A method of proppant pack permeability assessment

• Autorzy: Lutynski M. A.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5277/ppmp150129

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Hydraulic fracturing methods used for low permeability reservoirs such as shale gas or tight gas require the use of proppants. The current standard used for proppant assessment does not take into account its interaction with the rock and the embedment effect. In this paper a new method of proppant pack permeability assessment is proposed where proppant is placed into a rock sample with induced fracture. Three types of proppant were assessed to verify the method i.e. offshore sand, onshore sand and ceramic proppant. The rock sample was a Tumlin sandstone. As the flowing medium supercritical carbon dioxide was used. Tests were performed with 300-500 μm size proppants at flowing pressure of 3 MPa and confining pressure of 5 MPa. Additional test was conducted with 1–2 mm sand proppant at two confining pressure, i.e. 5 MPa and 16 MPa. Proppant were characterized in accordance with the Krumbein/Sloss diagram. Similar values of permeability for the proppant concentration of 0.5 kg/m2 were obtained ranging from 2.3 to 3.3 D although the highest permeability was achieved with Baltic sand proppant and ceramic proppant. For the larger size of proppant (1 – 2 mm) the initial permeability with confining pressure of 5 MPa was initially larger but when the confining pressure was increased it declined by 37%. This proves that in the proposed method we can observe changes in the permeability of the fracture with change in confining pressure apply subjected to the sample.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

copper nitrate; electrorefining; high purity copper; hydrometallurgy

• Wydawca: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
• Czasopismo: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: Vol. 51, iss. 1
• Strony: 325--334
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 7 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Lutynski M. A.

• Faculty of Mining and Geology, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. ALMOND, S. W., HARRIS, P. C. (1984), Fracturing method for stimulation of wells utilizing carbon dioxide based fluids. US Patent 4519455.
• 2. ARDELLI, A. (2014), Wplyw rodzaju proppantu na przepuszczalnosc dwutlenku wegla. MSc THESIS, Politechnika Slaska, Gliwice.
• 3. EN:ISO13503-2:2006 (2006), Petroleum and natural gas industries - Completion fluids and materials – Part: 2 Measurement of properties of proppants used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel-packing operations. European Committee for Standarization.
• 4. ROGALA, A., KRZYSIEK, J., BERNACIAK, M., HUPKA, J. (2013), Non-aqueous fracturing technologies for shale gas recovery. Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing, 49(1), 313–321.
• 5. ROGALA, A., KSIEZNIAK, K., KRZYSIEK, J., HUPKA, J. (2014), Carbon dioxide sequestration during shale gas recovery. Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process, 50(2), 681–692.
• 6. SPAN, R., WAGNER, W. (1996), A new equation of state for carbon dioxide covering the fluid region from the triple-point temperature to 1100 K at pressures up to 800 MPa. Journal of physical and chemical reference data, 25, 1509–1596.
• 7. WEN, Q., ZHANG, S., WANG, L., LIU, Y., LI, X. (2007), The effect of proppant embedment upon the long-term conductivity of fractures. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 55(3–4), 221–227.