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Thermal expansion is an intrinsic property of every material. The thermal expansion of LX-17, PBX-9502 and ultrafine triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) had already been reported; however, there are few reports on the expansion of RDX-based compressed explosives. In the present work, the thermal expansion of RDX associated with a polymeric environment of paraffin wax, in the ratio of 95% and 5%, was investigated using a thermomechanical analyzer (TMA). Fourier Transform IR (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and a Thermal Property Analyzer (TPA) were used to characterize and study the thermal properties of pressed RDX/wax explosive beads. The values of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and linear thermal expansion were measured and analyzed in the temperature range from -100 to 100 °C. Volume and density changes over the entire temperature range were evaluated. The irreversible growth of RDX-based compressed explosives was also observed. The results are related to the growth of RDX/wax-based explosive pellets due to repeated thermal stress.
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
75--93
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 23 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, DRDO, Pune, India
autor
- High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, DRDO, Pune, India
autor
- High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, DRDO, Pune, India
autor
- Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DIAT), Girinagar, Pune, India
Bibliografia
- [1] Preparation and Properties of RDX Composition A. Air Documents Division, Ohio, ADB279221, 1945.
- [2] Abd-Elghany, ABDM.; Elbeih, A.; Hassanein, S. Thermal Behaviour and Decomposition Kinetics of RDX and RDX/HTPB Composition Using Various Techniques and Methods Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater. 2016, 13(3): 714-735; https://doi.org/10.22211/cejem/64954.
- [3] Xiao, L.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, X.; Hao, G.; Liu, J.; Ke, X.; Chen, T.; Jiang, W. Preparation of a Superfine RDX/Al Composite as An Energetic Material by Mechanical Ball Milling Method and the Study of Its Thermal Properties. RCS Adv. 2018, 8: 38047-38055; https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA07650B.
- [4] Wilson, W.S. RDX/Polyethylene Wax Compositions as Pressed Explosives. Materials Research Labs Ascot Vale, AD-A067, 1978.
- [5] Qian, W.; Zhang, C.; Xiong, Y.; Zong, H.; Zhang, W.; Shu, Y. Thermal Expansion of Explosive Molecular Crystals: Anisotropy and Molecular Stacking. Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater. 2014, 11(1): 59-81.
- [6] Jangid, S.K.; Singh, M.K.; Solanki, V.J.; Pandit, G.; Nath, T.; Sinha, R.K. Experimental Studies on High Energy Sheet Explosive Based on RDX and Bis(2,2-dinitropropyl) Formal/Acetal (BDNPF/A). Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater. 2016, 13(3): 557-566; https://doi.org/10.22211/cejem/65018.
- [7] Skidmore, C.B.; Butler, T.A.; Sandoval, C.W. The Elusive Coefficient of Thermal Expansion PBX 9502. Los Almos National Laboratory, LA-14003, 2003.
- [8] Trumel, H.; Willot, F.; Peyres, T.; Biessy, M.; Rabette, F. The Irreversible Thermal Expansion of An Energetic Material. J. Theoretical, Computational and Applied Mechanics 2021, 1-21; https://doi.org/10.46298/jtcam.7091.
- [9] Ghosh, B.; Xu, F.; Hou, X. Thermally Conductive poly(Ether Ether Ketone)/Boron Nitride Composites with Low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion. J. Mater. Sci. 2021, 56: 10326-10337; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-05923-0.
- [10] Lunkenheimer, P.; Loldl, A.; Riechers, B.; Zaccone, A.; Samwer, K. Thermal Expansion and the Glass Transition. Nature Phys. 2023, 19: 694-699; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-022-01920-5.
- [11] Liu, Z. Review and Prospects of Thermal Analysis Technology Applied to Study Thermal Properties of Energetic Materials. FirePhyChem 2021, 1: 129-138; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpc.2021.05.002.
- [12] Woznick, C.S.; Thompson, D.G.; DeLuca, R.; Patterson, B.M.; Shear, T.A. Thermal Cycling and Ratchet Growth of As-Pressed TATB Pellets. AIP Conf. Proc. 1979, 060011, 2018; https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5044808.
- [13] Souers, P.C.; Lewis, P.; Hoffman, M.; Cunningham, B. Thermal Expansion of LX-17, PBX 9502 and Ultrafine TATB. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, LLNL-TR-457173, 2010.
- [14] Weese, R.K.; Burnham, A.K.; Maienschein, J.L. Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of the Beta and Delta Polymorphs of HMX. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, UCRL-CONF-205884, 2004.
- [15] Awasthi, A.; Gautam, A.; Dheer, P. Linear Expansion Coefficient on Different Material Due to Temperature Effect. IRJET 2018, 4309-4311.
- [16] Woznick, C.S.; Thompson, D.G.; Scott, S.J. Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Evolution during Rachet Growth of PBX 9502 and Neat TATB. Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. 2022, 47: 70-77; https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202100322.
- [17] Ambos, A.; Willot, F.; Jeulin, D.; Trumel, H. Numerical Modeling of the Thermal Expansion of An Energetic Material. Int. J. Solids Struct. 2015, 60-61: 125-139; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2015.02.025.
- [18] Thompson, D.G.; Woznick, C.S.; DeLuca, R. The Volumetric Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of PBX-9502. Los Almos National Laboratory, 2018.
- [19] Costain, T.S.; Motto, R.V. The Sensitivity, Performance and Material Properties of Some High Explosive Formulations. Technical Report 4587, Picatinny Arsenal Dover, New Jersey, 1973.
- [20] Wilson, W.S. RDX/Polyethylene Wax Compositions as Pressed Explosives. Materials Research Labs Ascot vale, AD-A067, 1978.
- [21] Lin, C.; Bai, L.; Yang, Z.; Gong, F.; Wena, Y. Research Progress in Thermal Expansion Characteristics of TATB Based Polymer Bonded Explosives. Energ. Mater. Front. 2023, 4: 178-193; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmf.2023.09.003.
- [22] Thompson, D.G.; Schwarz, R.B.; Brown, G.W.; DeLuca, R. Time - Evolution of TATB-based Irreversible Thermal Expansion (Ratchet Growth). Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. 2015, 40(4): 558-565; https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.201400214.
- [23] Lei, S.; Wang, S.; Lu, F.; Chen, R. Research on Irreversible Growth Mechanism of PBX due to Thermal Cycling. E3S Web of Conf. 2021, 257 paper 01051; https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125701051.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-9816b88a-499a-400f-90c8-99a674e17245
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