A Review on Impulse RADAR

• Autorzy: Kumar Saket , Kumar Amit , Singh Vikrant , Singh Abhishek Kumar

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/ijet.2021.137849

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

RADAR plays a vital role in military applications since its origin in the 2nd world war. Recently it has been used in surface inception, health monitoring, infrastructure health monitoring, etc. In these applications, Ultra-wideband RADAR systems are more popular than traditional RADAR systems. Impulse RADAR is a special kind of ultra-wideband RADAR, which is mostly used for surface penetration, through-wall imaging, antimissile detection, anti-stealth technology, etc. because of its high resolution and low center frequency. Out of all these applications, impulse RADAR has been used intensively as a ground-penetrating RADAR for the detection of land mines, underlying pipelines, buried objects, etc. This report has attempted to provide the steps for designing the impulse ground penetrating RADAR (GPR) as well as provides the value of crucial parameters required in the design process of commercial GPR systems.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

radar; impulse radar; ground penetrating radar; GPR

• Wydawca: Polish Academy of Sciences, Committee of Electronics and Telecommunication
• Czasopismo: International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
• Rocznik: 2021
• Tom: Vol. 67, No. 4
• Strony: 579--587
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr 30 poz., schem., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Kumar Saket

• Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Muzaffarpur Institute of Technology, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India

autor

Kumar Amit

• Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) College of Engineering, Pune, India

autor

Singh Vikrant

• Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, IIT Guwahati, India

autor

Singh Abhishek Kumar

• School of Advanced Sciences, Department of Physics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Naidu, India

