Effect of a hyperarid climate on groundwater salinity: A case study of the Ouargla shallow aquifer (Northern Sahara, Algeria)

• Autorzy: Fethi Medjani , Faouzi Zahi , Mohamed Djidel , Sofiane Labar , Mei-Ling Hamilton Cynthia +

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/aep.2023.148686

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

: Groundwater resources are typically affected by both global climate factors and anthropogenic activities. This influence is most apparent in arid and semi-arid climates of the Saharan desert. With rising temperatures and minimal precipitation, climate variability in these regions has a particularly significant and systemic impact on the chemical composition of shallow aquifer water. In this regard, our study aims to evaluate the climatic effects on groundwater in Saharan environments, using the Ouargla basin as a prime example. Water samples taken from 45 observation piezometers in our selected study area in February and June 2021 were used to assess the overall impact of inter-annual climate variations on salinity within this shallow groundwater basin. The obtained results show that groundwater located in the first three meters of shallow aquifer depth is directly influenced by surface climate. This pattern holds true for both observed seasonal periods. Stratification indices within the saturated zone were found to be positive, indicating an increase in groundwater salinity at lower depths and negative in shallower depths. This suggests a direct climate influence on this groundwater. These findings can be used to enhance sustainable development strategies in such environments, notably by quantifying salt accumulation and efficiently managing salinity exchange between saturated and vadose horizons.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Stratification Index; Shallow aquifer; Saturation Index; Water depth; Climate

• Wydawca: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Archives of Environmental Protection
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 49, no 4
• Strony: 70--79
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 41 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Fethi Medjani

• Laboratory of Geology of the Sahara, University Kasdi Merbah Ouargla, Algeria

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-5007

autor

Faouzi Zahi

• Laboratory of Geological Engineering, University of Jijel, Algeria

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6134-8500+

autor

Mohamed Djidel

• Laboratory of Geology of the Sahara, University Kasdi Merbah Ouargla, Algeria

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6212-9817+

autor

Sofiane Labar

• Department of Geography and Territorial Planning, Houari Boumediene University of Science and Technology, Algeria

