [44] M. Corradi, A. Borri, and A. Vignoli, “Experimental study on the determination of strength of masonry walls,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 17, vol. 5, pp. 325–337, 2003, doi: 10.1016/S0950-0618(03)00007-2.
• [45] S. Chiostrini and A. Vignoli, “In-situ Determination of the Strength Properties of Masonry Walls by Destructive Shear and Compression Tests,” Masonry Int., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 87–96, 1994.
• [46] J. Milosevic, A. Sousa Gago, M. Lopes, and R. Bento, “Experimental assessment of shear strength parameters on rubble stone specimens,” Constr. Build. Mater., vol. 47, pp. 1372–1380, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.06.036.
• [47] NTC08:2008 Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Transporti – Nuove Norme Tecniche per le Costruzioni. Italian Ministry of Infrastructures and Transportation. G.U. n.29 – S.O. n.30, February, 4th 2008, Rome, Italy.
• [48] L. Wysokiński and W. Kotlicki, “Risk of failure of buildings located near deep excavations” in XX Scientific and Technical Conference Construction Failures, Poland, 2001, vol. II, pp. 564–572. (in Polish)
• [49] H. Michalak, S. Pęski, S. Pyrak, and K. Szulborski, “Methods of steening of deep excavations and their influence on adjacent buildings,” Inżynieria i Budownictwo, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 12–15, 1998. (in Polish)
• [50] H. Michalak, “Evaluation of effects of multistory buildings having underground segments on the adjacent soil displacements,” Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Gdańskiej. Budownictwo Lądowe, vol. 60, pp. 55-61, 2006.
• [51] L. Wysokiński and W. Kotlicki, Forecasting land displacement in relation to geotechnical risks of structures.Warszawa, Poland: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Warszawskiej, 1999. (in Polish)
• [52] R.B. Peck, “Deep excavation and tunneling in soft ground,” in Proceedings of 7𝑡ℎ ICSMFE, State-of-the-Art volume, Mexico, 1969, pp. 225–290.
• [53] Recommendations for the Design and Construction of Beds and Foundations for Buildings near Existing Structures in a Dense Urban Setting. Moscow City Government, Moskomarkhitektura, 1999. (in Russian)
• [54] J.B. Burland, “Assessment of risk of damage to buildings due to tunnelling and excavations.” in: Proc. 1st conf earthquake geotechnical engineering, Japan, 1995. pp. 155–162.
• [55] M.M. Fernandes, “DeepUrban Excavations in Portugal: Practice, Design, Research and Perspectives,” Soils Rocks, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 115–142, doi: 10.28927/SR.333115.
• [56] A. Pinto, S. Ferreira, V. Barros, R. Costa, P. Lopes, and J. Dias, “Sotto Mayor Palace – Design and performance of a deep excavation,” in Proc. XVth ICSMGE, Turkey, 2001, vol. 2, pp. 1237–1240.
• [57] A. Topa Gomes, A. Cardoso, J. Almeida e Sousa, J.C. Andrade, and C. Campanhã, “Design and behavior of Salgueiros Station for Porto Metro,” in Proc. Int. Conf. on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering, USA, 2008, p. 8.04c.