Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
In recent decades, standard polymer blends for different applications have been more and more often replaced by blends containing raw materials. The use of natural materials as filler in thermoplastics brings both economic and environmental benefits. The use of a given vegetable filler depends on the geographic location and natural occurrence of the vegetables in a given geographic region. In Poland, for instance, the pumpkin is one of such vegetables. They are used for producing oil which is pressed from pumpkin seeds. Pumpkin seeds are then collected, dried and purified to produce waste material in hull form. Particles of ground pumpkin seed hulls with varying sizes and weight-in-weight concentration ranging from 0% to 20% relative to the matrix are used as filler in low-density polyethylene. Pumpkin seed hulls are ground and sieved. Four fractions of hulls with different particle sizes are produced: <0.2 mm, 0.2-0.4 mm, 0.4-0.6 mm, 0.6-0.8 mm. The paper reports the results of investigation of the mechanical properties, i.e., strength properties determined by static tensile testing and hardness measurement, of injection molds produced at constant processing parameters. In addition, the cross sections of the obtained products are subjected to microscopic examination. Relationships are determined between tensile modulus, maximum tensile stress, tensile stress at yield, maximum tensile strain, tensile strain at yield as well as Shore hardness and weigh-in-weight concentration of the powdered natural filler and its grain sizes. Finally, relevant conclusions are drawn.
Wydawca
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
318--325
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 24 poz., fig., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Lublin University of Technology, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Department of Technology and Polymer Processing, 36 Nadbystrzycka St., 20-533 Lublin, Poland
autor
- Lublin University of Technology, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Department of Technology and Polymer Processing, 36 Nadbystrzycka St., 20-533 Lublin, Poland
autor
- Technical University in Košice, Department Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 74 Mäsiarska St., 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
Bibliografia
- 1.Shenoy A. V.: Rheology of filled polymer systems. Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.
- 2.Klepka T., Jeziórska R., Szadkowska A.: Cienkościenne wyroby z modyfikowanego polietylenu dużej gęstości. Przemysł Chemiczny, 8, 2015, 1352-1355.
- 3.Strong A. Brent.: Fundamentals of composites manufacturing: materials, methods and applications. Society of Manufacturing Engineers, 2008.
- 4.Hornsby P. R.: Rheology, compounding and processing of filled thermoplastics. Mineral fillers in thermoplastics I. Advances in Polymer Science, 139, 1999, 155-217.
- 5.Xanthos, M.: Functional fillers for plastics. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
- 6.Alonso M., Velasco J. I.: Constrained crystallization and activity of filler in surface modified talc polypropylene composite, European Polymer Journal, 33(3), 1997, 255-262.
- 7.Sikora J. W.: Effect the feed section groove taper angle on the performance of a single-screw extruder, Polymer Engineering and Science, 41(9), 2001, 1636-1643.
- 8.Samujło B., Sikora J. W.: The impact of selected granulometric properties of poly (vinyl chloride) on the effectiveness of the extrusion process, Journal of Polymer Engineering 2013, 33(1), 2013, 77-85.
- 9.Głogowska K., Sikora J.W., Duleba B.: Effect of mechanical properties of metal powder-filled hybrid moulded products, Journal of Polymer Engineering, 36(7), 2016, 705-712.
- 10.Sterzyński, T.: Processing and property improvement in isotactic polypropylene by heterogeneous nucleation, Polimery, 45, 2000 786-791.
- 11.Jachowicz T., Dulebova L.: Badania zawartości napełniacza mineralnego na charakterystykę p-v-T polipropylenu. Przemysł Chemiczny. 12, 2015,2295-2298.
- 12.Work W.J., Horie K., Hess M., Stepto R.F.T.: Defnition of terms related to polymer blends, composites and multiphase polymeric materials. Pure and
- Applied Chemistry, 76, 2004, 1985-2007
- 13.Sterzynski, T., Calo P., Lambla, M., Thomas, M.: Trans and Dimethyl quinacridone nucleation of isotactic polypropylene, Polymer Engineering & Science, 37(12), 1997, 1917-1927.
- 14.Sterzyński T.: Processing and property improvement in isotactic polypropylene by heterogeneous nucleation. Polimery, 45(11-12), 2000, 786-791.
- 15.Gahleitner, M.: Melt rheology of polyolefins. Progress in polymer science, 26(6), 2001, 895-944.
- 16.Suh C. H., White J. L.: Talc-thermoplastic compounds: particle orientation in flow and rheological properties. Journal of non-newtonian fluid mechanics, 62(2), 1996, 175-206.
- 17.Dulebova L., Garbacz T.: The effect of particulate illers on hardness of polymer composite. Advances In Science And Technology Research Journal. 3(211), 2017, 66-71.
- 18.Zheng X., et al.: Effect of process parameters of microwave assisted extraction (MAE) on polysaccharides yield from pumpkin. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 2011, 18(2), 79-86.
- 19.ISO 527-1:2012 Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 1: General principles.
- 20.ISO 868:2005. Plastics and ebonite - Determination of indentation hardness by mean of a durometer (Shore hardness).
- 21.Rothon R.: Mineral Fillers in Thermoplastics: Filler Manufacture and Characterisation. Advances in Polymer Science, 139, 1999, 67-107.
- 22.Żenkiewicz M., Richert J.: Influence of polymer samples preparation procedure on their mechanical properties. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 26, 2, 2008, 155-158.
- 23.George J., Kumar R. and others: Rice bran-filled biodegradable low-density polyethylene films: Development and characterization for packaging applications. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 5, 2006, 4514-4522.
- 24.Nuraya A. S., Baharin A., Azura A. R.: Influence of banana stem powder on knotty tear behaviour of prevulcanised natural rubber latex composite films. Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering, 44, 2015, 265-272.
Uwagi
Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (zadania 2017)
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-93347186-4199-47e5-8b22-9a8de6c9e81c