The effect of kenaf loading on kenaf/ABS composites structure and thermal properties

• Autorzy: Mashelmie S. , Rabiatul Manisah M. , Bahiyah Baba N. , Mohd A.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0015.9994

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Purpose: Many manufacturers have recently become interested in using fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPs) in structural applications. Synthetic fibres, such as carbon and glass fibres, have been commercialised internationally for decades, but they cause environmental issues because synthetic fibres are non-biodegradable and difficult to recycle once they have served their purpose, potentially polluting the environment. Thus, natural fibre composites like kenaf is a possible replacement for synthetic fibre due to their superior physical and mechanical properties. Kenaf appears to be the best candidate for replacing synthetic fibres in order to accomplish the goal of environmental preservation while also displaying excellent properties such as equivalent specific strength, low density, and renewable resources. Design/methodology/approach: The kenaf fiber was treated in KOH and added to ABS matrix to produce new composites at different loading (10, 15, 20 and 25 wt.%) by using Two Roll Mill machine. The influence of the fiber on the composites properties was evaluated. The produced material was subjected to SEM, MFI, TGA and DSC analysis. Findings: The incorporation of the treated kenaf fiber has an influence on the properties of kenaf/ABS composites. The addition of 10 wt.% kenaf was found to be the best loading with MFI value, initial degradation temperature and glass transition temperature at 0.8208 g/10 min, 322.63°C and 130°C respectively. The fiber was well dispersed in the matrix and shown good adhesion to the ABS. The addition of treated fiber contribute to a reduction in the MFI, improved the thermal stability of the composites and typical effects of Tg of the composite compare to pure ABS. Research limitations/implications: The results suggest the need to continue the study in order to further analyse higher kenaf loading and shed more light on the properties of the composites to improve understanding of kenaf/ABS composites. Originality/value: Obtained results are a solution to alternative of synthetic fibers, which may contribute to the sustainable development of composites materials industry through the utilization of kenaf fiber with ABS matrix.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

kenaf fibre; ABS; polymer composites; melt flow index; MFI; thermogravimetric analysis; TGA; differential scanning calorimetry; DSC

PL

włókna kenafu; ABS; kompozyty polimerowe; wskaźnik szybkości płynięcia; MFI; analiza termograwimetryczna; TGA; skaningowa kalorymetria różnicowa; DSC

• Wydawca: International OCSCO World Press
• Czasopismo: Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: Vol. 111, nr 2
• Strony: 49--56
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Mashelmie S.

• Faculty of Engineering Technology, University College TATI (UC TATI), Teluk Kalong, 24000 Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia

autor

Rabiatul Manisah M.

• Faculty of Engineering Technology, University College TATI (UC TATI), Teluk Kalong, 24000 Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0397-9368

autor

Bahiyah Baba N.

• Faculty of Engineering Technology, University College TATI (UC TATI), Teluk Kalong, 24000 Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9268-1154

autor

Mohd A.

• Faculty of Engineering Technology, University College TATI (UC TATI), Teluk Kalong, 24000 Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia

