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Methodology for Testing the Uniformity of the Composition of a Batch of Polymer Materials on the Example of Sbr Rubber Granulates in the Aspect of Potential Applications

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
This publication presents a comprehensive method for assessing the homogeneity of the composition of a large batch of polymer materials, with a mass of 1.5 tons, consisting of 60 transport packages, using the example of rubber granulate from recycled car tires. The presented method combines statistical analysis tools used to determine the samples number to be taken from the batch and the pyrolytic thermal desorption technique coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py/TD-GC-MS), used for material identification. Directions for improving the method for the quantitative identification of batch components are also indicated. The developed method can be applied to assess the purity of batches of recycled rubber granulate used in the construction of sports field surfaces and to determine the content of substances harmful to the environment and human health, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The direction for improving the developed spot-check control method using an alternative approach is to supplement it with a quantitative assessment of batch parameters in relation to the threshold values, such as tolerance limits.
Twórcy
  • KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology, ul. Pszczyńska 37, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
  • KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology, ul. Pszczyńska 37, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
  • KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology, ul. Pszczyńska 37, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
  • Silesian University of Technology, ul. Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Polska
  • Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Engineering of Polymer Materials and Dyes, ul. M. Skłodowskiej- Curie 55, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52018DC0028 (access date 06.08.2024)
  • 2. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52020DC0098 (access date 06.08.2024)
  • 3. Zainal N.F.A., Saiter J.M.H., Suhaila I.A.H., Romain L, Chin C.H. Thermal analysis: basic concept of differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry for beginners. Chemistry Teacher International 2021, 3(2), 59. https://doi.org/10.1515/cti-2020-0010
  • 4. Pavia D.L., Lampman G.M., Kriz G.S., Vyvyan J.R. Introduction to Spectroscopy Department of Chemistry Western Washington University Bellingham, Washington. Cengage Learning, 2013. https://dl.iranchembook.ir/ebook/organic-chemistry-2753.pdf
  • 5. Tsuge S., Ohtani H., Watanabe C. Part 2 - Pyrograms and Thermograms of 163 High Polymers, and MS Data of the Major Pyrolyzates. Elsevier 2011, 7, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53892-5.10002-1
  • 6. Kusch P. Chapter 7 - Application of Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Elsevier 2017, 75, 169. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.coac.2016.10.003
  • 7. Grynkiewicz-Bylina B., Rakwic B., Słomka-Słupik B. Tests of rubber granules used as artificial turf for football fields in terms of toxicity to human health and the environment. Scientific Reports 2022 12, 6683. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10691-1
  • 8. Grynkiewicz-Bylina B., Słomka-Słupik B., Rakwic B. Badania zapraw cementowych i żużlowych z granulatami gumowymi SBR pod względem ekotoksykologiczności i wytrzymałości. Inżynieria Mineralna 2023, 2(52), 153. https://doi.org/10.29227/IM-2023-02-71
  • 9. ASTM D5477-11 Standard Practice For Identification Of Polymer Layers or Inclusions By Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy (FT-IR). ASTM International.
  • 10. ISO 11357-3:2018 Plastics. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)Part 3: Determination of temperature and enthalpy of melting and crystallization. International Organization for Standardization.
  • 11. ISO 2859-1:1999 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes. Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection. International Organization for Standardization.
  • 12. Szkoda J. Diagnozowanie jakości partii wyrobów metodą statystycznej kontroli odbiorczej z oceną alterantywną. Diagnostyka’28 – Main articles 2003. https://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT3-0033-0053/c/httpwww_bg_utp_edu_plartdiagnostyka2003szkoda.pdf
  • 13. Szkoda J. Diagnozowanie partii wyrobów metodą statystycznej kontroli odbiorczej z oceną liczbową. Diagnostyka’31 – Main articles 2004. https://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT3-0028-0028/c/httpwww_bg_utp_edu_plartdiagnostyka2004szkoda.pdf
  • 14. Adhikari B., De D., Maiti S. Reclamation and recycling of waste rubber. Progress in Polymer Science 2000, 25(7), 909–948, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6700(00)00020-4
  • 15. Karabork F, Pehlivan E, Akdemir A. Characterization of styrene butadiene rubber and microwave devulcanized ground tire rubber composites. Journal of Polymer Engineering. 2014, 34(6), 543–554. https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2013-0330
  • 16. Delpech, M.C., Mello, I.L., Delgado, F.C.S. and Sousa, J.M. Evaluation of thermal and mechanical properties of rubber compositions based on SBR extended with safe oils. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2012, 125, 4074–4081. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.35560
  • 17. Noriman, N.Z. and Ismail, H. Properties of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)/recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBRr) blends: The effects of carbon black/silica (CB/Sil) hybrid filler and silane coupling agent, Si69. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2012, 124, 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.34961
  • 18. KOMAG Institute Research on plastics and rubber to determine their raw material composition and the additives used to improve their properties, including plasticizers and flame retardants. Development of the methods for sampling the polymer materials and assessing their homogeneity using statistical analysis, ITG KOMAG, Gliwice 2023.
  • 19. International Seed Testing Association (ISTA): International Rules for Seed Testing 2024, Number 1, 1–52. https://doi.org/10.15258/istarules.2023.02
  • 20. ISO 24333:2009 Cereals and cereal products. Sampling. International Organization for Standardization.
  • 21. ISO 845:2000 Cellular plastics and rubbers - Determination of apparent (bulk) density International Organization for Standardization.
  • 22. ISO 62:2008 Plastics. Determination of water absorption. International Organization for Standardization.
  • 23. ISO 527-1:2019 Plastics. Determination of tensile properties. Part 1: General principles. International Organization for Standardization.
  • 24. ISO 7619-1:2010 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic. Determination of indentation hardness. Part 1: Durometer method (Shore hardness). International Organization for Standardization.
  • 25. ISO 4662:2017 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic. Determination of rebound resilience. International Organization for Standardization.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-990c7778-98df-478f-9413-2e89818dcf94
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