Copper adsorption reaction rate and ion exchange ratio during the copper activation of sphalerite

• Autorzy: Liu J. , Luo D. , Huang L. , Wang Y. , Wen S.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5277/ppmp1832

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

A theoretical analysis method of the solution chemistry characteristic of Cu(II) at various pH values was developed. Using such method, the existence form of Cu species and their proportions in aqueous solution can be clearly determined. After that, the copper adsorption and ion exchange ratio (E) during the copper activation of sphalerite were investigated. The results indicated that the copper activation of sphalerite can be divided into two stages, i.e., the fast activation stage (t ≤4 min) and slow activation stage (t >4 min). The general form of the copper adsorption rate was determined as ΓCu=K1ln(t) +Γ1, which is confirmed by the data fitting of the fast activation stage. The lower activation pH results in higher ion exchange efficiency for Cu substituting Zn. For a strong acid pH of 4.1, the E maintains about 1:1 in the entire activation time range and is not dependent on the activation time. However, the value of E is greater than 1 under weak acidic (pH=6.2) and alkaline (pH=9.1) pH conditions and it significantly depends on the activation time. For such conditions, E decreases with increase in the activation time, which supports the ion exchange mechanism, but within short activation time, it is not a 1:1 ion exchange process.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

sphalerite; copper activation; solution chemistry; ion exchange ratio; reaction rate

• Wydawca: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
• Czasopismo: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: Vol. 54, iss. 2
• Strony: 377--385
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 27 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Liu J.

• State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
• Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

autor

Luo D.

• Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

autor

Huang L.

• State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

autor

Wang Y.

• Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

autor

Wen S.

• State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China

Bibliografia

• ALBRECHT, T. W. J, ADDAI-MENSAH, J., FORNASIERO, D., 2016. Critical copper concentration in sphalerite flotation: Effect of temperature and collector. Int. J. Miner. Process., 146, 15-22.
• ALKAN, M., KALAY, B., DOĞAN, M., DEMIRBAS, O., 2008. Removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions by kaolinite and batch design. J. Hazard. Mater., 153, 867-876.
• BOULTON, A., FORNASIERO, D., RALSTON, J., 2005. Effect of iron content in sphalerite on flotation. Miner. Eng., 18, 1120-1122.
• BUCKLEY, A., WOODS, R., WOUTERLOOD, H., 1989. An XPS investigation of the surface of natural sphalerites under flotation-related conditions. Int. J. Miner. Process., 26, 29-49.
• CHANDRA, A. P., GERSON, A. R., 2009. A review of the fundamental studies of the copper activation mechanisms for selective flotation of the sulfide minerals, sphalerite and pyrite. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 145, 97-110.
• CHEN, J., YE, C., LI, Y., 2010. Quantum-mechanical study of effect of lattice defects on surface properties and copper activation of sphalerite surface. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 20, 1121-1130.
• CHEN, Y., CHEN, J., LAN, L., YANG, M., 2012. The influence of the impurities on the flotation behaviors of synthetic ZnS. Miner. Eng., 27, 65-71.
• FINKELSTEIN, N.P., 1999. The activation of sulphide minerals for flotation: a review. Int. J. Miner. Process., 55, 283-286.
• FORNASIERO, D., RALSTON, J., 2006. Effect of surface oxide/hydroxide products on the collectorless flotation. of copper-activated sphalerite. Int. J. Miner. Process., 78, 231-237.
• FUERSTENAU, M., CLIFFORD, K., KUHN, M., 1974. The role of zinc-xanthate precipitation in sphalerite flotation. Int. J. Miner. Process., 1, 307-318.
• GALWEY, A. K., BROWN, M. E., 2002. Application of the Arrhenius equation to solid state kinetics: can this be justified?. Thermochim. Acta., 386(1), 91-98.
• GERSON, A. R., LANGE, A. G., PRINCE, K. E., SMART, R. S., 1999. The mechanism of copper activation of sphalerite. Appl. Surf. Sci., 137, 207-223.
• HARMER, S. L., MIERCZYNSKA-VASILEV, A., BEATTIE, D. A., SHAPTER, J. G., 2008. The effect of bulk iron concentration and heterogeneities on the copper activation of sphalerite. Miner. Eng., 21, 1005-1012.
• LASCELLES, D., SUI, C. C., FINCH, J. A., BUTLER, I. S., 2001. Copper ion mobility in sphalerite activation. Colloids Surf. A., 186, 163-172.
• LEPPINEN, J., 1990. FTIR and flotation investigation of the adsorption of ethyl xanthate on activated and non-activated sulfide minerals. Int. J. Miner. Process., 30, 245-263.
• LIU, J., WEN, S. M., CHEN, X. M., BAI, S. J., LIU, D., CAO, Q. B, 2013. DFT computation of Cu adsorption on the S atoms of sphalerite (110) surface. Miner. Eng., 46-47, 1-5.
• LIU, J., WEN S. M., DENG, J. S., CHEN, X. M., FENG, Q. C., 2014. DFT study of ethyl xanthate interaction with sphalerite (110) surface in the absence and presence of copper. Appl. Surf. Sci., 311, 258-263.
• LIU, J., WEN, S. M., WANG, Y. J, DENG, J. S., CHEN X. M., 2016. Transition state search study on the migration of Cu absorbed on the S sites of sphalerite (110) surface. Int. J. Miner. Process., 147, 28-30.
• LONG, X., CHEN, J., CHEN. Y., 2016. Adsorption of ethyl xanthate on ZnS (110) surface in the presence of water molecules: A DFT study. Appl. Surf. Sci., 370, 11-18.
• MOTT, N. F., 1947. The theory of the formation of protective oxide films on metals.-III. Trans. Faraday. Soc., 43, 429-434.
• PERSSON, I., 1994. Review: Adsorption of ions and molecules to solid surfaces in connection with flotation of sulphide minerals. J. Coord. Chem., 32, 261-342.
• POPOV, S. R., VUČINIĆ, D., 1990. The ethylxanthate adsorption on copper-activated sphalerite under flotation-related conditions in alkaline media. Int. J. Miner. Process., 30, 229-244.
• RALSTON, J., HEALY, T., 1980. Activation of zinc sulphide with Cu II, Cd II and Pb II: I. Activation in weakly acidic media. Int. J. Miner. Process., 7, 175-201.
• RALSTON, J., HEALY, T., 1980. Activation of zinc sulphide with Cu II, Cd II and Pb II: II. Activation in neutral and weakly alkaline media. Int. J. Miner. Process., 7, 203-217.
• SOMORJAI, G. A., KLERER, J., 1972. Principles of surface chemistry. J. Electrochem. Soc., 119, 279C-279C.
• WANG, D. Z., HU, Y. H., 1998. Solution chemistry of flotation. Hunan Science and Technology Press, Changsha, China (In Chinese).
• WANG, J., LIU, Q., ZENG, H., 2013. Understanding Copper Activation and Xanthate Adsorption on Sphalerite by ToF-SIMS, XPS and in-situ SECM. J. Phys. Chem. C, 117, 20089-20097.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).