Results of the crash tests of electric cars

• Autorzy: Żuchowski A.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0012.2521

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The work presents the results of crash tests carried out with six electrical car models (from 2012-2013), with the weight of 1200-2300 kg (Smart Electric Driver, Mitsubishi IMiEV, Nissan Leaf, CODA, Ford Focus BEV, Tesla Model S). The results were published on the Internet by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (USA), and the tests involved a car travelling at the speed of 56 km/h, hitting frontally into a non-deformable (stiff) barrier, positioned perpendicularly to the car’s direction of movement. Particular attention was paid to the deformation of the car after hitting the barrier, so-called stiffness characteristics of the frontal crumple zone, and to the loads on the dummies placed at the driver’s and passenger’s seat (Hybrid III, a 50-centile man and a 5-centile woman). Results of the tests with electric cars were compared with the results of the tests with over a hundred of combustion engine cars with similar weight and type of car body (sedan, hatchback). The tests proved that, in the majority of electrical cars tested, the deformation of the frontal crumple zone after hitting an obstacle is larger than in case of similar cars with internal combustion engine. Because of that, the dynamic loads on the occupants of the vehicle tend to be smaller, as indicated by measured loads on the heads and chests of the dummies. The results may suggest that the frontal crumple zone may be better constructed in the case of electric cars, while the design possibilities regarding that area are limited in standard cars due to the combustion engine, which is not deformed during the accident, which makes it more difficult for the energy of the crash to dissipate.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

road transport; vehicle safety; crash tests; safety of passengers; electric vehicles

PL

transport drogowy; bezpieczeństwo pojazdu; testy zderzeniowe; bezpieczeństwo pasażerów; pojazdy elektryczne

• Wydawca: Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Aviation ; European Science Society of Powertrain and Transport KONES Poland ; Wydawnictwo Instytutu Technicznego Wojsk Lotniczych
• Czasopismo: Journal of KONES
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: Vol. 25, No. 1
• Strony: 483--490
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 13 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Żuchowski A.

• Military University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Motor Vehicles and Transportation Gen. W. Urbanowicza Street 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland tel.: [phone], fax: [phone]

Bibliografia

• [1] Brach, R. M, Brach, R. M., Vehicle Accident Analysis and Reconstruction Methods, SAE International, USA 2011.
• [2] Cichos, D., Otto, M., Zölsch, S., Clausnitzer, S., Vetter, D., Pfeiffer, G., de Vogel, D., Schaar, O., Crash Analysis Criteria Description, Ver. 2.3, Arbeitskreis Messdatenverarbeitung Fahrzeugsicherheit, Germany 2011.
• [3] Masias, A., Electric Vehicle Safety: Design & Research, ARPA-E Crash-Safe Energy Storage Systems for Electric Vehicles Workshop, Denver 2012.
• [4] Prochowski, L., Żuchowski, A, Comparative Analysis of Frontal Zone of Deformation in Vehicles with Self-Supporting and Framed Bodies, Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 397-404, Warsaw 2011.
• [5] Prochowski, L., Żuchowski, A., Dynamic Loads of Power Unit During Car Impact, Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport, Vol. 13, No. 2, Warsaw 2006.
• [6] Prochowski, L., Żuchowski, A., Analysis of the Influence of Passenger Position in a Car on a Risk of Injuries during a Car Accident, Maintenance and Reliability, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 360-366, Warsaw 2014.
• [7] Prochowski, L., Żuchowski, A., The Analysis of the Influence of the Rear Seat Passenger Position on the Kinematics and Dynamic Loads on a Torso and Legs During a Road Accident, Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 335-342, Warsaw 2013.
• [8] SAE J1725, Calculation Guidelines for Impact Testing, 2010.
• [9] Vangi, D., Simplified Method for Evaluating Energy Loss in Vehicle Collisions, Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 41, pp. 633-641, 2009.
• [10] Żuchowski, A., Analysis of the influence of the impact speed on the risk of injury of the driver and front passenger of a passenger car, Maintenance and Reliability, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 436-444, Warsaw 2016.
• [11] Żuchowski, A., The Use of Energy Methods at the Calculation of Vehicle Impact Velocity, The Archives of Automotive Engineering, Vol. 68, No. 2, pp. 85-111, Warsaw 2015.
• [12] www.nhtsa.gov.
• [13] www.samochodyelektryczne.org.

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2018).