The Transformation of the European Union's Energy Sector

• Autorzy: Banas Dmytro , Melnyk Tetiana

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.35784/preko.6015

Warianty tytułu

PL

Transformacja sektora energetycznego Unii Europejskiej

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Such geoeconomic and geopolitical factors as Russian armed aggression against Ukraine caused the energy crisis in the European Union (EU), exposing the EU’s vulnerabilities due to its overdependence on Russian fossil fuel imports. As a consequence of gas supply disruptions, substantial rises in energy prices and heightened safety concerns, the EU's energy policies have been thoroughly reassessed. Therefore, the article aims to examine the profound ramifications of Russia's military aggression against Ukraine on European energy markets and elucidate the strategies articulated in European Commission initiatives intended to reduce reliance on Russian fossil fuels. Within this framework, the REPowerEU plan is especially beneficial for the rapid diversification and increased integration of renewable energy sources. These initiatives have the potential to result in a structural transformation of the EU's energy landscape, necessitating coordinated regulatory initiatives, infrastructure advancements, and cooperative energy diplomacy. Current research reveals the potential for economic expansion, strengthened industrial primacy and progress towards achieving climate neutrality by 2050 through the environmentally sustainable metamorphosis of Europe's energy framework. The results of this scientific research can also be used for the further implementation of the strategy of achieving sustainable development of the EU member states in the context of the development of clean energy, which will allow meeting the needs of the population of these countries in the near future without endangering future generations.

PL

Takie czynniki geoekonomiczne i geopolityczne, jak rosyjska agresja zbrojna na Ukrainę, spowodowały kryzys energetyczny w Unii Europejskiej (UE), obnażając słabość UE wynikającą z jej nadmiernej zależ-ności od importu rosyjskich paliw kopalnych. W wyniku zakłóceń w dostawach gazu, znacznych podwyżek cen energii i zwiększonych obaw dotyczących bezpieczeństwa polityka energetyczna UE została ponownie dokładnie oceniona. Celem artykułu jest zatem zbadanie głębokich konsekwencji agresji militarnej Rosji przeciwko Ukrainie na europejskich rynkach energii oraz wyjaśnienie strategii sformułowanych w inicjatywach Komisji Europejskiej mających na celu zmniejszenie uzależnienia od rosyjskich paliw kopalnych. W tych ramach plan REPowerEU jest szczególnie korzystny dla szybkiej dywersyfikacji i zwiększonej integracji odnawialnych źródeł energii. Inicjatywy te mogą potencjalnie skutkować strukturalną transformacją krajobrazu energetycznego UE, co wymaga skoordynowanych inicjatyw regulacyjnych, rozwoju infrastruktury i wspólnej dyplomacji energetycznej. Obecne badania ukazują potencjał ekspansji gospodarczej, wzmocnienie prymat przemysłu i postęp w kierunku osiągnięcia neutralności klimatycznej do 2050 r. poprzez zrównoważoną środowiskowo metamorfozę europejskich ram energetycznych. Wyniki tych badań naukowych mogą także zostać wykorzystane do dalszej realizacji strategii zrównoważonego rozwoju państw członkowskich UE w kontekście rozwoju czystej energii, co pozwoli zaspokoić potrzeby ludności tych krajów w najbliższej przyszłości, bez narażania przyszłych pokoleń.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

energy crisis; geoeconomics; reliance on Russian energy; Russian fossil fuels; REPowerEU plan; renewable energy transformation; transition to clean energy

PL

kryzys energetyczny; geoekonomia; zależność od rosyjskiej energii; rosyjskie paliwa kopalne; plan REPowerEU; transformacja energetyki odnawialnej; przejście na czystą energię; rozwój zrównoważony; neutralność węglowa

• Wydawca: Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Problemy Ekorozwoju
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 19, no. 2
• Strony: 293--308
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 36 poz., fig., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Banas Dmytro