Bibliografia

• [1] A. Krzyżak, E. Kosicka, R. Szczepaniak, T. Szymczak, Evaluation of the properties of polymer composites with carbon nanotubes in the aspect of their abrasive wear, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 95/1 (2019) 5-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7619
• [2] S.N. Zainal, M.R. Isa, O.S. Zaroog, M.F. Abd Jalal, S.N. Sulaiman, I.N. Ismail, Characterization of mechanical properties of kenaf fibre reinforced polymer composite using orientation with angle variation, AIP Conference Proceedings 2339 (2021) 020038. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0044220
• [3] A. Donmez Cavdar, H. Yel, S. Boran, Wood cement composites reinforced with polypropylene fibre, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 76/2 (2016) 49-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/17348412.1229478
• [4] P. Kumar Singh, P. Kumar Singh, A. Sharma, Flame retardant FRP composites for marine application, Materials Today: Proceedings 45/2 (2021) 2946-2948. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.945
• [5] S.S. Kamath, R.K. Chandrappa, Additives used in natural fibre reinforced polymer composites - a review, Materials Today: Proceedings 50/5 (2022) 1417-1424. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.08.331
• [6] S. Kumar, A.Manna, R. Dang, A review on applications of natural Fiber-Reinforced composites (NFRCs), Materials Today: Proceedings 50/5 (2022) 1632-1636. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.09.131
• [7] M.H. Hamidon, M.T.H. Sultan, A.H. Ariffin, A.U.M. Shah, Effects of fibre treatment on mechanical properties of kenaf fibre reinforced composites: a review, Journal of Materials Research and Technology 8/3 (2019) 3327-3337. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.04.012
• [8] H.M. Akil, M.F. Omar, A.A.M. Mazuki, S. Safiee, Z.A.M. Ishak, A. Abu Bakar, Kenaf fiber reinforced composites: A review, Materials and Design 32/8-9 (2011) 4107-4121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.04.008
• [9] W. Faridah, W.H. Tan, A.S.N. Amirah, S. Ragunathan, N.A.N. Zainab, A.M. Andrew, A. Farhana, Characterization and Properties of PP/NBRr/Kenaf Composites with PPMAH Compatibilizer, in: M.S. Bahari, A. Harun, Z. Zainal Abidin, R. Hamidon, S. Zakaria (eds), Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechatronics. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, Springer, Singapore, 2021, 793-799. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0866-7_68
• [10] Q. Wang, J. Jones, N. Lu, R. Johnson, H. Ning, S. Pillay, Development and characterization of high-performance kenaf fiber–HDPE composites, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 37/3 (2018) 191-200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684417739127
• [11] A.M.N. Azammi, S.M. Sapuan, M.R. Ishak, M.T.H. Sultan, Physical and damping properties of kenaf fibre filled natural rubber/thermoplastic polyurethane composites, Defence Technology 16/1 (2020) 29-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2019.06.004
• [12] A. Mohd, A.A. Roslan, N.B. Baba, Effect of injection molding parameters on recycled ABS (r-ABS) mechanical properties, Indian Journal of Science and Technology 9/9 (2016) 1-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i9/88733
• [13] V. Sharma, S. Kapoor, M. Goyal, P. Jindal, Enhancement of the mechanical properties of graphene based acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) nano-composites, Materials Today: Proceedings 28/3 (2020) 1744-1747. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.155
• [14] L.P. Fonseca, W.R. Waldman, M.A. De Paol, ABS composites with cellulose fibers: towards fiber-matrix adhesion without surface modification, Composites Part C: Open Access 5 (2021) 100142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2021.100142
• [15] T. Akter, M.S. Hossain, Application of plant fibers in environmental friendly composites for developed properties: A review, Cleaner Materials 2 (2021) 100032. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clema.2021.100032
• [16] N.N.B. Mohammad, A. Arsad, Mechanical, thermal and morphological study of kenaf fibre reinforced rPET/ABS composites, Malaysian Polymer Journal 8/1 (2013) 8-13.
• [17] N. Fazreen Alias, H. Ismail, K.M.K. Ishak, Tailoring properties of polylactic acid/rubber/kenaf biocomposites: effects of type of rubber and kenaf loading, BioResources 15/3 (2020) 5679-5695.
• [18] H.A. Aisyah, M.T. Paridah, S.M. Sapuan, A. Khalina, O.B. Berkalp, S.H. Lee, C.H. Lee, N.M. Nurazzi, N. Ramli, M.S. Wahab, R.A. Ilyas, Thermal properties of woven kenaf/carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy hybrid composite panels, International Journal of Polymer Science 2019 (2019) 5258621. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5258621
• [19] S.H.A. Rahman, R.A. Talib, K. Abdan, C.N. Ling, Y.A. Yusof, Y.B. Tee, Thermal analysis of kenaf derived cellulose-filled poly(lactic acid) composite films, Proceedings of the International Conference on Agricultural and Food Engineering for Life “CAFEi2012”, Putrajaya, Malaysia, 2012, 635-642.

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).