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5943-4546+

autor

Mei-Ling Hamilton Cynthia +

• Environmental Geochemist & Educator., Bakersfield, CA United States

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3286-5490+

Bibliografia

• [1]. Abba, A.B., Abbas, A., Bachi, O.E., & Saggaï, S. (2019). Phreatic aquifer water upwelling: causes, consequences and remedies. Séminaire international sur l′hydrogéologie et l′environnement, pp. 180-181, SIHE 2019, Ouargla (Algérie).
• [2]. Aumassip, G., Dagorne, A., Estorges, P., Lefevre-Witier, P.H., Mahrour, F., Nesson, C., Rouvillois-Brigol, M., & Trecolle., G. (1972). Aperçu sur l’évolution du paysage quaternaire et le peuplement de la région de Ouargla, Libyca Anthropologie et Archéologie Préhistorique, Tome XX, pp. 205-258.
• [3]. Belhadj Aissa, R., & Boutoutaou, D. (2017). Characterization of groundwater in arid zones (case of Ouargla basin). Energy Procedia, 119, pp. 556-564. DOI:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.077
• [4]. Chaouki, M., Zeddouri, A., & Siboukeur, H. (2014). Study of Mineral and Organic pollution of the unsaturated zone (UZ) of the bowl Ouargla, Southeast Algeria, Energy Procedia, 50, pp. 567-573. DOI:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.06.069
• [5]. Christensen, J.H., Hewitson, B., Busuioc, A., Chen, A., Geo, X., Held, I., Jones, R., Kolli, R.K., Kwon, W.T., Laprise, R., Magaña Rueda, V., Mearns, L., Menéndez, C.G., Räisänen, J., Rinke, A., Sarr, A., & Whetton, P. (2007). Regional Climate Projections. [In:] Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K.B., Miller, H.L. (Eds.). Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, 2007.
• [6]. Corwin, D.L. (2020). Climate change impacts on soil salinity in agricultural areas, European Journal of soil Science, 72, 2, pp. 842-862. DOI:10.1111/ejss.13010
• [7]. Djidel, M., Bousnoubra-Kherici, H., Kherici, N., & Nezli, I. (2008). Alteration of the aquifer water in hyperarid climate by Wastewater: Cases of groundwater from Ouargla (Northern Sahara, Algeria), American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 4, 6, pp. 569-575. DOI:10.3844/ajessp.2008.569.575
• [8]. El Fergougui, M. M., Boutoutaou, D., & Meza, N. (2016). Etude de l’évaporation de la nappe phréatique des zones arides : cas de Ouargla (Algérie). Hydrological Sciences Journal, 62, 7, pp. 1067-1077. DOI:10.1080/02626667.2016.1257855
• [9]. Folland, C.K., Karl, T.R., Christy, J.R., Clarke, R.A., Gruza, G.V., Jouzel, J., Mann, M.E., Oerlemans, J., Salinger, M.J., & Wang, S.W. (2001). Observed Climate Variability and Change. In: Houghton, J.T., Ding, Y., Griggs, D.J., Noguer, M., Van der Linden, P.J., Dai, X., Maskell, K., Johnson, C.A. (Eds.). Contribution of Working Group I to The Third Assessment Report of the Inetergovornmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001, pp. 99-181.
• [10]. Hadj Kouider, M., Nezli, I., & Hamdi-Aïssa, B. (2019). Reconstitution of the surface geology of Ouargla basin-Southern Algeria by remote sensing. Journal of Al-Hussein University for Research, pp. 54-64. DOI: 10.36621/0397-005-989006
• [11]. Hamdi-Aïssa, B., Valles, V., Aventurier, A., & Ribolzi, O. (2004). Soils and brine geochemistry and mineralogy of hyperacid desert playa, Ouargla Basin, Algerian Sahara. Arid Land Research and Management, 18, pp.103-126. DOI:10.1080/15324980490279656
• [12]. Hassani, A., Azapagic, A., & Shokri, N. (2021). Global predictions of primary soil salinization under changing climate in the 21st century. Nature Communications, 12, 6663. DOI:10.1038/s41467-021-26907-3
• [13]. Haynes, W.M. (2016). Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds. In: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th Edition). CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, LLC; Boca Raton: FL, pp. 4-43 to 4-96. DOI:10.1201/978131538047
• [14]. Hetzel, F., Vaessen, V., Himmelsback, T., Struckmeier, W., & Villholth, K.G. (2008). Groundwater and Climate Change: Challenges and Possibilities. Groundwater - Resources and Management. Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Hanover, Germany; 15p.
• [15]. Huang, Y.C., Rao, A., Huang, S.J., Chang, C.Y., Drechsler, M., Knaus, J., Chan, J.C.C., Raiteri, P., Gale, J.D., & Gebauer, D. (2021). Uncovering the Role of Bicarbonate in Calcium Carbonate Formation at Near-Neutral pH. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 60, 30, pp. 16707-16713. DOI:10.1002/anie.202104002
• [16]. Hulme, M., Doherty, R., Ngara, T., New, M., & Lister, D. (2001). African climate change: 1900–2100. Climate Research, 17, pp. 145-168. DOI:10.3354/cr017145
• [17]. Hutchinson, G.E. (1957). A Treatise on Limnology. Volume 1: Geography, Physics and Chemistry. John Wiley, New York; 1015 p. DOI:10.4319/lo.1959.4.1.0108
• [18]. Idder, T., Idder, A., Cheloufi, H., Benzida, A., Khemis, R., & Moguedet, G. (2013). La surexploitation des ressources hydriques au Sahara algérien et ses conséquences sur l’environnement- Un cas typique: l’oasis de Ouargla (Sahara septentrional). Techniques Sciences Méthodes, (5), pp. 31-39.
• [19]. Kharroubi, M., Bouselsal, B., Ouarekh, M., Benaabidate, L., & Khadri, R. (2022). Water quality assessment and hydrogeochemical characterization of the Ouargla complex terminal aquifer (Algerian Sahara). Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 15, 3, 251. DOI:10.1007/s12517-022-09438-z