Bibliografia

• [1] M.G.M. Hussain, “Ultra-wideband impulse RADAR-An overview of the principles,” IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag., vol. 13, no. 9, pp. 9-14, 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/62.715515.
• [2] D. L. Black, “An overview of impulse RADAR phenomenon,” IEEE AES Systems Magazine, pp. 6-11, Dec. 292. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.1992.220600.
• [3] M. I. Skolnik, “An Introduction To Impulse RADAR”, 1990.
• [4] D. Daniels, “Applications of impulse RADAR technology,” Proc. RADAR Systems (RADAR 97), pp. 667-672. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1049/cp:19971759.
• [5] M. Sato, “Principles of mine detection by ground-penetrating RADAR,” Anti-personnel Landmine Detection for Humanitarian Demining, Springer London, 2009. 19-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-346-4_2.
• [6] M. N. Cohen, “An overview of high range resolution radar techniques,” NTC ’91 - National Telesystems Conference Proceedings, Atlanta, GA, USA, 1991, pp. 107-115, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/NTC.1991.147997.
• [7] J. S. Lee and C. Nguyen, “Novel low-cost ultra-wideband, ultra-short-pulse transmitter with MESFET impulse-shaping circuitry for reduced distortion and improved pulse repetition rate,” IEEE Microwave Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 11, pp. 208-210, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/7260.923030.
• [8] J. S. Lee and C. Nguyen, “Uniplanar picosecond pulse generator using step-recovery diode,” Electron. Lett., vol. 37, pp. 504–506, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1049/el:20010350
• [9] J. Han and C. Nguyen, “Ultra-wideband electronically tuneable pulse generators,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 112-114, 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2004.825184.
• [10] J. Han and C. Nguyen, “A new ultra-wideband, ultra-short monocycle pulse generator with reduced ringing,” IEEE Microwave Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 12, pp. 206-208, 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2002.1009996.
• [11] Yan Xiao, Zhong-Yong Wang, Li, J., Zi-Lun Yuan , “Design of a Second-Derivative Gaussian pulse generator,” IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication and Computing (ICSPCC), pp. 1-4, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSPCC.2013.6663994.
• [12] M.S. Nikoo, S.M.A. Hashemi., “High-Power Nanosecond Pulse Generator With High-Voltage SRD and GDT Switch,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 3268-3276, Sept. 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2015.2411251.
• [13] M. Cavallaro, E. Ragonese and G. Palmisano, “An ultra-wideband transmitter based on a new pulse generator,” Proc. IEEE Radio Freq. Integ. Circuits Symp, pp. 43-46, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/RFIC.2008.4561382.
• [14] El-Gabaly, “Pulsed RF Circuits for Ultra Wideband Communications and RADAR Applications,” Ph.D dissertation, Dept. Elect. Comput. Eng., Queen’s University, Canada, Aug. 2011.
• [15] S. Bourdel et. al., “A 9-Pj/Pulse 1.42-Vpp OOK CMOS UWB pulse generator for the 3.1-10.6-GHz FCC band,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 65, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2009.2035959.
• [16] Aitykul Omurzakov, Ahmet K. Keskin., “Avalanche Transistor Short Pulse Generator Trials for GPR,” 2016 8th International Conference on Ultra wideband and Ultra short Impulse Signals), Dec. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBUSIS.2016.7724188.
• [17] Ran Zhang, Lai-Liang Song., “Research on narrow pulse generation for ultra-wideband communication,” 2016 13th International Computer Conference on Wavelet Active Media Technology and Information Processing (ICCWAMTIP), Dec. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWAMTIP.2016.8079860.
• [18] S. Sim, D. Kim and S. Hong, “A CMOS UWB Pulse Generator for 6–10 GHz Applications,” IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 83-85, Feb. 2009, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2008.2011318.
• [19] K. Zhou, C. L. Huang and M. Lu, “A nanosecond pulse generator based on avalanche transistor,” 2016 16th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), Hong Kong, 2016, pp. 1-5, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGPR.2016.7572649.
• [20] P. Protiva, J. Mrkvica, and J. Macháč, “A compact step recovery diode subnanosecond pulse generator,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., 52: 438-440. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.24945.
• [21] T.P. Montoya, G.S. Smith, “A study of pulse radiation from several broad-band loaded monopoles,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 1172-1182, Aug 1996. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/8.511827.
• [22] David J. Daniels, Ground Penetrating RADAR, 2nd Edition, IET, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1049/PBRA015E.
• [23] S. Vitebskiy, L. Carin, M. A. Ressler and F. H. Le, “Ultra-wideband, short-pulse ground-penetrating radar: simulation and measurement,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 762-772, May 1997, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/36.581999.
• [24] M.A. Gonzalez-Huici, U. Uschkerat, V. Seidel, C. Pedlow, “A preliminary study of the radiation characteristic of an experimental GPR antenna for underground cavity detection,” IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems (COMCAS), 2011, pp. 1-5, 7-9 Nov 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/COMCAS.2011.6105908.
• [25] A.P. Annan, Ground Penetrating RADAR Principles, Procedures & Applications, 2003.
• [26] Greg Barrie, “UWB Impulse RADAR Characterization and Processing Techniques,” Defence R&D Canada, Ottawa, Tech. Rep. TR 2004-251, Dec. 2004.
• [27] Y.J. Park et al., “Development of a UWB GPR System for Detecting Small Objects Buried under Ground,” IEEE Conf. on ultra-wideband systems and Technologies, 2003, pp. 384-388. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267869.
• [28] M. Yan, M. Tian, L. Gan and X. Chen, “Impulse Ground Penetrating Radar Hardware System Design,” 2006 6th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications, Chengdu, 2006, pp. 1244-1247, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ITST.2006.288852.
• [29] A.P. Annan, L.T. Chua, “Ground penetrating RADAR performance predictions,” Ground penetrating RADAR, ed. J. Pilon; Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 90-4, pp. 5-13, 1992.
• [30] Jeong Soo Lee, Cam Nguyen and T. Scullion, “A novel, compact, low-cost, impulse ground-penetrating radar for nondestructive evaluation of pavements,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1502-1509, Dec. 2004, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2004.82730.