• State University of Trade and Economics

autor

Melnyk Tetiana

• State University of Trade and Economics

Bibliografia

• 1. ANTIMIANI A., COSTANTINI V., PAGLIALUNGA E., 2023, Fossil fuels subsidy removal and the EU carbon neutrality policy, Energy Economics, 119, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988323000221.
• 2. BILA С.О., 2018, Formation of the European Energy Space: Security and Integration Dimension.
• 3. BLANK S.J., 2022, The Balkans and Euro-Atlantic energy security, Orbis, 66(1): 58-77, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2021.11.006.
• 4. CONSTANTIONI V., et al., 2007, Security of energy supply: Comparing scenarios from a European perspective, Energy Policy, 35(1): 210-226.
• 5. EMBER, 2023, European Electricity Industry Overview, https://ember-climate.org/insights/research/european-electricity-review-2023/#supporting-material.
• 6. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2021, Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on energy efficiency, COM(2021) 558 final, 14.7.2021, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:a214c850-e574-11eb-a1a5-01aa75ed71a1.0001.02/DOC_1&format=PDF.
• 7. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2022, Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council estab-lishing a framework for setting ecodesign requirements for sustainable products and repealing Directive 2009/125/EC, COM(2022), 142 final, 30.03.2022, https://opac.oireachtas.ie/Data/Library3/Documents%20Laid/2022/pdf/REVURWRvY3NsYWlkMjgwNDIyYV8yODA0MjJfMTAyMjU4.pdf.
• 8. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2022, Communication on REPowerEU: Joint European Action for More Affordable, Secure, and Sustainable Energy, COM. (2022). 108 final.
• 9. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2023, Energy. EU Policies Aim to Deliver Secure, Sustainable, and Affordable Energy for Citizens and Businesses, https://energy.ec.europa.eu/index_en.
• 10. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2021, Proposal for a Council Recommendation on Ensuring a Fair Transition To-wards Climate Neutrality COM(2021) 801 final.
• 11. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2022, EU-US LNG Trade: US Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Has the Potential to Help Match EU Gas Needs, https://energy.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-02/EU-US_LNG_2022_2.pdf.
• 12. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2022a, REPowerEU Plan, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee, and the Committee of the Regions, Brussels, 18.5.2022, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri= COM%3A2022%3A230%3AFIN&qid=1653033742483.
• 13. EUROPEAN COMMISION, 2022b, Commission staff working document implementing the repower Eu Action Plan: Investment needs, hydrogen accelerator and achieving the bio-methane targets Accompanying the document Com-munication from the commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee, and the Committee of the Regions REPowerEU Plan, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=SWD%3A2022%3A230%3AFIN.
• 14. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2023, Querly Report on European Gas Markets: With Focus on Price Developments in 2022, https://energy.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-05/Quarterly%20Report%20on%20European%20Gas%20Markets %20report%20Q4%202022.pdf.
• 15. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2023a, The Green Deal Industrial Plan: Putting Europe's Net-Zero Industry in the Lead, https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_510.
• 16. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2022, REPowerEU. Affordable, Secure and Sustainable Energy for Europe, https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal/repowereu-affordable-secure-and-sustainable-energy-europe_en.
• 17. EUROPEAN COMMISION & INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY, 2022, Playing my Part – How to save mon-ey, reduce reliance on Russian energy, support Ukraine and help the planet (IEA), https://www.iea.org/reports/playing-my-part?utm_content=buffer9b1c6&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter-ieabirol&utm_campaign=buffer.
• 18. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2022, EU-US LNG Trade, https://energy.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-02/EU-US_LNG_2022_2.pdf.
• 19. EUROPEAN COMMISSION, 2021, Proposal for a Council Recommendation on Ensuring a Fair Transition to-wards Climate Neutrality COM (2021) 801 final.
• 20. EUROPEAN COUNCIL, 2022, European Sources Online, 24 and 25 March 2022, https://www.europeansources.info/record/european-council-24-25-march-2022/
• 21. EUROPEAN LIME ASSOCIATION, 2023, Long Term Strategy 2050, https://eula.eu/resources/long-term-strategy-2050/.
• 22. FOX A., 2021, Just 5 Percent of Power Plants Release 73 Percent of Global Electricity Production Emissions, Smith-sonian Magazine, August 4, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/five-percent-power-plants-release-73-percent-global-electricity-production-emissions-180978355/.
• 23. GHILÈS F., 2022, War in Ukraine and the Gas Crisis Force a Rethink of EU Foreign Policy, CIDOB, https://www.cidob.org/en/publication/war-ukraine-and-gas-crisis-force-rethink-eu-foreign-policy.
• 24. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY (IEA), 2023, Natural Gas Supply-Demand Balance of the European Union in 2023: How to Prepare for Winter 2023/24, https://www.iea.org/.
• 25. JONES D., 2023,. European Electricity Review 2023, from: https://ember-climate.org/insights/research/european-electricity-review-2023/.
• 26. LEE K. H., NOH J., KHM J. S., 2020, The Blue Economy and the United Nations’ sustainable development goals: Challenges and opportunities, Environment international, 137, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S0160412019338255.
• 27. MOORE C., BROWN S., MACDONALD F., EN M., BRODBENT K., 2022, Energy Market in Europe: Key Trends, https://atomicexpert.com/european_energy_market_key_trends.
• 28. PEREVEZOVA І. W., HRYNIV P.М., DUBOVYTSKYI І.S., KHRABATYN А.V., LASTOVETS О.І., 2022, Impact of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine on the Energy Security of the EU, Scientific Notes of Lviv University of Business and Law. Series Economic. Series Legal, 34, http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7057469.
• 29. PARLAMENT OSTEREICH, 2022, REPowerEU scenario in the staff working document Implementing the REPow-erEU Action Plan: Investment Needs, Hydrogen Accelerator, and Achieving the Bio-methane Targets, accompany-ing this communication, https://www.parlament.gv.at/gegenstand/XXVII/EU/101030.
• 30. RODRIGUEZ T. et al., 2014, Globalization and International Security: An Overview, NOVA Publishers, New York.
• 31. SILVA A.C., 2014, Global Security Challenges for Europe: Structural and Strategic Changes in the Energy Markets and Major Implications, EUI Working Papers, RSCAS 2012/24, European University Institute Badia Fiesolana, http://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/handle/1814/22382/RSCAS_2012_24.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
• 32. TERAZONO E., HUME N., FILES N., 2022, War in Ukraine: When political risks upturn commodity markets, Financial Times, https://www.ft.com/content/cf0212cf-21f3-4520-ae5f-136ce3f78afc.
• 33. TERZIAN P., 2022, Scope and Consequences of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine, CIVILNET, 28 February 2022, https://www.civilnet.am/en/news/652021/scope-and-consequences-of-the-russian-invasion-of-ukraine/.
• 34. TURCHYN IA., IVASECHKO О., 2020, Energy security of the EU and Baltic states under conditions of the poly-hedral foreign policy of the Russian Federation, Humanitarian Vision, 6(1), https://doi.org/10.23939/shv2020.01.001.
• 35. UN DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS, 2023, The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2023: Special Edition, https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2023/.
• 36. WOŁOWIEC T., KOLOSOK S., VASYLIEVA T., ARTYUKHOV A., SKOWRON Ł., DLUHOPOLSKYI O., SER-GIIENKO L., 2022, Sustainable Governance, Energy Security, and Energy Losses of Europe in Turbulent Times, Energies, 15(23): 8857, https://doi.org/10.3390/en15238857.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki (2025)