• [20]. Klimchouk, A., (1996). The dissolution and conversion of Gypsum and Anhydrite. International Journal of Speleology, 25, 3-4, pp. 21-36. DOI:10.5308/1827-806X.25.3.2
• [21]. Li, J., Pu, L., Han, M., Zhu, M., Zhang, R., & Xiang, Y. (2014). Soil salinization research in China: Advances and Prospects. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 24, 5, pp. 943-960. DOI:10.1007/s11442-014-1130-2
• [22]. Medjani, F., Djidel, M., Labar, S., Bouchagoura, L., & Rezzag Bara, C. (2021). Groundwater physico-chemical properties and water quality changes in shallow aquifers in arid saline wetlands, Ouargla, Algeria. Applied Water Science, 11, 5, 82. DOI:10.1007/s13201-021-01415-3
• [23]. Nezli, I., Achour, S., & Djarbi, L. (2007). Approche géochimique des processus d’acquisitions de la salinité des eaux de la nappe phréatique de la basse vallée de l’Oued M’ya (Ouargla). LARHYSS Journal, 6, 1, pp. 121-134.
• [24]. Office Nationale de l’Assainissement [ONA]. (2004). Études d'assainissement des eaux résiduaires, pluviales et d'irrigation, mesures complémentaires de lutte contre la remontée de la nappe phréatique - La Vallée de Ouargla. Mission II, Rapport final ; Document référence 6029.01/RN097. Étude réalisé par le bureau Bonnard et Gardel Ingénieurs-conseil-Lausanne pour le compte du Ministère des Ressources en Eau et Maître d’ouvrage ONA ; 110 p.
• [25]. Parkhurst, D.L., & Appelo, C.A.J. (2013). Description of Input and Examples for PHREEQC version 3 - A Computer Program for Speciation, Batch-Reaction, One-Dimensional Transport, and Inverse Geochemical Calculations. US Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, Book 6, Chapter A43; 497 p. http://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a43
• [26]. Patnaik, P. (2003). Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals (1st Edition). McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.; New York, N. Y., USA.
• [27]. Salençon, M.J., & Thébault, J.M. (1997). Modélisation d'écosystème lacustre. Application à la retenue de Pareloup (Aveyron), Éditeur Masson, 183 p.
• [28]. Satouh, A., Bouselsal, B., Chellat, S., & Benaabidate, L. (2021). Determination of groundwater vulnerability using the Drastic method in Ouargla shallow aquifer (Algerian Sahara). Journal of Ecological Engineering, 22, 6, pp. 12-19. DOI:10.12911/22998993/137680
• [29]. Sekkoum, K., Talhi, M.F., Cheriti, A., Bourmita, Y., Belboukhari, N., Boulenouar, N., & Taleb, S. (2012). Water in Algerian Sahara: Environmental and Health Impact. [In:] Advancing Desalination, Robert, Y.N., Editor. In Tech Open publishers, pp.197-216. DOI:10.5772/50319
• [30]. Semar, A., Hartani, T., & Bachir, H. (2019). Soil and water salinity evaluation in new agriculture land under arid climate, the case of the Hassi Miloud area, Algeria. Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration, 4, 1, 40. DOI:10.1007/s41207-019-0130-0
• [31]. Slimani, R., Charikh, M., & Aljaradin, M. (2023). Assessment of groundwater vulnerability to pollution in an arid environment. Archives of Environmental Protection, 49, 2, pp. 50-58. DOI:10.24425/aep.2023.145896
• [32]. Speight, J.G. (2005). Physical Properties of Inorganic Compounds. In: Lange’s Handbook of Chemistry (16th edition). McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing, New York, N. Y. USA; Table 3, pp. 18 - 63.
• [33]. Tank, D.K., & Chandel, C.P.S. (2010). A hydrochemical elucidation of the groundwater composition under domestic and irrigated land in Jaipur City. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 166, pp. 69-77. DOI:10.1007/s10661-009-0985-7
• [34]. Taupin, J. D. (1990). Evaluation isotopique de l'évaporation en zone non saturée sous climat sahélien et évolution géochimique des solutions des sols (vallée du moyen Niger). PhD Dissertation, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
• [35]. Taylor, C.A., & Stefan, H.G. (2009). Shallow groundwater temperature response to climate change and urbanization. Journal of Hydrology, 375, 3-4, pp. 601-12. DOI:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.009
• [36]. Tesco, V. (1986). Réaménagement et extension des palmeraies d’Oued Righ. Touggourt. Dans: Etude agro-économique. Ed. Rapport scientifique de la Mission Contractuelle Algéro-Hongrie. Budapest, 255–260.
• [37]. William, M., & Lewis, J.R. (1983). A Revised Classification of Lakes Based on Mixing. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 40, 10, pp. 1779-1787. DOI:10.1139/f83-207
• [38]. Williams, W.D. (1999). Salinisation: A major threat to water resources in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Lakes & Reservoirs: Science, Policy and Management for Sustainable Use, 4, 3-4, pp. 85-91. DOI:10.1046/j.1440-1770.1999. 00089.x
• [39]. Woods, P.H. (1990). Evaporative discharge of groundwater from the margin of the Great Artesian Basin near Lake Eyre, South Australia, PhD Thesis, Flinders University, School of Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences. https://theses.flinders.edu.au/view/e12f045b-38b8-49c5-85fd-00f34b588c88/1
• [40]. Yang, T., Ala, M., Guan, D., & Wang, A. (2021). The effects of groundwater depth on the soil evaporation in Horqin Sandy Land, China. Chinese Geographical Science, 31, 4, pp. 727-734. DOI:10.1007/s11769-021-1220-x
• [41]. York, J.P., Person, M., Gutowski, W.J., & Winter, T.C. (2002). Putting aquifers into atmospheric simulation models: an example from the Mill Creek Watershed, northeastern Kansas. Advances in Water Resources, 25, 2, pp. 221-238. DOI:10.1016/S0309-1708(01)00021-5